Iris unguicularis

Iris unguicularis
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Iridaceae
Genus:	Iris
Subgenus:	Iris subg. Limniris
Section:	Iris sect. Limniris
Series:	Iris ser. Unguiculares
Species:	I. unguicularis
Iris unguicularisPoir.
Iris stylosa Desf.
Iris unguicularis f. lilacina Spreng. ex André
Iris unguicularis f. marginata Spreng. ex André
Iris unguicularis f. pavonia Spreng. ex André
Iris unguicularis f. speciosa Spreng. ex André
Iris unguicularis subsp. unguicularis (unknown)
Joniris stylosa (Desf.) Klatt
Neubeckia stylosa (Desf.) Alef.
Siphonostylis unguicularis (Poir.) Wern.Schulze

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Iris unguicularis (syn. Iris stylosa), the Algerian iris, is a rhizomatous flowering plant in the genus Iris, native to Algeria, Greece, Turkey, Western Syria, and Tunisia. It grows to 30 centimetres (12 in), with grassy evergreen leaves, producing pale lilac or purple flowers with a central band of yellow on the falls. The flowers appear in winter and early spring. They are fragrant, with pronounced perianth tubes up to 20 cm (7.9 in) long.

This plant is widely cultivated in temperate regions, and numerous cultivars have been selected for garden use, including a slightly more tender white form 'Alba', and a dwarf variety I. unguicularis subsp. cretensis. The cultivar 'Mary Barnard' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

In 2013, a chemical analysis study was carried on Iris loczyi and Iris unguicularis as both plants are known as medicinally important. The rhizome of Iris unguicularis contains 1,3-O-diferuloylsucrose, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxychromone, irilone, 4′,5,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavanone, tectorigenin, kaempferol, 4′,5,7-trihydroxy-3′,8-dimethoxyflavanone, 8-methoxyeriodictyol, hispidulin and mangiferin.

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