Interstate 391

---

title: "Interstate 391" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["auxiliary-interstate-highways", "interstate-highways-in-massachusetts", "interstate-91", "transportation-in-hampden-county,-massachusetts"] description: "Highway in Massachusetts" topic_path: "sports" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstate_391" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Highway in Massachusetts ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox road"]

Field	Value
state	MA
route	391
type	I
map
map_custom	yes
map_notes	I-391 highlighted in red
length_mi	4.46
length_ref
established	1982
spur_type	I
spur_of	91
direction_a	South
terminus_a	in Chicopee
junction	{{plainlist
*{{jct	state
*{{jct	state
direction_b	North
terminus_b	High Street in Holyoke
counties	Hampden
previous_type	MA
previous_route	295
next_type	I
next_route	395
::

| state = MA | route = 391 | type = I | map = | map_custom = yes | map_notes = I-391 highlighted in red | length_mi = 4.46 | length_ref = | established = 1982 | spur_type = I | spur_of = 91 | direction_a = South | terminus_a = in Chicopee | junction = {{plainlist|

• in Chicopee
• in Chicopee | direction_b = North | terminus_b = High Street in Holyoke | counties = Hampden | previous_type = MA | previous_route = 295 | next_type = I | next_route = 395 Interstate 391 (I-391) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway located entirely within the US state of Massachusetts. It runs from the I-91/I-391 interchange in Chicopee to the center of Holyoke, a distance of about 4.46 mi. It runs near the Connecticut River throughout its journey in Chicopee, crosses into Holyoke, and abruptly ends at High Street 0.4 mi south of U.S. Route 202 (US 202).

Route description

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/I-391_during_construction,_1980.png" caption="I-391 during construction, 1980"] ::

I-391 begins at an interchange with I-91 (at exit 9) in southern Chicopee, just north of the Atwater Park and the Calvary Cemetery. Initially running parallel to the Connecticut River, it intersects with Route 116 in Chicopee center and crosses the Chicopee River. I-391 then has another junction with Route 116 in the Sandy Hill section of town, and, in less than 1 mione mile (1.6 km), it crosses underneath the Massachusetts Turnpike without an interchange. I-391 continues north through the rest of northern Chicopee, intersecting Route 141 along the way and then passing just east of Rivers Park. I-391 then crosses the Connecticut River into the city of Holyoke, where it has two closely spaced exits for local streets in the town. I-391 officially comes to an end at High Street in Holyoke, with the road continuing as Resnic Boulevard, which connects to US 202 after 0.4 mi.

History

::data[format=table title="[[Annual average daily traffic]]{{cite web|title=Location ID 2163, Transportation Data Management|publisher=[[MassDOT]]|access-date=2018-10-18|url=http://mhd.ms2soft.com/tcds/tsearch.asp?loc=Mhd&mod=}}"]

Year	AADT
1982	17,200
1990	26,520
2000	31,000
2010	32,578
2018	37,164
::

Plans for the highway originated from the Master Highway Plan for the Springfield metropolitan area in 1953, which planned for a "major street improvement" to Route 116. By the 1960s, freeway access was needed between Chicopee and Holyoke to improve traffic flow which prompted a spur route of I-91 to be built. I-391's planned six lanes were built to handle up to 50,000 vehicles every day, and the total cost of the proposed highway was estimated at about $35 million (equivalent to $ in ). In 1965, an alignment of the highway had been set, along with two alternative alignments. Construction for I-391 began in 1967 with a short 0.75 mi highway, which was completed in 1970. After years of no progress, construction started again in 1978. The highway was completed in 1982 after about 15 years of planning and construction.

An interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) was part of the original proposal, as it would have connected the turnpike to Chicopee and Holyoke, though it was never built.

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/I-391_near_MA-141.jpg" caption="I-391 just before the Route 141 interchange"] ::

Exit list

All exit numbers in Massachusetts were to eventually be renumbered to mileage-based numbers under a future project, but that project was postponed. On November 18, 2019, the Massachusetts Department of Transportation announced that I-391's exit numbers would not be changed because its exits were so tightly spaced.

|location=Chicopee |lspan=5 |mile=0.00 |exit=1A |road= |notes=Southern terminus |type=incomplete |mile=0.62 |exit=1B |road= |notes=Southbound exit and northbound entrance; exit 9 on I-91 |mile=0.95 |exit=2 |road= |notes=To Elms College |mile=1.90 |exit=3 |road= |mile=3.86 |exit=4 |type= |road= |notes=Signed as exits 4A (east) and 4B (west) southbound |location_special=Connecticut River |mile=4.50 |bridge=Bridge |location=Holyoke |lspan=3 |mile=4.59 |exit=5 |type=incomplete |road=Main Street |notes=Northbound exit and southbound entrance |mile=4.94 |exit=6B |type=incomplete |road=Commercial Street |notes=Northbound exit and southbound entrance |mile=5.16 |exit=6A |road=High Street |notes=Northern terminus; at-grade intersection

References

References

1. Starks, Edward. (January 27, 2022). "Table 2: Auxiliary Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways". [[Federal Highway Administration]].
2. Bostonroads.com. "Interstate 391 (Massachusetts)".
3. itd. "MassGIS EOT-OTP Roads data layer". Administration and Finance.
4. "overview map of I-391".
5. "Location ID 2163, Transportation Data Management". [[MassDOT]].
6. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. (2015). "COMMBUYS - Bid Solicitation FAP# HSIP-002S(874) Exit Signage Conversion to Milepost-Based Numbering System along Various Interstates, Routes and the Lowell Connector".
7. (December 5, 2019). "Milepost-based Exit Renumbering". Massachusetts Department of Transportation.
8. Saric, Sofia. (November 18, 2019). "Massachusetts highway exits to be renumbered by January 2022".
9. MassDOT Planning Division. "Massachusetts Route Log Application". Massachusetts Department of Transportation.

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