Kurmasana

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title: "Kurmasana" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["sitting-asanas", "forward-bend-asanas", "medieval-hatha-yoga-asanas"] description: "Seated forward bending posture in hatha yoga" topic_path: "general/sitting-asanas" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurmasana" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Seated forward bending posture in hatha yoga ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Kūrmāsana_-_Tortoise_Pose_with_Hands_Facing_Back.jpg" caption="Tortoise Pose, Kurmasana"] ::

Kurmasana (; ), Tortoise Pose, or Turtle Pose is a sitting forward bending asana in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise.

Etymology and origins

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Jogapradipika_81_Kurmasana_(cropped).jpg" caption="Pose labelled "Kurmasana" in the 19th century ''[[Jogapradipika]]''"] ::

The name comes from the Sanskrit कूर्म Kūrma, "turtle" or "tortoise" and आसन Āsana, "posture" or "seat".

Uttana Kurmasana is described in the ancient, Ahirbudhnya Saṃhitā, and illustrated in the 19th century Jogapradipika and Sritattvanidhi.

The modern Kurmasana is described in B. K. S. Iyengar's 1966 Light on Yoga. Iyengar states that the asana is dedicated to Kurma, the tortoise incarnation of the god Vishnu.

Description

To enter kūrmāsana a practitioner sits with the legs outstretched, feet as wide apart as possible. The knees are bent slightly, keeping the heels in contact with the floor. The body is leaned forward from the hips and the hands slid under the knees. The body leans forward (bending at the hips) to allow the hands and arms to slide sideways and backward (under the knees) until the elbows lie near the back of the knees. The heels are pushed forward and legs are straightened as much as possible. The forehead or chin is brought to touch the floor. The arms are further brought around the back to interlock the hands under the buttocks.

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Uttana_Kurmasana_from_Sritattvanidhi_(cropped).jpg" caption="Uttana Kurmasana from the 19th century ''[[Sritattvanidhi]]''"] ::

Variations

Supta Kurmasana (Sleeping Tortoise Pose) has the forehead on the floor, the feet crossed behind the head, and the arms reaching around the legs, hands clasped behind the back.

Uttana Kurmasana (Upside-Down Tortoise Pose) has the arms threaded through the crossed legs as in Kukkutasana (Cockerel Pose), the back on the ground, and the palms of the hands on the neck.

References

Sources

References

1. "Kurmasana - AshtangaYoga.info".
2. Sinha, S. C.. (1996). "Dictionary of Philosophy". Anmol Publications.
3. (9 December 2011). "A Response to Mark Singleton's Yoga Body by James Mallinson".
4. Bühnemann, Gudrun. (2007). "Eighty-Four Asanas in Yoga: A Survey of Traditions". D. K. Printworld.
5. "Supta Kurmasana". Ashtanga Yoga.
6. (2017). "Asana and Mudra". Red Elixir.

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::