Kałuszyn

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title: "Kałuszyn" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["cities-and-towns-in-masovian-voivodeship", "mińsk-county", "historic-jewish-communities-in-poland"] topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kałuszyn" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

Field	Value
name	Kałuszyn
image_skyline	Church of the Assumption in Kałuszyn - 12.jpg
image_caption	Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
image_shield	POL Kałuszyn COA.svg
pushpin_map	Poland
pushpin_label_position	bottom
subdivision_type	Country
subdivision_name
subdivision_type1	Voivodeship
subdivision_name1	Masovian
subdivision_type2	County
subdivision_name2	Mińsk
subdivision_type3	Gmina
subdivision_name3	Kałuszyn
leader_title	Mayor
leader_name	Arkadiusz Czyżewski
established_title3	Town rights
established_date3	1718
area_total_km2	12.29
population_as_of	2006
population_total	2905
population_density_km2	auto
timezone	CET
utc_offset	+1
timezone_DST	CEST
utc_offset_DST	+2
coordinates
postal_code_type	Postal code
postal_code	05-310
area_code	+48 25
registration_plate	WM
blank_name_sec2	Highways
blank_info_sec2	[[File:A2-PL.svg
blank1_name_sec2	National roads
blank1_info_sec2	[[File:DK92-PL.svg
website	http://www.kaluszyn.pl
::

Transport

Kałuszyn lies close to the A2 motorway (E30). The motorway bypasses Kałuszyn to the south. Exits 37 and 38 of the A2 motorway serve the town

National Road 92 still goes right through the town.

The nearest railway station to the town is to the south in Mrozy. The Warsaw-Terespol railway passes through Mrozy.

History

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Złoty_Ułan_w_Kałuszynie_2.JPG" caption="Golden [[Uhlan]] statue"] ::

In the Middle Ages, a filial church of the Catholic parish in Grębków was built. In 1472, it was upgraded to a parish church. In the 17th century, a Jewish community was established. In 1718, Kałuszyn was granted town rights by King Augustus II the Strong thanks to efforts of local nobleman Opacki. Kałuszyn was a private town, owned by several noble families, including the houses of Opacki, Rudziński, Rożniecki and Zamoyski. Administratively it was located in the Liw County in the Masovian Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province.

The town was annexed by Austria in the Third Partition of Poland in 1795. Following the Austro–Polish War of 1809, it was regained by Poles and included within the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw. Following the duchy's dissolution in 1815, the town fell to the Russian Partition of Poland. Russian anti-Jewish repressions and laws resulted in an influx of Jews (see Pale of Settlement), and in the 19th century, the population was predominantly Jewish. In 1827, the town had a population of 1,826, During the January Uprising, on 5 August 1863, a skirmish between Polish insurgents and Russian soldiers took place there. Russian soldiers surrounded a Polish insurgent unit, but after a short battle the Poles managed to break through the encirclement and escape towards Podlachia. Following World War I, in 1918, Poland regained independence and control of the town.

The Jewish community numbered 6,419 (76% of the total population) in 1897; 5,033 (82%) in 1921; 7,256 (82%) in 1931; and approximately 6,500 on the eve of the Holocaust. Economic branches included the manufacture of pottery, flour mills, prayer shawl weaving and the fur trade.

At the beginning of World War II, on 11–12 September 1939, it was the site of the Battle of Kałuszyn between Poles and invading German troops. Poles won the battle, however the town soon fell under German occupation. Under Nazi German occupation, Jews were terrorized, robbed, and often kidnapped for forced labour. In 1940, a ghetto was established in Kałuszyn, and Jewish property was confiscated. Hundreds of Jews from surrounding communities were brought to the Kaluszyn ghetto, most with no possessions, money, or employment. Dozens, or perhaps hundreds, of Jews died in the ghetto of starvation and disease. In late summer 1942, many young Jews fled to the forests after hearing of the murders of the Jews of Warsaw and Mińsk Mazowiecki. In September 1942, assisted by the Polish police, and possibly other auxiliaries, the Germans assembled the Jews at the market square. One Polish manager, Sheradzinsky (the Berman plant), managed to free 30 of his employees from the assembly. Hundreds were murdered there and at the Jewish cemetery. The remaining Jews were taken by train to Treblinka where they were immediately murdered. A few managed to escape from the train.

Sports

The local football club is Victoria Kałuszyn. It competes in the lower leagues.

References

https://kaluszyn.pl/urzad/index.php/mieszkancy/aktualnosci-ka%C5%82uszyn/1660-otwarcie-autostrady-a2-na-odcinku-ka%C5%82uszyn-groszki.html
. (1882). "Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom III".
Dmowski, Rafał. (2015). "Powstanie listopadowe 1830–1831. Dzieje – historiografia – pamięć". [[Museum of Independence.
Zieliński, Stanisław. (1913). "Bitwy i potyczki 1863-1864. Na podstawie materyałów drukowanych i rękopiśmiennych Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu". Fundusz Wydawniczy [[Polish Museum, Rapperswil.
[http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/kaluszyn Jewish Virtual Library: Kalyszyn]
(2012). "Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos". University of Indiana Press.
[https://web.archive.org/web/20201020092214/https://holocaustarchives.cofc.edu/panels/popowski/fulltext.html The Holocaust Quilt]
[https://books.google.com/books?id=m62MAwAAQBAJ&dq=Kaluszyn+Jewish&pg=PT218 Three Minutes in Poland: Discovering a Lost World in a 1938 Family Film, Glenn Kurtz]
"Victoria Kałuszyn".

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