Kotlas
Town in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia
title: "Kotlas" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["cities-and-towns-in-arkhangelsk-oblast", "geography-of-gulag"] description: "Town in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia" topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotlas" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary Town in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia ::
::data[format=table title="Infobox Russian inhabited locality"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| en_name | Kotlas |
| ru_name | Котлас |
| image_skyline | Здание, где раньше находилось управление печорской железной дороги.JPG |
| image_caption | Former headquarters of the Pechora Railway in Kotlas |
| coordinates | |
| map_label_position | right |
| pushpin_map | Russia Arkhangelsk Oblast #European Russia#Russia |
| image_coa | Coat of Arms of Kotlas (Arkhangelsk oblast) 2007.png |
| image_flag | Flag of Kotlas (Arkhangelsk oblast).png |
| federal_subject | Arkhangelsk Oblast |
| federal_subject_ref | |
| adm_city_jur | town of oblast significance of Kotlas |
| adm_city_jur_ref | |
| adm_ctr_of1 | town of oblast significance of Kotlas |
| adm_ctr_of1_ref | |
| adm_ctr_of2 | Kotlassky District |
| adm_ctr_of2_ref | |
| inhabloc_cat | Town |
| inhabloc_cat_ref | |
| urban_okrug_jur | Kotlas Urban Okrug |
| urban_okrug_jur_ref | |
| mun_admctr_of1 | Kotlas Urban Okrug |
| mun_admctr_of1_ref | |
| mun_admctr_of2 | Kotlassky Municipal District, Cheryomushskoye Rural Settlement |
| mun_admctr_of2_ref | |
| area_km2 | 68.039 |
| area_km2_ref | |
| pop_2010census | 60562 |
| pop_2010census_rank | 271st |
| pop_2010census_ref | |
| current_cat_date | June 16, 1917 |
| postal_codes | 165300–165306, 165308, 165309, 165311–165313, 165398, 165399 |
| dialing_codes | 81837 |
| website | http://www.kotlas-city.ru |
| :: |
|en_name=Kotlas |ru_name=Котлас |image_skyline=Здание, где раньше находилось управление печорской железной дороги.JPG |image_caption=Former headquarters of the Pechora Railway in Kotlas |coordinates = |map_label_position=right |pushpin_map= Russia Arkhangelsk Oblast #European Russia#Russia |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Kotlas (Arkhangelsk oblast) 2007.png |coa_caption= |image_flag=Flag of Kotlas (Arkhangelsk oblast).png |flag_caption= |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday= |holiday_ref= |federal_subject=Arkhangelsk Oblast |federal_subject_ref= |adm_city_jur=town of oblast significance of Kotlas |adm_city_jur_ref= |adm_ctr_of1=town of oblast significance of Kotlas |adm_ctr_of1_ref= |adm_ctr_of2=Kotlassky District |adm_ctr_of2_ref= |inhabloc_cat=Town |inhabloc_cat_ref= |inhabloc_type= |inhabloc_type_ref= |urban_okrug_jur=Kotlas Urban Okrug |urban_okrug_jur_ref= |mun_admctr_of1=Kotlas Urban Okrug |mun_admctr_of1_ref= |mun_admctr_of2=Kotlassky Municipal District, Cheryomushskoye Rural Settlement |mun_admctr_of2_ref= |leader_title= |leader_title_ref= |leader_name= |leader_name_ref= |representative_body= |representative_body_ref= |area_km2=68.039 |area_km2_ref= |pop_2010census=60562 |pop_2010census_rank=271st |pop_2010census_ref= |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |established_date= |established_title= |established_date_ref= |current_cat_date=June 16, 1917 |current_cat_date_ref= |postal_codes=165300–165306, 165308, 165309, 165311–165313, 165398, 165399 |dialing_codes=81837 |dialing_codes_ref= |website=http://www.kotlas-city.ru
Kotlas () is a town in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Northern Dvina and Vychegda Rivers. Population:
Kotlas is the third-largest town of Arkhangelsk Oblast in terms of population (after Arkhangelsk and Severodvinsk) and an important transport hub.
History
The place was probably inhabited from ancient times, but was only granted official town status by the Provisional Government of Russia on June 16, 1917, when it was a part of Vologda Governorate. In 1918, the area was transferred to the newly formed Northern Dvina Governorate, and in 1924 the uyezds were abolished in favor of the new divisions, the districts (raions). Kotlassky District was established on June 25, 1924. In 1929, Northern Dvina Governorate was merged into Northern Krai, which in 1936 was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Kotlassky District remained in Arkhangelsk Oblast ever since.
Gulag
During the 1930s, Kotlas became a place to which kulaks were deported and made to work in the forestry industry. It was managed by the Kotlaslag division of Gulag. Later, it hosted all possible categories of people repressed during the Stalin era. A significant population of Poles existed in the area, with whole Polish villages resettled here in 1920s and 1930s.
Labor camps existed within the territory of the city until 1953. Besides logging and the paper industry, inmates worked at plant, housing, bridge, and railroad construction. Most of camps were unguarded barrack settlements. In addition, Kotlas was a major transit point for deportees transferred further to the north and east, since it was a railroad terminus. There is a Kotlas branch of the Sovest (Conscience) organization, which seeks to preserve the memory of those times and seek compensation for victims.
In 1998 the city authorities turned the Makarikha cemetery where prisoners and deportees were buried into a memorial complex.
Pechora railway
The further development of Kotlas was due to the construction of the Pechora Railway. Already from 1899 Kotlas was connected by a railway line with Vyatka (currently Kirov), which was heavily used for the cargo transport of goods to and from the Northern Dvina. In 1940, the construction of the railroad connecting Konosha (on the railway stretch between Moscow and Arkhangelsk) to Vorkuta started. The railroad was needed to transport coal, timber, and later oil from the Komi Republic. The headquarters of this railroad were opened in Kotlas. In the same year, Kotlas became a separate administrative unit. In December 1941, the road was completed, and from 1942, the regular service started. Kotlas thus became an important transport hub. The headquarters of the Pechora Railway were located in Kotlas until 1959, when the railway was merged into the Northern Railway.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kotlas serves as the administrative center of Kotlassky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is, together with one work settlement (Vychegodsky) and two rural localities, incorporated separately as the town of oblast significance of Kotlas—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of oblast significance of Kotlas is incorporated as Kotlas Urban Okrug.
Within the framework of municipal divisions, Kotlas also serves as the administrative center of Cheryomushskoye Rural Settlement, even though it is not a part of it.
Economy
Kotlas is a center of timber industry and an important river port and a railroad center (situated on the railroad connecting central Russia with the Komi Republic).
The Northern Dvina and the Vychegda Rivers are navigable; there is regular passenger navigation on the Vychegda. Roads connect Kotlas with Veliky Ustyug (and eventually Vologda and Kostroma) to the South, Syktyvkar to the East, and Krasnoborsk (eventually Arkhangelsk) to the North. There is regular passenger bus traffic originating in Kotlas.
Kotlas is an important railway hub, where the railway to Kirov branches off south-east from the main railway, connecting Konosha and Vorkuta.
Kotlas is served by the Kotlas Airport and is home to the Savatiya air base.
Culture and recreation
::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Котлас._Церкви_дьякона_Стефания_и_Св._Стефания_Пермского.jpg" caption="The Church of St. Stephan of Perm"] ::
The Church of St. Stephan of Perm was built in 1788, and the adjacent bell-tower was built in 1825. Both are protected at the local level as architectural monuments, as is Narodny Dom, a wooden house built at the beginning of 20th century.
Geography
Climate
Kotlas has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc), bordering closely on a humid continental climate, featuring long, very cold winters, and short, warm summers. |location = Kotlas |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |width = auto |collapsed = |Jan record high C = 5.5 |Feb record high C = 5.2 |Mar record high C = 15.2 |Apr record high C = 26.9 |May record high C = 33.0 |Jun record high C = 33.9 |Jul record high C = 35.5 |Aug record high C = 35.2 |Sep record high C = 28.7 |Oct record high C = 21.6 |Nov record high C = 12.4 |Dec record high C = 5.5 |Jan high C = -9.0 |Feb high C = -7.1 |Mar high C = -0.1 |Apr high C = 8.0 |May high C = 16.3 |Jun high C = 20.9 |Jul high C = 23.6 |Aug high C = 19.9 |Sep high C = 13.7 |Oct high C = 5.4 |Nov high C = -2.4 |Dec high C = -6.6 |Jan mean C = -12.2 |Feb mean C = -10.9 |Mar mean C = -4.6 |Apr mean C = 2.7 |May mean C = 9.9 |Jun mean C = 14.8 |Jul mean C = 17.7 |Aug mean C = 14.4 |Sep mean C = 9.2 |Oct mean C = 2.7 |Nov mean C = -4.7 |Dec mean C = -9.3 |Jan low C = -15.8 |Feb low C = -14.6 |Mar low C = -9.0 |Apr low C = -2.0 |May low C = 4.1 |Jun low C = 9.0 |Jul low C = 11.9 |Aug low C = 9.7 |Sep low C = 5.5 |Oct low C = 0.3 |Nov low C = -7.1 |Dec low C = -12.4 |Jan record low C = -47.1 |Feb record low C = -44.9 |Mar record low C = -36.0 |Apr record low C = -27.2 |May record low C = -12.8 |Jun record low C = -3.0 |Jul record low C = -0.8 |Aug record low C = -3.6 |Sep record low C = -7.1 |Oct record low C = -22.5 |Nov record low C = -40.0 |Dec record low C = -44.9 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 39 |Feb precipitation mm = 32 |Mar precipitation mm = 31 |Apr precipitation mm = 33 |May precipitation mm = 49 |Jun precipitation mm = 71 |Jul precipitation mm = 78 |Aug precipitation mm = 62 |Sep precipitation mm = 55 |Oct precipitation mm = 60 |Nov precipitation mm = 50 |Dec precipitation mm = 42 | unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm | Jan precipitation days = 12 | Feb precipitation days = 10 | Mar precipitation days = 9 | Apr precipitation days = 7 | May precipitation days = 9 | Jun precipitation days = 10 | Jul precipitation days = 10 | Aug precipitation days = 11 | Sep precipitation days = 10 | Oct precipitation days = 12 | Nov precipitation days = 12 | Dec precipitation days = 13 | year precipitation days = 125 |Jan humidity = 85 |Feb humidity = 83 |Mar humidity = 78 |Apr humidity = 70 |May humidity = 67 |Jun humidity = 71 |Jul humidity = 75 |Aug humidity = 81 |Sep humidity = 85 |Oct humidity = 86 |Nov humidity = 88 |Dec humidity = 87 |source 1 = www.pogodaiklimat.ru | url = http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/22887.htm | title = Климат Котласа - Погода и климат | access-date = 12 December 2021 | language = ru}} | source 2 = NOAA{{cite web |url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/RussianFederation/CSV/Kotlas_22887.csv |title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Kotlas |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date = April 9, 2024}}
Sports
Salyut is the local bandy club.http://www.rusbandy.ru/club/424/ Alexandr Tyukavin, a notable player voted as third best player of the Russian National Championship 2011–2012, was born in Kotlas. In 2014 he was awarded a prize from the International Fair Play Committee.https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&tl=en&u=rusbandy.ru/news/4756/&sandbox=1
Twin towns – sister cities
Kotlas is twinned with:
- POL Tarnów, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland
- USA Waterville, Maine, United States
References
Notes
Sources
References
- {{OKATO reference. 11 410 008
- link. (2008). Администрация МО "Котлас"
- {{ru-pop-ref. 2010Census
- "Kotlas - Arkhangelsk region - Russia".
- link. Котласский муниципальный район
- https://en.mapofmemory.org/29-26
- link. www.railway.te.ua
- Oblast Law #65-5-OZ
- Oblast Law #258-vneoch.-OZ
- "Сергей Ломанов – лучший игрок XX Чемпионата России". bandynet.ru.
- link. Russian Bandy Federation
- "Города-побратимы". Kotlas.
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