Kangwon Line

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Railway line in North Korea

title: "Kangwon Line" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["railway-lines-in-north-korea", "standard-gauge-railways-in-north-korea"] description: "Railway line in North Korea" topic_path: "general/railway-lines-in-north-korea" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangwon_Line" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Railway line in North Korea ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox rail line"]

FieldValue
box_width300px
color
nameKangwŏn Line
native_name강원선(江原線)
native_name_langko
typeHeavy rail, Passenger/freight rail
Regional rail
statusOperational
localeSouth Hamgyŏng
Kangwŏn
startKowŏn
endP'yŏnggang
stations23
openMainline: 1913-1916
ownerChosen Government Railway (1913–1945)
Korean State Railway (since 1945)
Korail (part, since 1953)
operatorKorean State Railway
Korail (part, since 1953)
depotWŏnsan
linelength145.8 km in use
tracksSingle track
gauge
electrification3000 V DC Overhead line
minradius300 m
map_statecollapsed
map[[Image:DPRK-Kangwon Line.png
inline1
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BL\\hSTRae\\~~ ~~ ~~(viaduct appx {{convert65
\\exhKRZWae\\~~ ~~ ~~(bridge appx {{convert45
::

|box_width = 300px |color = |name = Kangwŏn Line |native_name = 강원선(江原線) |native_name_lang = ko |type = Heavy rail, Passenger/freight rail Regional rail |system = |status = Operational |locale = South Hamgyŏng Kangwŏn |start = Kowŏn |end = P'yŏnggang |stations = 23 |open = Mainline: 1913-1916 |owner = Chosen Government Railway (1913–1945) Korean State Railway (since 1945) Korail (part, since 1953) |operator = Korean State Railway Korail (part, since 1953) |character = |stock = |depot = Wŏnsan |linelength = 145.8 km in use |tracks = Single track |gauge = |electrification = 3000 V DC Overhead line |old_gauge = |speed = |minradius = 300 m | map_state = collapsed | map = [[Image:DPRK-Kangwon Line.png|300px]] | inline=1 | map= \\uCONTg@G!~lELC\\~~ ~~ P'yŏngra Line to Rajin uCONTg@Gq!~lELC\uABZq+r\uSTRq\uSTRq\uexSTR+l!uABZg+r\uexENDEeq\~ ~~ P'yŏngra Line to P'yŏngyang \uSTR\uKDSTaq\uSTRq\uABZg+r\\WORKS ~~ Electric locomotive shops ELCa\uSTR\\uSTR!~KBHFa\\0.0Kowŏn 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45 m) \\exHST\\152.6Kagok Closed exSTR ~~ ↑DPRK (P'yŏnggang-gun) xGRENZE ~~ DMZ exSTR ~~ ↓ROK (Ch'ŏrwŏn-gun) exHST162.6Wŏljŏngri Closed exBHF167.6Ch'ŏrwŏn Closed \exABZgl\exSTRq!~exlELC\exCONTfq ~~ former Kŭmgangsan Line exSTR!~uKHSTa171.3PaengmagojiSouth Korea since 1953 uHST176.9Sintalli uHST181.3Taegwangri uHST188.3Sinmangri uBHF191.9Ryŏnch'ŏn uBHF200.5Chŏn'gok uHST203.0Hant'an'gangNorth Korea until 1950 uSTR+GRZq ~~ 38th Parallel uBHF206.0Ch'osŏngri uCONTf@F ~~ Korail Kyŏngwŏn Line STRq Kangwon Line uSTRq ~~Other lines

|hangul=^강원선 |hanja=江原線

The Kangwŏn Line is a 145.8 km electrified standard-gauge trunk line of the Korean State Railway of North Korea, connecting Kowŏn on the P'yŏngra Line to P'yŏnggang, providing an east–west connection between the P'yŏngra and Ch'ŏngnyŏn Ich'ŏn lines.

Although the line continues south across the Korean Demilitarized Zone, it is non-operational south of P'yŏnggang.

The ruling gradient is 25‰, the minimum curve radius is 300 m; there are 94 bridges with a total length of 3,493 m, and 18 tunnels with a total length of 6,243 m. There are 23 stations on the line, with an average distance between stations of 6.5 km. Wŏnsan Station is the most important station on the line; in addition to its passenger infrastructure, locomotive and freight car maintenance facilities are located there.

On 5 August 2015, South Korean President Park Geun-hye attended a ceremony launching work on the reconstruction of the 9.3 km Baengmagoji–Woljeong-ri section of Korail's Gyeongwon Line, which has been closed since the Korean War, as part of events marking the 70th anniversary of the partition of Korea. The works are to begin in October and are expected to be finished by 2017; the US $129 million project is being funded by the Unification Ministry. Park also stated her hope that the remaining 2.4 km section across the DMZ would be rebuilt soon, which would re-establish the old Kyŏngwŏn Line connecting Seoul to Wŏnsan.

History

For the original line's history and other information prior to 1945, see Gyeongwon Line (1911–1945) ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Korean_War,_train_attack.jpg" caption="American aerial bombing of a station south of Wŏnsan in 1950."] ::

The Kangwŏn Line's Wŏnsan-P'yŏnggang section was opened, along with the rest of the Kyŏngwŏn Line from Seoul to Wŏnsan, on 16 August 1914 (the Wŏnsan−Ryongjiwŏn section was completed on 21 August 1913, Pokkye−Kŏmbullang on 25 September 1913, Kosan−Ryongjiwŏn on 21 October 1913, Kŏmbullang−Sep'o on 21 June 1914, and Sep'o−Kosan on 16 August 1914, forming an important east–west transversal line.

The Wŏnsan−Kowŏn section was built as part of the Hamgyŏng Line of the Chosen Government Railway (Sentetsu); this line ran on the routing of Wŏnsan−Kowŏn (now part of the Kangwŏn Line), Kowŏn−Ch'ŏngjin (now part of the P'yŏngra Line), and Ch'ŏngjin−Sangsambong (now part of the Hambuk Line). The Wŏnsan−Kowŏn section was completed in two parts: Wŏnsan−Ongp'yŏng (at the time called Munch'ŏn Station) on 1 August 1915, and Munch'ŏn−Kowŏn−Kŭmya on 21 July 1916; the Kowŏn−Kŭmya section is now part of the P'yŏngra Line.

The south end of what is now the Kangwŏn line was where the first railway electrification projects in Korea took place. The first of these was the privately owned Kŭmgangsan Electric Railway, which was first opened in 1924 from Ch'ŏrwŏn to Kimhwa, and by 1931 had been extended all the way to Naegŭmgang. Also in the 1930s, Sentetsu, together with the South Manchuria Railway, was developing plans to create an electrified railway all the way from Pusan in Korea to Xinjing, capital of Manchukuo. The first stage of this plan was the electrification of the Kyŏngwŏn, Kyŏnggyŏng and Kyŏngin lines, and in March 1940, the Imperial Diet budgeted 3.6 million Yen for electrification equipment for this plan. Electrification of the Pokkye−Kosan section of the Kyŏngwŏn line began in December 1940; it was completed and commissioned on 27 March 1944, and commercial electric operations commenced on 1 April 1944.

After the partition of Korea following the end of the Pacific War, the Kyŏngwŏn Line was split along the 38th parallel between the stations of Hantangang and Ch'osŏngri, and the Korean State Railway, established following the nationalisation of all railways in North Korea in 1946, merged the truncated Wŏnsan−Ch'osŏngri section of the Kyŏngwŏn Line with the Wŏnsan−Kowŏn section of the former Hamgyŏng Line to create the Kangwŏn Line. Following the end of the Korean War and the establishment of the Military Demarcation Line, the section south of Wŏljŏngri ended up in South Korea, where the Korean National Railroad reabsorbed it into the Kyŏngwŏn Line. The section from P'yŏnggang to Kagok has been closed since the end of the war, and since then the line has its current name, from the two termini: P'yŏnggang and Wŏnsan. The line was severely damaged during the Korean War, but was quickly repaired after the war. The Kowŏn−Sep'o Ch'ŏngnyŏn section of the line was electrified in September 1980, and the electrification of the Sep'o Ch'ŏngnyŏn−P'yŏnggang section was completed in early 1986.

Services

Freight

The Kangwŏn Line serves the ports at Wŏnsan and Munch'ŏn, and a number of industries including the smelter at Munch'ŏn and the May 18th Works; the primary goods received on the line are anthracite, zinc concentrates, coke, solvents etc., while the most important outbound goods include seafood and machinery. There is also a significant amount of through traffic on the line destined for points in North and South Hwanghae on the Ch'ŏngnyŏn Ich'ŏn line and beyond, such as coking coal imported from China for the Hwanghae Iron & Steel Complex, wood imported from Russia and chemical fertilisers produced in the Hamhŭng area. At Kalma is located the 4 June Rolling Stock Works, the DPRK's largest manufacturer of railway freight and passenger cars. A number of other important industries are located on the Wŏnsan Port Line, which connects to the Kangwŏn Line at Kalma.

Passenger

The following passenger trains are known to operate on this line:

  • Express trains 13/14, operating between P'yŏngyang and P'yŏnggang, run on this line between Kowŏn and P'yŏnggang;
  • Semi-express trains 117/118, operating between Taedonggang and P'yŏnggang, run on this line between Kowŏn and P'yŏnggang;
  • Semi-express trains 128-129-130/131-132-133, operating between Kalma and Rajin, run on this line between Kalma and Kowŏn.

In the 1980s, there was a passenger service operated between Sariwŏn and Hamhŭng which ran via the Ch'ŏngnyŏn Ich'ŏn line and the Sep'o-Kowon section of the Kangwŏn line and another between Wŏnsan and P'yŏnggang, but this train was not present in the 2002 passenger timetables.

Route

Mainline

Between Wŏnsan and Paehwa stations there is a bypass line under construction which will allow passenger trains to avoid passing through the primarily freight-only Kalma Station.

A yellow background in the "Distance" box indicates that section of the line is not electrified.

::data[format=table] | Distance (km) | Station Name | Former Name | Total | S2S | Transcribed | Chosŏn'gŭl (Hanja) | Transcribed | Chosŏn'gŭl (Hanja) | Connections (former) | Section past P'yŏnggang closed | Demilitarized Zone | Section south of Sintalli in use by Korail; in DPRK before the Korean War | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | 0.0 | 0.0 | Kowŏn | 고원 (高原) | | | P'yŏngra Line | | | | | | | | 7.5 | 7.5 | Chŏnt'an | 전탄 (前灘) | | | | | | | | | | | 12.1 | 4.6 | Ryongdam | 룡담 (龍潭) | | | Ch'ŏnnae Line | | | | | | | | 22.0 | 9.9 | Ongp'yŏng | 옥평 (玉坪) | Munch'ŏn | 문천 (文川) | Munch'ŏn Port Line | | | | | | | | 29.4 | 7.4 | Munch'ŏn | 문천 (文川) | Munp'yŏng | 문평 (文坪) | | | | | | | | | 36.5 | 7.1 | Segil | 세길 | | | Songdowŏn Line | | | | | | | | 42.0 | 5.5 | Wŏnsan | 원산 (元山) | | | Wŏnsan Hwamul Branch | | | | | | | | 46.1 | 4.1 | Kalma | 갈마 (葛麻) | | | Wŏnsan Port Line | | | | | | | | 52.8 | 6.7 | Paehwa | 배화 (培花) | | | | | | | | | | | 57.7 | 4.9 | Anbyŏn | 안변 (安邊) | | | Kŭmgangsan Ch. Line | | | | | | | | 64.1 | 6.4 | Namsan | 남산 (南山) | | | | | | | | | | | 73.5 | 9.4 | Kwangmyŏng | 광명 (光明) | Sŏg'wangsa | 석왕사 (釋王寺) | | | | | | | | | 81.6 | 8.1 | Ryongjiwŏn | 룡지원 (龍池院) | | | | | | | | | | | 88.1 | 6.5 | Kosan | 고산 (高山) | | | | | | | | | | | 97.4 | 9.3 | Tonggari | 동가리 (董家里) | | | | | | | | | | | 102.5 | 5.1 | Rakch'ŏn | 락천 (落川) | Sambang | 삼방 (三防) | Rakchon station | | | | | | | | 106.4 | 3.9 | Sambang | 삼방 (三防) | Sambanghyŏp | 삼방협 (三防峽) | | | | | | | | | 114.1 | 7.7 | Sep'o Ch'ŏngnyŏn | 세포청년 (洗浦靑年) | Sep'o | 세포 (洗浦) | Ch. Ich'ŏn Line | | | | | | | | 121.3 | 7.2 | Sŏngsan | 성산 (城山) | | | | | | | | | | | 126.3 | 5.0 | Kŏmbullang | 검불랑 (劍拂浪) | | | | | | | | | | | 131.1 | 4.8 | Ri'mok | 리목 (梨木) | | | | | | | | | | | 142.0 | 10.9 | Pokkye | 복계 (福溪) | | | | | | | | | | | 145.8 | 3.8 | P'yŏnggang | 평강 (平康) | | | | | | | | | | | 152.6 | 6.8 | Kagok | 가곡 (佳谷) | | | Closed | | | | | | | | 162.6 | 10.0 | Woljŏngri | 월정리 (月井里) | | | Closed | | | | | | | | 167.6 | 5.0 | Ch'ŏrwŏn | 철원 (鐵原) | | | Closed (Kŭmgangsan Line) | | | | | | | | 176.9 | 9.3 | Sintalli | 신탄리 (新炭里) | | | | | | | | | | | 181.3 | 4.4 | Taegwangri | 대광리 (大光里) | | | | | | | | | | | 191.9 | 10.3 | Ryŏnch'ŏn | 련천 (漣川) | | | | | | | | | | | 200.5 | 8.6 | Chŏn'gok | 전곡 (全谷) | | | | | | | | | | | 203.0 | 2.5 | Hant'an'gang | 한탄강 (漢灘江) | | | Prior to the Korean War, this was the terminus of the northern line. Reopened by KNR in 1975. | | | | | | | | 206.0 | 3.0 | Ch'osŏngri | 초성리 (哨城里) | | | Korail Gyeongwon Line Originally opened 5 October 1950 as a UN munitions facility. | | | | | | | ::

Wŏnsan Hwamul Branch

This is a short electrified branch to Wŏnsan Hwamul (Freight) Station, which is adjacent to the Kŭmgang Prime Mover Factory in Kalma-dong; the station has several tracks dedicated to serving the factory.

::data[format=table]

Distance (km)Station NameTotalS2STranscribedChosŏn'gŭl (Hanja)Connections
0.00.0Wŏnsan원산 (元山)Kangwŏn Line
Wŏnsan Hwamul원산화물 (元山貨物)
::

References

References

  1. Kokubu, Hayato. (January 2007). "将軍様の鉄道". Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō.
  2. "Kangwŏn Line".
  3. (7 August 2015). "South Korea to reinstate line to the DMZ".
  4. "경영원칙 > 경영공시 > 영업현황 > 영업거리현황". [[Korail]].
  5. 朝鮮総督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 669, 28 March 1929 (in Japanese)
  6. Japanese Government Railways. (1937). "鉄道停車場一覧 昭和12年10月1日現在". Kawaguchi Printing Company.
  7. "金剛山電気鉄道について".
  8. "松田新市三菱電機技師の戦中戦後の電気車設計".
  9. (22 June 2013). "デロイを探せ！（その43-1） 三菱電機技報（1942年1月号）におけるデロイ".
  10. (17 November 2011). "デロイを探せ！（その8）デロイ就役の経緯（年表）".
  11. (26 August 2012). "デロイを探せ！（その36） 戦後直後の韓国側における電化計画".
  12. "潮起潮落:【原创】朝鲜铁路机车车辆概况一览分页 第1页".
  13. Kokubu, Hayato. (January 2007). "将軍様の鉄道". Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō.

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