Jacques Singer

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American conductor (1910–1980)

title: "Jacques Singer" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["1910-births", "1980-deaths", "american-male-conductors-(music)", "american-people-of-polish-jewish-descent", "polish-emigrants-to-the-united-states", "jewish-american-musicians", "jews-from-galicia-(eastern-europe)", "juilliard-school-alumni", "curtis-institute-of-music-alumni", "20th-century-american-conductors-(music)", "20th-century-american-male-musicians", "20th-century-american-classical-violinists", "american-male-classical-violinists", "musicians-of-the-philadelphia-orchestra", "music-directors-of-the-dallas-symphony-orchestra", "music-directors-of-the-oregon-symphony", "music-directors-of-the-vancouver-symphony-orchestra", "20th-century-american-jews"] description: "American conductor (1910–1980)" topic_path: "arts" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Singer" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary American conductor (1910–1980) ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox person"]

FieldValue
nameJacques Singer
image
birth_nameJakob Singer
birth_date
birth_placePrzemyśl, Poland
death_date
death_placeManhattan, New York, U.S.
educationCurtis
Juilliard
occupationViolinist
Orchestra conductor
University music educator
years_active1925–1980
employerAs violinistPhiladelphia OrchestraAs conductorDallas Symphony
Vancouver Symphony
Corpus Christi Symphony
Oregon SymphonyAs educatorNorthern Illinois University
spouseLeslie Wright
children5 (1 deceased), including Marc Singer and Lori Singer
::

| honorific_prefix = | name = Jacques Singer | honorific_suffix = | image = | image_upright = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Jakob Singer | birth_date = | birth_place = Przemyśl, Poland | death_date = | death_place = Manhattan, New York, U.S. | death_cause = | education = Curtis Juilliard | occupation = Violinist Orchestra conductor University music educator | years_active = 1925–1980 | employer = As violinistPhiladelphia OrchestraAs conductorDallas Symphony Vancouver Symphony Corpus Christi Symphony Oregon SymphonyAs educatorNorthern Illinois University | spouse = Leslie Wright | children = 5 (1 deceased), including Marc Singer and Lori Singer

Jacques Singer (May 9, 1910 – August 11, 1980) was an American virtuoso violinist, symphony orchestra conductor, and music educator who flourished from about 1925 until a few months before his death in 1980.

Career

Education

Jakob Singer was born in Przemyśl, Austria-Hungary (present-day Poland). He trained in the violin from an early age. He began to give concerts in Poland at age seven. In 1920, his family moved to the United States, settling in Jersey City. Before making any sort of official American debut, Singer, as a teenager, had been playing recitals, in one case, at a Columbia University student social gathering at Earl Hall.

In 1923, Singer became a scholarship violin student of Leopold Auer and his associate, Jacob Mestechkin (1880–1953). He made his American debut in New York the evening of February 11, 1925 at Town Hall performing (in solo) Bach's G-minor Fugue; then with pianist , Paganini's D major concerto; then with Schultze and violinist Jacob Mestechkin (his teacher), Christian Sinding's Serenade for two violins and piano.

Singer attended the Curtis Institute of Music on a scholarship in 1926 – in the third year after the institute was founded. While there, he studied with Carl Flesch. Curtis did not issue diplomas during its first ten years. Singer was in "The Students' Orchestra for Curtis" 1926–1927 season. Leopold Stokowski was conductor.

Singer began attending the Juilliard School in 1927, studying with Leopold Auer, Paul Kochanski, and Rubin Goldmark. Singer was also a violinist with the Juilliard Graduate School String Orchestra; Albert Stoessel was the conductor. Singer graduated from Juilliard in 1930.

Philadelphia Orchestra

While at Juilliard, Singer became a violinist with the Philadelphia Orchestra at age eighteen, their youngest member at the time. Leopold Stokowski took an interest in him and requested he conduct a contemporary piece at one of the rehearsals in 1935.

From watching Stokowski, he picked up several of the maestro's practices: conducting without baton (or score at times), making instructional comments to an audience, and stopping performances during disturbances. These he employed as conductor of the orchestra's youth orchestra in 1936.

Philadelphia Youth Orchestra

In 1936, Singer reorganized and began conducting the Philadelphia Youth Orchestra. The orchestra had been founded in 1934 by Stokowski and, before Singer, was conducted by Sylvan Levin. The orchestra, at that time, was composed of musicians from ages 13 to 25.

Dallas Symphony: 1938–1942

With a recommendation from Stokowski, Singer made his conducting debut with the Dallas Symphony Orchestra on February 1, 1938. He remained with that orchestra until 1942. Audience reaction to his style and personality was positive, the symphony budget doubled, and subscriptions tripled. While there, as reported by Time magazine, Singer became engaged in a feud with critic John ("Rosy") Rosenfield (born Max John Rosenfield Jr.; 1900–1966) of The Dallas Morning News.

Rosenfield lauded Singer early on, but soon turned against him. Singer became angry enough to print handbills and make speeches defending himself during concert intermissions.

In spring 1951, Rosenfield published an article in the Southwest Review refuting that a feud transpired, or, rather, that *Time'''s depiction of his criticism was, on balance, overblown, considering the critical acclaim on Singer that he published in *The Dallas Morning News.''

World War II

By the 1942–43 season, most of the Dallas Symphony Orchestra's musicians were enlisted in the armed services.

During World War II Singer served as a private in the U.S. Army. He saw active service and received three battle stars for New Guinea, Bataan, and Corregidor. He conducted army band concerts, including the first concert given after the liberation of Corregidor.

New Orleans Summer Concerts: 1946

In 1946, he conducted 28 concerts in eight weeks for the summer New Orleans Pops Concerts.

Vancouver Symphony: 1947–1951

A guest conducting engagement with the Vancouver Symphony Orchestra led to his appointment as a conductor of that orchestra from 1947 to 1951. Singer, an advocate of contemporary music by established and emerging composers has been chronicled favorably by musicologists for programing works, including a March 1948 performance by the VSO of Walter Piston's Prelude and Fugue for Orchestra, commissioned in 1934 by the League of Composers.

The First Symposium of Canadian Contemporary Music was held in Vancouver March 12–15, 1950, at the Hotel Vancouver and the Denman Auditorium under the sponsorship of the Vancouver Symphony Society and the Community Arts Council of Vancouver. Singer was the initiator and music director of the Symposium. Alec Walton was chairman of the symposium. The event featured four days of performances of works by 33 Canadian composers, including:

There are differing explations for Singer's departure from the VSO – one being that he resigned from the symphony over a disagreement with the board over the $19,000 budget deficit (the board wanted a shortened season). Another explanation, offered by musicologist Elaine Keillor, was that the VSO fired Singer over circumstances directly linked to his promotion of contemporary music.

Selected performances

American composer David Diamond's Violin Concerto No. 2 was premiered on February 29, 1948, by Dorotha Powers, with Singer conducting the VSO. Difficulties with the estate of Arthur W. Percival, Dorotha Powers' husband, prevented further performances of the work for the next 43 years – until May 6, 1991 – when Gerard Schwarz arranged for its second performance, billed as a U.S. première. Percival commissioned the work for his wife through an arrangement with conductor Artur Rodzinski.

On November 27, 1948, Singer, conducting the VSO, premiered Wallingford Riegger's "Evocation."

British Columbia Philharmonic: 1951

Singer next founded a rival orchestra, the British Columbia Philharmonic. At the first concert, Victoria Symphony Orchestra's conductor Hans Gruber called the orchestra unprepared and the chorus incompetent, referring to a performance of Beethoven's Symphony No. 9.

Broadway: 1951–1952

On Broadway, from December 19, 1951, through April 13, 1952, at the old Ziegfeld Theatre, Singer conducted a production of two Cleopatras, consisting of two plays presented with live music on alternating nights for 133 performances; the first for 67 performances – George Bernard Shaw's Caesar and Cleopatra; and the second for 66 performances – Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra. Both plays starred Vivien Leigh and Laurence Olivier. The music was composed by Herbert Menges. Igor Stravinsky, who reportedly attended on opening night, remarked that the pit orchestra sounded like a symphony.

Israel: 1952

In 1952, Singer guest-conducted the Israel Philharmonic, the Jerusalem Radio Orchestra, and the Haifa Symphony (he). This included the first concert in Nazareth for the Haifa Symphony.

Corpus Christi Symphony Orchestra: 1954–1962

The Corpus Christi Symphony Orchestra was established in 1945 by C. Burdette "Bud" Wolfe (1904–1974), who became its first conductor; Rabbi Sidney Abraham Wolf (1906–1983); and six others. Nine years after its founding, Singer became the conductor, conducting his first concert on October 18, 1954. As a marker for the scope of the CCSO, its 1956–1957 budget was $53,000. Singer served as conductor there from 1954 to 1962.

Guest conducting

On March 25, 1956, Singer guest-conducted the closing season concert of the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra, to critical acclaim.

On January 26, 1958, Singer guest conducted the Havana Philharmonic Orchestra (ru) (Orquesta Filarmónica de la Habana), performing Paul Csonka's Violin Concerto No. 2. The violin soloist, Ángel Reyes, was, at the time, on the faculty at the Northwestern University School of Music. The orchestra, with Singer conducting, also performed Sibelius' Symphony No. 1 and works by Chausson.

Beginning around April 1958, Singer, as visiting conductor, led the Buenos Aires Philharmonic at the Colon Theater in Argentina. Reviews of a concert on June 22, 1958, by two Buenos Aires newspapers, Democracia and La Prensa lauded Singer's artistic accomplishments (after working two months with the orchestra). One critic referred to Singer as a miracle worker.

In 1961, Singer spent a month with the Venezuela Symphony Orchestra, culminating in 4 concerts, the first on April 29. The concerts received critical acclaim.

Oregon Symphony: 1962–1972

Singer debuted with the Oregon Symphony – then the Portland Symphony Orchestra – as a guest conductor in February 1962. Critics gave Singer favorable reviews. Martin Clark (born Martin Hooper Clark; 1920–1983) of the Oregon Journal, wrote, "Never has the orchestra been more responsive to a baton."

Singer had signed on with Corpus Christi for an additional three years when he was hired as the permanent conductor and music director of the Oregon Symphony in April 1962. He served there from 1962 to 1972. In his first season (1962–63), the orchestra performed 47 weeks of concerts – the second most by an orchestra of its size in the United States. Singer changed the scope of the orchestra. Specifically, under Singer, the musicians secured full-time contracts, the orchestra began a series of tours throughout the state of Oregon, and in 1967, the name changed from the Portland Symphany Orchestra to the Oregon Symphony Orchestra.

Early in his tenure, Singer requested the concertmaster's violin to demonstrate a passage. Tubaist John Richards (né John Keil Richards; 1918–2011) recounted the incident: "He tucked it under his chin and played four or five bars to show what he wanted. The rest of the string section sat openmouthed at how well he could play."

Singer proved to be a temperamental conductor there as recounted by a violinist in The Oregonian. In rehearsal one day, Singer told the tubaist John Richards, "I can't hear you". On the next run-through, Richards blasted the note louder. "Still can't hear you", said Singer. The next time, Richards blew the tuba with both lungs. "I still can't hear you", said Singer. Richards was getting angry by now, but Singer chose this moment to tie a white handkerchief onto his baton with which he waved a flag of surrender.

Singer, throughout his career, was an exponent of new music from established and emerging composers, which, in programming, he had to carefully balance, particularly with orchestras whose benefactors and patrons yearned for the classics. Singer, with the Oregon Symphony, performed many contemporary works that won favorable reviews, including a 1969 performance of Paul Creston's tone poem, Corinthians XIII, Op. 82, composed in 1963.

Singer ultimately left the orchestra he had built, over a controversy that divided the organization. His attempt to bring in a new concertmaster led to a stand-off between the union and the artistic freedom of a conductor. The concertmaster that Singer wanted replaced – Hugh Winchester Ewart (1924–2017), who had held the position since 1950 – was, in 1973, pressured to surrender his chair, and he declined a demotion offer to become associate concertmaster. Soon thereafter, still in 1973, a new concertmaster, Michael Foxman, was appointed. The upshot of Singer's exit related to disagreements over artistic freedom and a rift with some of the musicians. Singer believed in artistry over rules and regulations. Quality, reportedly, ruled his artistic domain. His contract with the Oregon Symphony extended through April 1973, though he did not conduct during the 1972–73 season.

Selected performances

March 18, 1963

Robert Russell Bennett, composer

Concerto for Violin, Piano, and Orchestra, premiere

Benno and Sylvia Rabinof, soloists}}

Guest conducting

On September 24, 1962, before starting as artistic director of the Oregon Symphony, Singer made his London debut conducting the London Philharmonic at Royal Festival Hall, which included guest pianist Rudolf Firkušný. The performance won Singer and Firkušný eight curtain calls and a music critic from London's Daily Telegraph declared it a "personal triumph" for Singer.

On December 8, 1964, Singer flew from Portland to New York to conduct members of American Symphony Orchestra at Lincoln Center's Philharmic Hall in a program that featured violinist Ruggiero Ricci performing his third of four concerts in a span of 30 days under a different conductor each time, showcasing great masterpieces of violin concerto repertoire – 15 concertos in all: December 8, 1964, Jacques Singer, conductor

Paganini Violin Concerto No. 1

Stravinsky Violin Concerto

Brahms Violin Concerto}} Ricci, November 8 and 9, 1965, reunited with Singer in Portland, with the Oregon Symphony, and performed the Paganini, Stravinsky, and Brahms concertos.

On April 17, 1970, Singer debuted with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra at Royal Festival Hall as guest conductor of a program that included a London debut of a piano concerto by Richard Yardumian, performed by Jeffrey Siegel.

On January 11, 1972, Singer conducted the Honolulu Symphony featuring pianist John Browning. In early June 1972, Singer conducted the Orchestre de la Suisse Romande in Geneva, to critical acclaim, featuring works of Beethoven, Prokofiev, and Rachmaninoff (Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini, Giuseppe La Licata at the piano). The concert was broadcast countrywide.

On June 18, 1972, and again on January 18 & 21, 1973, he guest-conducted the Venezuela Symphony Orchestra. The June 18 concert included the Venezuela premier of Shostakovich's Symphony No. 12.

Naumburg Orchestral Concerts in Central Park: 1974–1979

Singer moved to New York. During those years, part-time, he conducted the Naumburg Orchestral Concerts for six summer seasons (1974–79), in the Naumburg Bandshell, Central Park, in the summer series.

Programs

|July 4, 1974, 7:30

Robert Sylvester, cello soloist

Schubert

Herbert

Dvořák

|August 3, 1975, 5 to 7:30

Leslie N. Parnas, cello soloist

|August 1, 1976, 5 to 7:30 , broadcast on WNYC-FM

Yong Uck Kim (born 1947) violin soloist

Saint-Saëns, Violin Concerto No. 3 in B Minor

Ben Franklin, Ben Franklin Suite, arranged by Alan Shulman

Mozart, Symphony No. 41, the Jupiter Symphony

|July 31, 1977, 5 to 7:30 , broadcast on WNYC-FM

Hamao Fujiwara (born 1947), violin soloist

Rossini, "Overture": La gazza ladra

Gid Waldrop, "Rancher's whistling Song," From the Southwest (suite)

Glazounov, Concerto in A Minor, Op. 82

Saint-Saëns, Introduction and Rondo Capriccioso, Op. 28

Dvorák, Symphony No. 8 in G Major, Op. 88

(Gideon William Waldrop Jr.; 1917–2000, was, among other things, Dean of the Juilliard School from 1963 to 1986 and President of the Manhattan School of Music from 1986 to 1989)

|July 30, 1978, 5 to 7:30

Leslie N. Parnas, cello soloist

Bernstein, Overture, from Candide

Beethoven, Symphony No. 7 in A Major

Haydn, Cello Concerto in D Major

Rimsky-Korsakov, Capriccio Espagnol, Op. 34

|August 2, 1979, 8:00 , broadcast on WNYC-FM

Joseph Fuchs, violin soloist

Beethoven, Symphony No. 5

Mendelssohn, Violin Concerto

Shostakovich, Festival Overture}}

Northern Illinois University: 1977–1980

Singer became an artist in residence at Northern Illinois University, and from 1977 until shortly before his death in 1980, he conducted the Northern Illinois University Philharmonic. Singer's wife, Leslie, an accomplished pianist, left the Juilliard staff 1978 to take over the piano classes of Reynolds Whitney (1919–1978), a member of the NIU music faculty since 1948 who died January 2, 1978.

Guest conducting

In 1974, Jacques Singer guest-conducted the Cosmopolitan Symphony, a New York City youth orchestra founded in 1963. He enjoyed encouraging young artists, and delighted in guest conducting rehearsals or concerts of the New York conservatories, which included those of Juilliard and the Manhattan School of Music, as well as high school musicians, which included his daughter Lori.

Death

Jacques Singer died August 11, 1980, at his home in Manhattan, New York, aged 70.

Family

Jakob Singer was one of three children born to Meyer Singer (aka Mark Eli Singer; 1877–1922) and Rachella Bach (1881–1937). Meyer, Rachella (later known as "Rose" or "Rosie"), and their three children immigrated to the United States, sailing from Bremen on October 21, 1920, aboard the USS Susquehanna, and arriving in the Port of New York November 4, 1920. According to the ship's manifest, their nearest relative, Elias Singer (Jakob's grandfather), was residing in Jersey City. The manifest listed Meyer Singer's occupation as "chanter".

Sometime after the death of Meyer Singer in 1922, Jakob, his mother, and his younger sister, Bronja, lived with Jacques' uncle and aunt, Solomon Singer (1892–1970) and Ruth Singer (1905–1968) along with Solomon and Ruth's son, Nobert Dave Singer (born 1929) and a cousin, Emanuel B. Bach (born around 1900). Their address in 1930 was 283 York Street, Jersey City, across the street from Van Vorst Park.

Jacques Singer became a naturalized citizen sometime between 1920 and 1930 in Philadelphia.

On January 28, 1946, in New York City Jacques married Leslie Wright (born 1924), a Texas piano virtuoso and pedagogue who, in the early 1940s, studied at the University of North Texas College of Music with Silvio Scionti and in the latter 1940s, in New York with Sidney Foster (né Sidney Earl Finkelstein; 1917–1977).

Foster was a friend of Jacques who, on October 29, 1939, married Jacques' sister, Bessie (née Bronja Singer; 1916–2016), also a pianist and later longtime music professor at Indiana University Bloomington's Jacobs School of Music. Sidney Foster and Bronja Singer both graduated from the Curtis Institute of Music on May 17, 1938, with Diplomas in Piano.

Jacques and Leslie had four children: Claude, Marc, Lori, and Gregory. Lori and Gregory are twins. Marc and Lori are actors. Claude is a brand strategist in New York City. Gregory, a Juilliard graduate, is a prolific violinist, conductor, and pedagogue, is the music director of the Manhattan Symphonie, which he founded in 2005.

Jacques Singer's nephew once removed, Bryan, is a prolific film producer/director. He was adopted and raised by Nobert Dave Singer (born 1929) and Grace L. Sinden (née Weinstein; born 1933), who were married to each other between 1954 and 1977. Nobert's father, Solomon Singer (1892–1970) (Jacques' uncle), was a concert violinist, conductor, and violin teacher. Jacques and Leslie had a fifth child, a son, who died at birth in Dallas, April 1, 1950.

Awards

| before=Larry Livingston Director of Instrumental Activities Conductor, NIU Symphony Orchestra | title=Northern Illinois University College of Visual and Performing Arts Conductor, Philharmonic Orchestra | years=1977–1980 Artist in Residence

(also Instructor of Violin) | after=Carl Walter Roskott Conductor, NIU Philharmonic 1980–1989

Discography and extant recordings

Very few recordings of Singer exist. Some extant tapes, however, are archived in various music libraries of institutions where Singer conducted. |Ruggiero Ricci; Lalo |Fantaisie Norvégienne in A Major |Allegretto non troppo |Andante |Allegro}} Orchestra of the Americas, Singer, conductor}} |Concerto Russe in G Minor, Op. 29 |Prelude-Allegro (Andante) |Chanto Russe (Lento) |Intermezzo (Allegro non troppo) |Introduction - Chanto Russe (Andante)}} Orchestra of the Americas, Singer, conductor}} |Concerto in F Major, Op. 20 |Andante |Andantino (Romance) |Allegro con fuoco}} Orchestra of the Americas, Singer, conductor}} |Guitare in B Minor, Op. 28

Zagreb Philharmonic Orchestra

T Woytowicz, conductor}} Ruggiero Ricci, violin

Édouard Lalo, composer

One-Eleven, Ltd. (Hong Kong)

EPR-95040 (catalog no.) (CD)

(EPR Essential Performance Reference)

(released July 1, 1997)

|Indiana University Philharmonic Orchestra Jacques Singer, guest conductor

February 8, 1972

3 audiotape reels: analog

|Beethoven Symphony No. 3 in E-Flat Major, Op. 55 ("Eroica") |Allegro con brio (E♭ major) |Marcia funebre: Adagio assai (C minor) |Scherzo: Allegro vivace (E♭ major) |Finale: Allegro molto (E♭ major)}} |Mussorgsky, orchestrated by Ravel

Pictures at an Exhibition}}

References

  1. "Notable Events and Performers".
  2. The Bach Fuque cited in Singer's [[The Town Hall (New York City). Town Hall]] concert was likely [[Johann Sebastian Bach. Bach's]] [[List of chamber music works by Johann Sebastian Bach#Other works for accompanied violin (BWV 1020–1026). Fugue in G minor for violin and harpsichord, BWV 1026]]
  3. Singer said, perhaps in jest, that his family [[Anglicized]] their surname, Spiewakowski, before they realized how much Spiewakowski sounds like Stokowski. "Jacques" is a professional refinement of Jack, by which he was known in America. Singer started using the name Jacques as a violinist. Śpiewak is Polish for "Singer." The suffix "owski" has a possessive meaning ''(i.e.,'' :Śpiewakowski" translates to "of the Śpiewak family"). Kuba is a Polish diminutive of Jakub. ''([[Dallas Morning News]],'' December 23, 1937)
  4. [http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,813992,00.html "The Press: Mr. Culture"], ''[[Time (magazine). Time]]'' (magazine), December 4, 1950
  5. 795177888
  6. "Making "Good Music: The Oregon Symphony and Music Director Jacques Singer, 1962–1971" by Genevieve J. Long, ''[[Oregon Historical Quarterly]]'', Vol. 109, No. 1, Spring 2008, pp. 60–87 {{JSTOR. 20615824; {{ISSN. 0030-4727; {{OCLC. 5542743613
  7. ''The New York Times Book of Broadway: On the Aisle for the Unforgettable Plays of the Last Century'' (1st ed.), by [[Ben Brantley]], [[St. Martin's Press]] (2001); {{OCLC
  8. 915853400
  9. "Jacques Singer of Vancouver" by Fred Kaufman, ''[[Canadian Business]]'', January 1950, p. 86
  10. "Symposium," by [[Harry Adaskin]], ''Saturday Night'', April 11, 1950; {{ISSN. 0036-4975
  11. "To the President, A Challenge" by Jacques Singer, ''Saturday Night'', August 15, 1950; {{ISSN. 0036-4975
  12. "Moment of Fame; Or, Unaccustomed As I Am" by John Rosenfield, ''[[Southwest Review]]'', Vol. 36, No. 2, Spring 1951, pp. viii, x–xi, 141–144; {{ISSN. 0038-4712, {{JSTOR. 43463659)
  13. New York]]'', Vol. 7, No. 26, July 1, 1974, p. 27
  14. ''[https://archive.org/stream/recitalprograms1926curt#page/n215/mode/2up/search/singer Recital Programs: 1925–1926],'' [[Curtis Institute of Music]] (1926), pps. 164, 166, 200, 221
  15. [https://archive.org/stream/recitalprograms1974curt#page/n67/mode/2up "Sidney Foster"] (solo recital program notes), Distinguished Alumni Series, [[Curtis Institute of Music]], November 13, 1974, p. 68
  16. [https://archive.org/stream/recitalprograms1938curt#page/n279/mode/2up "Fifth Commencement and Conferring of Degrees,"] [[Curtis Institute of Music]], May 17, 1938, p. 5
    Sidney E. Finkelstein (Diploma in Piano)
    Bronja Singer (Diploma in Piano)
  17. DMA]] (born 1954), Publisher: [[ABC-CLIO]]; [[Imprint (trade name). Imprint]]: [[Greenwood Publishing Group]] (1994), pp. 37, 98, 118; {{OCLC. 729021344. 939716437; {{ISBN. DMA]] thesis on [[Paul Creston]] while at the Conservatory of Music and Dance at the [[University of Missouri–Kansas City]]
  18. [https://archive.org/stream/clairereisadvoca00thom#page/n159/mode/2up/search/%22jacques+singer%22 "Claire Reis: Advocate for Contemporary Music"] ([[PhD]] dissertation), Penny Thomas, [[University of Florida]] (1991), p. 154; {{OCLC. 851377092
  19. [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/first-symposium-of-canadian-contemporary-music-emc/ "First Symposium of Canadian Contemporary Music,"] Canadian Encyclopedia (retrieved December 14, 2017)
  20. [https://books.google.com/books?id=NuAKAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Leonard+Basham%22 "Music Symposium in Vancouver Thronged,"] ''[[Musical Courier]]'', Vol. 141, April 15, 1950, p. 45 (p. 177)
  21. [http://search-bcarchives.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/first-symposium-of-canadian-music-programme "First Symposium of Canadian Music programme,"] [[Royal British Columbia Museum]] Archives, Ref. code: MS-2768A.5.8
      1. 426044520; {{ISBN. 9780773530126. 9780773574762
  23. ''Who is Who in Music: A Complete Presentation of the Contemporary Musical Scene, With a Master Record Catalogue'' (1951 ed.), Lee Stern, Chicago: Lee Stern Press (1951), p. 382; {{OCLC. 1355515. 6052459
  24. [https://ttu-ir.tdl.org/ttu-ir/bitstream/handle/2346/19311/31295005629505.pdf "The Life and Work of Robert Russell Bennett"] ([[PhD]] dissertation), by Roy Benton Hawkins, [[Texas Tech University]] (1989), pps. 143–144; {{OCLC. 38049691. 797948068
  25. [https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K343-ZCS "Texas Deaths, 1890–1976"] (database), [[FamilySearch]], Name: "Singer" (male), [[Birthday. DOB]] & [[Date of death. DOD]]: April 1, 1950; citing Death, [[Dallas, Texas. Dallas]], [[Dallas County, Texas. FHL]] microfilm (GS No.) 2074336
    Digital Folder No. 005145448
    Image No. 01344
    Note: The [[Family History Library
  26. Port of New York]]; Ship name: [[USS Susquehanna (ID-3016). USS Susquehanna]], [[NARA]] microfilm publication T715 and M237 (Washington D.C.)
  27. "[[1930 United States census. 1930 US Census]]" (database with images), April 8, 1930, [[FamilySearch]], Name: [https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:X462-7VV "Solomon Singer;" Location: "Jersey City,"] [[Enumeration district
  28. The Music of Wallingford Riegger," by Richard F. Goldman, ''[[The Musical Quarterly]],'' Vol. 36, No. 1, January 1950, pps. 39–61 (retrieved December 18, 2017, {{JSTOR. 739751
      1. 976836126
  30. "Ruggiero Ricci; Lalo" (record review), by Steven J. Haller, ''[[American Record Guide]];'' Vol. 60, No. 5, September/October 1997, p. 158; {{ISSN. 0003-0716
  31. Antony and Cleopatra (theatre program), Ziegfeld Theatre, Laurence Olivier Productions, Ltd. (1951); {{OCLC. 327655327
  32. "Symphony Conductor Is Spiewakowski," ''[[Dallas Morning News]]'', December 23, 1937, p. 10
  33. "Symphony Matter Now Up To Music Lovers," by John Rosenfield, ''[[Dallas Morning News]],'' September 23, 1942
  34. "Singer Back in Dallas Returns to Civilian Life" by Marynell Sharp (1920–1950), ''[[Dallas Morning News]]'', July 9, 1945, p. 6
  35. "The Musical Digest – Symposium," by Eric Claudin, ''[[Dallas Morning News]]'', April 16, 1950, p. 4
  36. "Ex-Dallasite Now Olivier's Conductor for Cleopatras" (Special to the News), ''[[Dallas Morning News]]'', December 22, 1951, p. 4
  37. "Musicians Earn Warm Approval – Closing of 'Pops' Concerts Praised", ''[[Times-Picayune]]'', August 3, 1946, p. 7
  38. [http://www.obittree.com/obituary/us/indiana/bloomington/the-funeral-chapel/bronja-foster/2490773 "Bronja J. Foster, 99"] (obituary), ''[[Herald-Times]]'' ([[Bloomington, Indiana]]), May 7 & 9, 2016
  39. [http://www.fultonhistory.com/Newspaper%2011/New%20York%20NY%20Times/New%20York%20NY%20Times%201925%20Grayscale/New%20York%20NY%20Times%201925%20Grayscale%20-%202350.pdf "Two Young Violinists Appear"], ''[[New York Times]]'', February 12, 1925, p. 17, col. 1 (accessible ''via'' [[fultonhistory.com]])
  40. "With Some Orchestras", ''[[New York Times]],'' November 6, 1936, p. X7
  41. "Jacques Singer's Role – Violinist Engaged to Conduct the Dallas Symphony", ''[[New York Times]],'' December 8, 1937
  42. "Opera and Concert Asides", ''[[New York Times]],'' December 12, 1937, p. X10
  43. "Promoting the New," by Jacques Singer, ''[[New York Times]],'' September 5, 1948, p. X5
  44. "Oliviers Present ''Antony'' Tonight – Acting Team Will Take Leads in Shakespeare Drama That Will Alternate With Shaw", ''[[New York Times]]'', December 20, 1951
  45. "First Strains of Concert Music Stir the Air of Ancient Nazareth", ''[[New York Times]]'', May 11, 1953, Sec L, p. 29
  46. "Jacques Singer Acclaimed" ([[Buenos Aires]] [[Associated Press. AP]]), ''[[New York Times]]'', June 2, 1958
  47. "U.S. Conductor Praised – Texan 'Worked Miracles' on Buenos Aires Orchestra" ([[Buenos Aires]] [[Associated Press. AP]]), ''[[New York Times]]'', June 24, 1958, p. 3
  48. "Singer Conducts in Venezuela," ''[[New York Times]]'', April 30, 1961, p. 6
  49. "Reyes in Debut With Youth Group," ''[[New York Times]]'', December 15, 1974, p. 68
  50. (de)]], translated by John Hargraves, [[Harcourt (publisher). Harcourt]] (2006); {{OCLC. 66463744(retrieved December 13, 2017)
  51. [http://fultonhistory.com/Newspaper%2024/New%20York%20NY%20Post/New%20York%20NY%20Post%201964/New%20York%20NY%20Post%201964%20a%20-%206857.pdf "Ricci To Open Series of Four Concerts Nov. 17,"] ''[[New York Post]]'', December 6, 1964, p. 68 (accessible ''via'' [[fultonhistory.com]])
  52. [http://www.fultonhistory.com/Newspapers%2023/Philadelphia%20PA%20Inquirer/Philadelphia%20PA%20Inquirer%201925/Philadelphia%20PA%20Inquirer%201925%20a%20-%201052.pdf "Boys Win Scholarships"], ''[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]'', September 30, 1925, p. 12, col. 6 (accessible ''via'' [[fultonhistory.com]])
  53. "Symphony Conductor Pays City Flying Visit," by Mary Gene Kelly, ''[[Corpus Christi Caller-Times]],'' June 6, 1954, p. 33 (accessible at {{URL. https://www.newspapers.com/image/23838338)
  54. "Symphony Finances Reported Encouraging," ''[[Corpus Christi Caller-Times]],'', October 10, 1954, p. 21; (accessible at {{URL. https://www.newspapers.com/image/27944506)
  55. "Symphony Performance Professional, Exciting", ''[[Corpus Christi Caller-Times]],'' October 19, 1954, p. 25
  56. "Paper Says Singer Works 'Miracle' With Orchestra" ([[Buenos Aires]] [[Associated Press. AP]]), ''[[Corpus Christi Caller-Times]]'', June 24, 1958, p. 8
  57. "Conductor is Praised in Oregon," ''[[Corpus Christi Caller-Times]]'', March 8, 1962, p. 38
  58. "Singer All the Way in Monday Concert," by Martin Clark, ''[[The Oregon Journal]]'', February 20, 1962
    Martin Hooper Clark (1920–1983), was music critic for the ''[[Oregon Journal]],'' then ''[[The Oregonian]]''
  59. "Singer Gets Unconditional Release from Texas Symphony to Assume Portland Position", ''[[The Oregonian]]'', April 13, 1962, p. 21
  60. "Music Maestro Jacques Singer Will Launch Symphony Oct. 15," ''[[The Oregonian]]'', August 26, 1962, p. 95
  61. "Good Seats Still on Sale for Portland Symphony", ''[[The Oregonian]],'' October 14, 1962, p. 89
  62. "Conductor to Appear in N.Y. Experiments," ''[[The Oregonian]],'' December 6, 1964, p. 128
  63. "Jacques Singer, Ricci To Reunite in Portland," ''[[The Oregonian]],'' August 22, 1965, p. 83
  64. "Vigorous, 'Ingenious Toccata' Opens New Symphony Season," by Hilmar Birger Grondahl (1899–1984), ''[[The Oregonian]]'', October 7, 1969, p. 38
    (Grondahl was the classical music critic for ''[[The Oregonian]]'' for 45 years)
  65. "Rehearsing New Work", ''[[The Guardian]]'', April 17, 1970, p. 5
  66. "Sour Note" by Herbert Francis Lundy (1907–1994), ''[[The Oregonian]]'', October 30, 1971
  67. "Symphony Society, Local Musicians Union in Controversy" by John Wendeborn, ''[[The Oregonian]]'', December 26, 1971, p. 103
  68. "Singer Lauded in Switzerland," ''[[The Oregonian]]'', June 18, 1972, p. 67
  69. "Symphony Directed," ''[[The Oregonian]]'', July 2, 1972, p. 79
  70. "Jacques Singer Freed – Guest to Conduct Oregon Symphony," ''[[The Oregonian]]'', August 9, 1972, p. 18
  71. "Parting Notes" by [[David Stabler]], ''[[The Oregonian]]'', June 9, 1999, p. C1
  72. [http://blog.oregonlive.com/lifestories/2011/08/life_story_musician_and_teache.html "Life Story: Musician and Teacher, John Keil Richards Nurtured the Best in All His Students"], ''[[The Oregonian]]'', August 6, 2011 (retrieved December 7, 2017)
  73. "Hans Gruber Braves Vancouver Crowd", ''[[Nanaimo Daily News]]'', July 16, 1951, p. 5
  74. "Symphony in Peak of Sound," by Charles Staff ''(né'' Charles Bancroft Staff Jr.; 1929–1999), ''[[Indianapolis News]]'', March 26, 1956, p. 10 (accessible at {{URL. https://www.newspapers.com/image/311495989)
  75. [https://news.hrvh.org/veridian/cgi-bin/senylrc?a=d&d=scarsdaleinquire19281214.2.105&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- "Albert Stoessel to Head Juilliard Orchestra,"] ''Scarsdale Inquirer,'' Vol. 10, No. 4, December 14, 1928
  76. "Singer Conducts Philharmonic in Season's Final Spring Concert," ''[[Daily Chronicle (Illinois). Daily Chronicle]]'', April 7, 1977, p. 12 (accessible at {{URL. https://www.newspapers.com/image/123515749)
  77. Reynolds Whitney – Detroit Mich.," ''[[Daily Chronicle (Illinois). Daily Chronicle]]'', January 4, 1978, p. 5 (accisable at {{URL. https://www.newspapers.com/image/123496131)
  78. [https://www.questia.com/newspaper/1P3-2906506461 "Today in Music History – March 12,"]{{dead link. (July 2021''[[The Canadian Press]]'', March 1, 2013)
  79. [http://fultonhistory.com/Newspapers%2021/Brooklyn%20NY%20Weekly%20People/Brooklyn%20NY%20Weekly%20People%201923-1925/Brooklyn%20NY%20Weekly%20People%201923-1925%20-%200635.pdf "May Day Celebration"] (event advertisement by the [[Socialist Labor Party of America]]), ''[[The Weekly People]],'' May 2, 1925, p. 6 (accessible ''via'' [[fultonhistory.com]])
  80. "Local Artist in 'Y' Concert," ''[[Jersey Journal]]'', March 9, 1925, p. 7
  81. 52493225
    (retrieved ''via'' [[Internet Archive]])

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