Kharruba

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title: "Kharruba" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["arab-villages-depopulated-during-the-1948-arab–israeli-war", "district-of-ramla", "archaeological-sites-in-israel"] topic_path: "philosophy" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharruba" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
nameKharruba
native_nameخروبة
native_name_langar
image_skylineHaruva 1.JPG
imagesize200px
image_captionKharruba, 2008
etymologyThe carob, or locust tree
pushpin_mapMandatory Palestine
pushpin_mapsize200
coordinates
grid_namePalestine grid
grid_position146/146
subdivision_typeGeopolitical entity
subdivision_nameMandatory Palestine
subdivision_type1Subdistrict
subdivision_name1Ramle
established_title1Date of depopulation
established_date1July 12–15, 1948
established_title2Repopulated dates
population_as_of1945
population_total170
blank_name_sec1Cause(s) of depopulation
blank_info_sec1Military assault by Yishuv forces
::

| name = Kharruba | native_name = خروبة | native_name_lang = ar | settlement_type = | image_skyline = Haruva 1.JPG | imagesize = 200px | image_caption = Kharruba, 2008 | etymology = The carob, or locust tree | pushpin_map = Mandatory Palestine | pushpin_map_caption = Location within Mandatory Palestine | image_map = | map_caption = A series of historical maps of the area around Kharruba (click the buttons) | pushpin_mapsize = 200 | coordinates = | grid_name = Palestine grid | grid_position = 146/146 | subdivision_type = Geopolitical entity | subdivision_name = Mandatory Palestine | subdivision_type1 = Subdistrict | subdivision_name1 = Ramle | established_title1 = Date of depopulation | established_date1 = July 12–15, 1948 | established_title2 = Repopulated dates | population_as_of = 1945 | population_total = 170 | blank_name_sec1 = Cause(s) of depopulation | blank_info_sec1 = Military assault by Yishuv forces ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/KharrubaJune122023_04.jpg" caption="Modi'in]]"] ::

Kharruba was a Palestinian Arab village in the Ramle Subdistrict of Mandatory Palestine, near Modi'in. It was located 8 km east of Ramla. It was depopulated on July 12, 1948, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

History

The name Kharruba, in its current form, is an Arabic one: "a carob tree".

It may be Kfar Hariba or Kfar Haruba mentioned in the Jerusalem Talmud as home of two brothers who fought the Romans during the Bar Kokhba revolt.

Ottoman era

In 1552, Kharruba was a cultivated place (mazra'a). Part of the tax revenues of Kharruba were endowed to the Haseki Sultan Imaret in Jerusalem, founded by Haseki Hürrem Sultan, the favourite wife of Suleiman the Magnificent. Administratively, Kharruba belonged to the Sub-district of Ramla in the District of Gaza.

Kharruba appeared in Ottoman tax registers compiled in 1596 under the name of Harnuba, in the Nahiyas of Ramla, of the Gaza Sanjak. It was indicated as empty (hali), though 25% taxes were paid on agricultural products. These included wheat, barley, summer crops, vineyards, fruit trees, sesame, goats, beehives, in an addition to occasional revenues; a total of 4,000 akçe.

In 1838, it was noted as a Muslim village, Khurrubeh, in the Ibn Humar area in the District of Er-Ramleh.

In 1863, Victor Guérin described Kharruba as a hamlet of a few huts. He noticed the remains of a medieval fort and suggested it might be the Crusader castle Arnaldi. The following decade, the PEF's "Survey of Western Palestine" found only ruins.

By the beginning of the 20th century, residents from Beit Iksa resettled the site, establishing it as a dependency – or satellite village – of their home village.

British Mandate era

During the British Mandate period, Kharruba was one of the key areas of Lime production for the developing urban centers along Palestine's coastal plain.

At the time of the 1931 census, Kharruba had 21 occupied houses and a population of 119 inhabitants, all Muslims.

In the 1945 statistics, the village had a population of 170 Muslims. The total land area was 3,374 dunams, while 3 dunams were classified as built-up public areas.

File:Innaba 1942.jpg|Kharruba 1942 1:20,000 File:Kharruba 1942.jpg|Kharruba 1945 1:250,000

1948, aftermath

It was depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War on July 12, 1948, by the Yiftach Brigade which reported that it had blown up the houses and "cleared the village".

In 1992 the village site was described: "The site is covered with the stone rubble of the destroyed houses, overgrown with vegetation. Many of the plants that grow on the site are the ones that Palestinians traditionally planted near their homes: cactuses, castor oil (ricinus) plants, and cypress, Christ's thorn, and olive trees. The surrounding land is used by the Israelis as grazing ground."

Archaeology

A site called Haruba is mentioned in the Copper Scroll, the only one of the Dead Sea Scrolls engraved on copper rather than written on parchment. Modern scholars do not believe it to be the site mentioned in the scroll.

In 2012, five suspected antiquities robbers were caught at Kharruba, after damaging a mikveh (ritual bath) dating to the Second Temple period and trenches used as hiding places during the Bar Kokhba revolt.

References

Bibliography

References

  1. Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/299/mode/1up 299]
  2. Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PR19 xix], village No. 242. Also gives cause of depopulation
  3. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945''. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/al-Ramla/Page-067.jpg 67] {{Webarchive. link. (2018-09-06)
  4. Marom, Roy. (2023). "Early-Ottoman Palestinian Toponymy: A Linguistic Analysis of the (Micro-)Toponyms in Haseki Sultan’s Endowment Deed (1552)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins.
  5. Finkelstein and Lederman, 1997, p. 200
  6. Marom, R.. (2022-11-01). "Jindās: A History of Lydda's Rural Hinterland in the 15th to the 20th Centuries CE". Lod, Lydda, Diospolis.
  7. Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 152
  8. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/121/mode/1up 121]
  9. Denys Pringle. (1991). "Survey of Castles in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1989: Preliminary Report". Levant.
  10. Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp03conduoft#page/104/mode/1up 104]
  11. Marom, Roy. (2022). "Lydda Sub-District: Lydda and its countryside during the Ottoman period". Diospolis – City of God: Journal of the History, Archaeology and Heritage of Lod.
  12. Marom, Roy. (2023-05-13). "The Arab Lime Industry around Modi'in during the British Mandate from the Craftsmen's Perspective". Diospolis.
  13. Mills, 1932, p. [//ia800304.us.archive.org/18/items/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas/PalestineCensus1931.pdf 21]
  14. Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p29.jpg 29]
  15. of this, a total of 1,620 dunums were used for cereals, 25 dunums were irrigated or used for orchards,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/al-Ramla/Page-115.jpg 115]
  16. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/al-Ramla/Page-165.jpg 165]
  17. Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PA435 435]
  18. Khalidi, 1992, p. 388
  19. The document is said to provide clues to the whereabouts of the legendary treasures of the Jewish Temple in [[Jerusalem]]. The scroll states: "In the ruin (Hurba) that is in the valley of Achor, under/the steps, with the entrance at the East,/a distance of 40 cubits: a strongbox of silver and its vessels / with a weight of 17 talents." In consequence, many treasure hunters have flocked to Kharruba over the years, [https://www.haaretz.com/weekend/week-s-end/no-gold-in-them-hills-1.417506 No gold in them hills], [[Haaretz]]

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arab-villages-depopulated-during-the-1948-arab–israeli-wardistrict-of-ramlaarchaeological-sites-in-israel