Jimaní

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title: "Jimaní" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["populated-places-in-independencia-province", "municipalities-of-the-dominican-republic", "dominican-republic–haiti-border-crossings"] topic_path: "general/populated-places-in-independencia-province" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimaní" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

Field	Value
name	Jimaní
image_skyline	Jimani_Dominican_Republic_2.jpg
pushpin_map	Dominican Republic
pushpin_relief	1
coordinates
subdivision_type	Country
subdivision_name	Dominican Republic
subdivision_type1	Province
subdivision_name1	Independencia
established_title2	Municipality since
established_date2	1945
total_type	Total
area_footnotes
area_total_km2	472.5
elevation_footnotes
elevation_m	31
population_total	13752
population_as_of	2012
population_footnotes
population_density_km2	auto
population_urban	7155
blank_name	Distance to
– Santo Domingo
blank_info
280 km
blank1_name	Municipal Districts
blank1_info	2
blank2_name	Climate
blank2_info	BSh
::

Jimaní is the capital and the second largest city of the Independencia Province of the Dominican Republic. It serves as one of the two main border crossings to Haiti (with Dajabón), with a duty-free open-air marketplace operating on the border with Haiti. The town suffered damages in the flash flood of May 25, 2004, which killed many citizens during the night and washed away hundreds of homes.

History

The name "Ximani" is of native Taíno origin. Historian Rafael Leonidas Pérez y Pérez in his book "Annotations on the history of Jimaní", says that Ximani was a Cacique of the chieftainship of Xaragua who had control of the town that lied in the middle of the two lakes, Lake Enriquillo and Lake Azuei, as well as the pass that leads to Pic la Selle making it a strategical and important part of the island. The name "Ximaní" is recognized when the Spaniards signed a peace agreement with the natives through Enriquillo at "the Lagoon of Ximaní" in 1536.

Another version claims the name belongs to a French Count (Count of Jimaní). General Paul Decayette, the Conde de Jimani and member of the Court of Faustin Soulouque, invades through the north. He is confronted and beaten by the Dominican army in Sabana Larga near the town of Dajabón. The exact date was January 24, 1856. With this victory the Dominicans put an end to the 12 years Dominican-Haitian War, one of the longest wars of independence in the Western Hemisphere (though with intermissions). Pérez y Pérez clarifies however that this official, was called "of Jimani" because of him having owned that land, which was awarded to him during the expansion of the French occupation. The historian argues that the French did not occupy the west side of the island, particularly that territory, until the mid 18th century.

By the time of the Dominican War of Independence, Jimani was practically deserted with most of the fighting taking place in Neiba. After the independence of 1844 the earliest inhabitants of Jimaní came from various communities of the southwest, such as Neiba, Duvergé, El Estero, Las Salinas, Azua de Compostela, Santa Cruz de Barahona, and Haitian immigrants from the mountains that married or had common-law marriages with Dominicans, forming families in the most populous neighborhood of the community, known as Jimaní Viejo. By the 1930s Jimaní belonged to Neiba and in 1938 it became part of the commune of La Descubierta, forming a part of the Province of Baoruco.

On the 18 of March 1943, by means of the law number 229, Jimani was elevated to municipal district. On December 29, 1948, the province of Baoruco was split into two provinces, the west side receiving the name of Independence Province. On January 1, 1950, Jimani officially became the Capital of the new province Independencia.

Climate

Lying in a valley in the rain shadow of the northeast trade winds, Jimaní has a hot semi-arid climate with relatively constant temperatures throughout the course of the year. Annual rainfall is bimodal, peaking in May and October; the dry season occurs from December through February.

| width = auto | metric first = yes | single line = yes | location = Jimaní (1991–2020) | Jan high C = 32.4 | Feb high C = 33.0 | Mar high C = 33.5 | Apr high C = 34.3 | May high C = 34.0 | Jun high C = 35.1 | Jul high C = 36.1 | Aug high C = 36.3 | Sep high C = 35.5 | Oct high C = 34.4 | Nov high C = 33.2 | Dec high C = 32.6 | year high C = 34.2 | Jan mean C = 26.8 | Feb mean C = 27.3 | Mar mean C = 27.9 | Apr mean C = 28.8 | May mean C = 29.0 | Jun mean C = 30.0 | Jul mean C = 30.7 | Aug mean C = 30.8 | Sep mean C = 30.1 | Oct mean C = 29.2 | Nov mean C = 28.1 | Dec mean C = 27.1 | year mean C = 28.8 | Jan low C = 21.1 | Feb low C = 21.6 | Mar low C = 22.2 | Apr low C = 23.3 | May low C = 24.0 | Jun low C = 24.9 | Jul low C = 25.2 | Aug low C = 25.3 | Sep low C = 24.6 | Oct low C = 24.1 | Nov low C = 22.9 | Dec low C = 21.6 | year low C = 23.4 | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation mm = 13.5 | Feb precipitation mm = 26.4 | Mar precipitation mm = 59.4 | Apr precipitation mm = 82.6 | May precipitation mm = 118.0 | Jun precipitation mm = 40.5 | Jul precipitation mm = 34.6 | Aug precipitation mm = 60.1 | Sep precipitation mm = 83.9 | Oct precipitation mm = 116.2 | Nov precipitation mm = 63.8 | Dec precipitation mm = 21.3 | year precipitation mm = 720.1 | source 1 = NOAA{{cite web |url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/5.5/data/0-data/Region-4-WMO-Normals-9120/DominicanRepublic/CSV/Jimani_78480.csv |title = Jimani Climate Normals for 1991-2020 |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |format = CSV |access-date = 2 September 2024}}

|location = Jimaní (1971-2000) |temperature colour = pastel |metric first = yes |single line = yes |collapsed = yes |Jan record high C = 35.6 |Feb record high C = 36.0 |Mar record high C = 38.0 |Apr record high C = 37.6 |May record high C = 38.4 |Jun record high C = 39.2 |Jul record high C = 39.4 |Aug record high C = 39.8 |Sep record high C = 40.2 |Oct record high C = 38.4 |Nov record high C = 37.5 |Dec record high C = 35.0 |year record high C = 40.2 |Jan high C = 32.0 |Feb high C = 32.4 |Mar high C = 33.1 |Apr high C = 33.7 |May high C = 33.7 |Jun high C = 34.5 |Jul high C = 35.5 |Aug high C = 35.4 |Sep high C = 34.9 |Oct high C = 34.0 |Nov high C = 32.9 |Dec high C = 32.1 |year high C = |Jan mean C = 26.1 |Feb mean C = 26.4 |Mar mean C = 27.2 |Apr mean C = 27.9 |May mean C = 28.3 |Jun mean C = 29.2 |Jul mean C = 29.8 |Aug mean C = 29.7 |Sep mean C = 29.2 |Oct mean C = 28.5 |Nov mean C = 27.4 |Dec mean C = 26.2 |year mean C = |Jan low C = 20.1 |Feb low C = 20.5 |Mar low C = 21.3 |Apr low C = 22.2 |May low C = 22.9 |Jun low C = 23.9 |Jul low C = 24.0 |Aug low C = 24.0 |Sep low C = 23.6 |Oct low C = 23.0 |Nov low C = 21.9 |Dec low C = 20.4 |year low C = |Jan record low C = 13.8 |Feb record low C = 15.3 |Mar record low C = 16.8 |Apr record low C = 17.5 |May record low C = 18.6 |Jun record low C = 19.2 |Jul record low C = 19.2 |Aug record low C = 19.5 |Sep record low C = 19.0 |Oct record low C = 18.5 |Nov record low C = 15.6 |Dec record low C = 12.0 |year record low C = 12.0 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 16.7 |Feb rain mm = 31.3 |Mar rain mm = 54.1 |Apr rain mm = 83.1 |May rain mm = 128.5 |Jun rain mm = 42.7 |Jul rain mm = 24.2 |Aug rain mm = 57.0 |Sep rain mm = 93.1 |Oct rain mm = 95.1 |Nov rain mm = 57.9 |Dec rain mm = 16.2 |year rain mm = |unit rain days = 1.0 mm |Jan rain days = 2.0 |Feb rain days = 3.2 |Mar rain days = 5.1 |Apr rain days = 6.7 |May rain days = 8.6 |Jun rain days = 3.9 |Jul rain days = 3.2 |Aug rain days = 4.8 |Sep rain days = 6.8 |Oct rain days = 8.1 |Nov rain days = 4.8 |Dec rain days = 1.6 |year rain days = |Jan humidity = 64.0 |Feb humidity = 62.6 |Mar humidity = 61.8 |Apr humidity = 62.5 |May humidity = 66.2 |Jun humidity = 63.0 |Jul humidity = 59.8 |Aug humidity = 61.2 |Sep humidity = 64.3 |Oct humidity = 66.9 |Nov humidity = 67.9 |Dec humidity = 65.1 |year humidity = |Jan sun = 222.9 |Feb sun = 217.0 |Mar sun = 239.6 |Apr sun = 232.7 |May sun = 222.9 |Jun sun = 234.2 |Jul sun = 240.2 |Aug sun = 241.2 |Sep sun = 209.3 |Oct sun = 223.2 |Nov sun = 216.5 |Dec sun = 229.1 |year sun = |source 1 = ONAMET | url = http://onamet.gob.do/transparencia/index.php/datos-abiertos/category/825-acumulado-precipitacion?download=907:datos-climatologicos-normales-y-extremos-71-2000-estaciones-sinopticas-tercer-trimestre-2019-xlsx | title = Datos climatológicos normales y extremos 71-2000 estaciones Sinópticas - tercer trimestre 2019 | publisher = Oficina Nacional de Meteorología | language = es | access-date = 20 October 2020}} |location = Jimaní (1961-1990) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |collapsed = yes |temperature colour = pastel |Jan record high C = 37.0 |Feb record high C = 37.0 |Mar record high C = 38.0 |Apr record high C = 38.0 |May record high C = 38.0 |Jun record high C = 39.2 |Jul record high C = 39.5 |Aug record high C = 39.3 |Sep record high C = 39.8 |Oct record high C = 38.2 |Nov record high C = 37.5 |Dec record high C = 36.0 |year record high C = 39.8 |Jan high C = 32.0 |Feb high C = 32.5 |Mar high C = 33.4 |Apr high C = 33.8 |May high C = 33.7 |Jun high C = 34.2 |Jul high C = 35.3 |Aug high C = 35.2 |Sep high C = 34.9 |Oct high C = 33.9 |Nov high C = 33.0 |Dec high C = 32.2 |year high C = 33.7 |Jan mean C = 26.0 |Feb mean C = 26.4 |Mar mean C = 27.3 |Apr mean C = 27.9 |May mean C = 28.1 |Jun mean C = 28.9 |Jul mean C = 29.6 |Aug mean C = 29.4 |Sep mean C = 29.1 |Oct mean C = 28.3 |Nov mean C = 27.3 |Dec mean C = 26.2 |year mean C = 27.9 |Jan low C = 20.0 |Feb low C = 20.4 |Mar low C = 21.1 |Apr low C = 22.0 |May low C = 22.7 |Jun low C = 23.6 |Jul low C = 23.8 |Aug low C = 23.6 |Sep low C = 23.3 |Oct low C = 22.8 |Nov low C = 21.7 |Dec low C = 20.2 |year low C = 22.1 |Jan record low C = 15.0 |Feb record low C = 15.3 |Mar record low C = 16.8 |Apr record low C = 17.0 |May record low C = 18.6 |Jun record low C = 19.2 |Jul record low C = 18.0 |Aug record low C = 19.5 |Sep record low C = 19.0 |Oct record low C = 18.5 |Nov record low C = 15.6 |Dec record low C = 12.0 |year record low C = 12.0 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 18.3 |Feb rain mm = 23.4 |Mar rain mm = 41.2 |Apr rain mm = 86.9 |May rain mm = 141.7 |Jun rain mm = 45.0 |Jul rain mm = 23.6 |Aug rain mm = 61.3 |Sep rain mm = 94.0 |Oct rain mm = 122.8 |Nov rain mm = 52.1 |Dec rain mm = 18.6 |year rain mm = 728.9 |unit rain days = 1.0 mm |Jan rain days = 2.0 |Feb rain days = 2.5 |Mar rain days = 4.1 |Apr rain days = 7.0 |May rain days = 8.9 |Jun rain days = 4.5 |Jul rain days = 2.9 |Aug rain days = 4.6 |Sep rain days = 6.6 |Oct rain days = 8.7 |Nov rain days = 4.5 |Dec rain days = 1.5 |year rain days = 57.8 |Jan humidity = 63.6 |Feb humidity = 61.9 |Mar humidity = 60.3 |Apr humidity = 62.1 |May humidity = 65.9 |Jun humidity = 63.6 |Jul humidity = 60.3 |Aug humidity = 61.4 |Sep humidity = 64.0 |Oct humidity = 66.4 |Nov humidity = 67.1 |Dec humidity = 64.1 |year humidity = 63.4 |Jan sun = 239 |Feb sun = 233 |Mar sun = 257 |Apr sun = 251 |May sun = 239 |Jun sun = 254 |Jul sun = 259 |Aug sun = 262 |Sep sun = 226 |Oct sun = 242 |Nov sun = 231 |Dec sun = 246 |year sun = 2936 |source 1 = NOAA |source 2 = Acqweather (sun){{cite web | url = http://acqweather.com/Climatologia.htm | title = Normales Climatológicas | publisher = Acqweather | language = es | access-date = September 21, 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181123112101/http://acqweather.com/Climatologia.htm | archive-date = November 23, 2018 | url-status = dead |date=February 2015

Economy

Agriculture and commerce with Haiti represent the main economic activities of this municipality. In agriculture the main products are cassava, batata, melon, peppers, cilantro and tomatoes.

Jimaní has a popular duty-free open-air marketplace with Haiti that is also visited by people from adjoining towns and even from distant regions of the country. In this market, basic food products are sold, as well as foreign beverages, clothes, shoes, and new and used electrical appliances.

The customs zone of the border is called "The Door" and it is visited by foreign tourists that come to observe the dynamics of the business and intercultural and interracial relation between Dominicans and Haitians.

The municipal City Hall receives monthly RD$1,000,000 as mandated by the General Law of Budget, through the Dominican Municipal League. The authorities of the City Hall estimate the internal tax collection to be about $15,000 monthly.

The municipal districts El Limón and Boca de Cachón receive monthly $500,000 each one, from the transfer ordered by the law through the Dominican Municipal League.

There are two financial institutions in Jimaní. A branch office of the Reserve Bank and a branch office of the Cooperative of Savings and Credit of Neiba (Coopacrene).

Education

There are six basic schools with two daily schedules and four public high schools, three of them for adults.

Health

The municipality has a municipal hospital and four rural clinics or hospitals. The majority of the Jimanisenses prefer to seek medical attention in the Regional University Hospital Jaime Mota of Barahona.

Culture and religion

Jimaní is mostly Catholic. Local holidays are celebrated March 19, in honor of their Saint San José. A carnival is being added to the Patronal Feast, to expand the celebration. Also being instituted is the celebration of a Cultural Week each year, in memory of the flood that destroyed a big part of the population in May 2004.

As a historic-cultural monument, Jimaní conserves intact and conditioned the "Mansion of Trujillo", one of many the dictator built in the border region, although he never spent the night in this particular one.

Public works

Local governments have carried out different works for the community, such as the reconstruction and restructuring of the municipal cemetery, the reconstruction of street gutters, rehabilitation of electric lighting in the urban area and in the sector of Tierra Nueva. There are also ongoing projects to enlarge the aqueduct network for the neighborhoods of La Cu and El Cerro.

Organizations

In Jimaní there are several community associations. For example, in each of the towns that conform the municipality there is an Association of Farmers as well as an Association of Mothers.

There is also a Lions Club, the Association of Minibuses Jimaní-Barahona, a committee that represents the Association of "Jimanisenses" in Massachusetts, US, a technical team of World Vision, Fundasur (Foundation of the South) and Conani (the National Council for Childhood and Adolescence).

References

"Division-Territorial-2015.pdf".
(November 23, 2021). "The French and Haitian Invasions of the Dominican Territory".
Censo 2012 de Población y Vivienda, [http://one.gob.do/ Oficina Nacional de Estadistica]
"Tu municipo en cifras, Jimaní". Oficina Nacional de Estadistica.
De la Fuente, Santiago. (1976). "Geografía Dominicana". Editora Colegial Quisqueyana.
(May 28, 2004). "Grief as Haitians and Dominicans Tally Flood Toll". New York Times.
"Jimaní Climate Normals 1961–1990". [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]].

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