Johannite
Rare uranium sulfate mineral
title: "Johannite" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["copper(ii)-minerals", "uranium(vi)-minerals", "sulfate-minerals", "triclinic-minerals", "minerals-in-space-group-2"] description: "Rare uranium sulfate mineral" topic_path: "general/copper-ii-minerals" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannite" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary Rare uranium sulfate mineral ::
::data[format=table title="Infobox mineral"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | Johannite |
| category | Sulfate mineral |
| image | Johannit - Ronneburg.jpg |
| imagesize | 260px |
| formula | Cu[UO2(OH)SO4]2·8H2O |
| IMAsymbol | Jh |
| strunz | 7.EB.05 (10 ed) |
| VI/D.21-10 (8 ed) | |
| dana | 31.8.2.1 |
| system | Triclinic |
| class | Pinacoidal () |
| (same H-M symbol) | |
| symmetry | P |
| color | Emerald-green, apple-green |
| habit | Prismatic, tabular, coatings |
| twinning | Simple and repeated lamellar twinning |
| cleavage | good on {100} |
| mohs | 2 - 2.5 |
| luster | Vitreous |
| streak | Pale green |
| diaphaneity | Transparent, Translucent |
| gravity | 3.32, 3.27 (calc.) |
| density | 3.32 |
| opticalprop | Biaxial (+/-) |
| refractive | nα = 1.572 - 1.577 ; nβ = 1.592 - 1.597 ; nγ = 1.612 - 1.616 |
| birefringence | δ = 0.040 |
| pleochroism | strong: x= colorless; y= pale yellow; z= greenish yellow or canary-yellow |
| 2V | 90° |
| other | [[Image:Radioactive.svg |
| references | |
| :: |
| name = Johannite | category = Sulfate mineral | boxwidth = | boxbgcolor = | image = Johannit - Ronneburg.jpg | imagesize = 260px | alt = | caption = | formula = Cu[UO2(OH)SO4]2·8H2O | IMAsymbol = Jh | molweight = | strunz = 7.EB.05 (10 ed) VI/D.21-10 (8 ed) | dana = 31.8.2.1 | system = Triclinic | class = Pinacoidal () (same H-M symbol) | symmetry = P | color = Emerald-green, apple-green | colour = | habit = Prismatic, tabular, coatings | twinning = Simple and repeated lamellar twinning | cleavage = good on {100} | fracture = | tenacity = | mohs = 2 - 2.5 | luster = Vitreous | streak = Pale green | diaphaneity = Transparent, Translucent | gravity = 3.32, 3.27 (calc.) | density = 3.32 | polish = | opticalprop = Biaxial (+/-) | refractive = nα = 1.572 - 1.577 ; nβ = 1.592 - 1.597 ; nγ = 1.612 - 1.616 | birefringence = δ = 0.040 | pleochroism = strong: x= colorless; y= pale yellow; z= greenish yellow or canary-yellow | 2V = 90° | dispersion = | extinction = | length fast/slow = | fluorescence= | absorption = | melt = | fusibility = | diagnostic = | solubility = | other = [[Image:Radioactive.svg|25px]] Radioactive, Bitter taste | alteration = | references =
Johannite is a rare uranium sulfate mineral. It crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system with the chemical composition Cu[UO2(OH)SO4]2·8H2O. It crystallizes in the triclinic system and develops only small prism or thin to thick tabular crystals, usually occurs as flaky or spheroidal aggregates and efflorescent coatings. Its color is emerald-green to apple-green and its streak is pale green.
Johannite is a strong radioactive mineral with a calculated activity of 87,501,143 Bq/g (to the comparison: natural potassium: 31.2 Bq/g).
Etymology and history
Johannite was first described in 1830 by Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger. It was named for Archduke John of Austria (1782–1859), the founder of the Landesmuseum Joanneum (Styria, Austria).
Occurrence
Johannite forms as secondary mineral by oxidation from uraninite as well as different other uranium minerals.
Localities include Argentina, Czech Republic, France, Gabon, Germany, Greece, Italy, Switzerland, United Kingdom and the United States. Type locality is the “Elias Mine” in Jáchymov (Czech Republic).
Crystal structure
Johannite crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system in the space group P with the lattice parameters a = 8.92 Å, b = 9.59 Å, c = 6.84 Å; α = 110°, β = 111.98°, γ = 100.3° and one formula unit per unit cell.
References
Bibliography
- Palache, P.; Berman H.; Frondel, C. (1960). "Dana's System of Mineralogy, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. (Seventh Edition)" John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, pp. 606-607.
References
- Warr, L.N.. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine.
- [http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/johannite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy - Johannite]
- [http://www.mindat.org/min-2102.html Mindat - Johannite]
- [http://webmineral.com/data/Johannite.shtml Webmineral - Johannite]
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