Illizi

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title: "Illizi" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["communes-of-illizi-province", "tuareg", "province-seats-of-algeria", "illizi-province"] topic_path: "general/communes-of-illizi-province" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illizi" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

Field	Value
name	Illizi
native_name	إيليزي
native_name_lang	ar
type	city
image_skyline	Banque d'Algérie - Illizi بنك الجزائر - اليزي - panoramio.jpg
imagesize	300px
image_caption	General aspect of Illizi central quarter
image_map	DZ 33 Illizi.svg
mapsize	120px
map_caption	Location of Illizi Commune within Illizi Province
pushpin_map	Algeria
pushpin_map_caption	Location of Illizi within Algeria
coordinates
subdivision_type	Country
subdivision_name	Algeria
subdivision_type1	Province
subdivision_name1	Illizi Province
subdivision_type2	District
subdivision_name2	Illizi District
established_title
seat_type	District seat
leader_title	PMA Seats
leader_name	11
leader_title1
leader_title2
unit_pref	Metric
area_total_km2	75945
elevation_m	567
population_footnotes
population_total	17252
population_as_of	2008
population_density_km2	auto
timezone1	CET
utc_offset1	+01
postal_code_type	Postal code
postal_code	37000
area_code_type
area_code
blank_name_sec1	ONS code
blank_info_sec1	3301
website
::

Illizi - مدرسة بن باديس اليزي - panoramio.jpg|Ibn Badis School Illizi

Illizi عنزي اليزي - panoramio.jpg|Street scene in a residential area, Illizi

Illizi اليزي - حانوت الامير - panoramio.jpg|Boutique in Illizi

Illizi nature.jpg|Illizi. The text's translation: "I love Nature, therefore I protect it".

Tassili Desert Algeria.jpg|Natural areas in the nearby Tassili n'Ajjer Mountains

Illizi (Amazigh language: Ilizi) is an Algerian town and commune, coextensive with Illizi District, situated in the south-eastern part of Algeria, and capital of Illizi Province. According to the 2008 census it is the largest commune by population in the province, with a population of 17,252, up from 10,163 in 1998, and an annual population growth rate of 5.5%, the highest in the province. It is one of the gates to the Tassili N'Ajjer National Park with caves and partly enclosed rock shelters containing prehistoric drawings dating from 6000 years BC. There are a hotel and two camping sites, as well as many local tourist agencies. During French colonial rule, the town was called Fort Polignac (1909–1962).

Climate

Illizi has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh), with long, extremely hot summers and short, very warm winters. The town is virtually rainless throughout the year as the average annual rainfall is around 10 mm (0.39 in), and summers are especially dry. The sky is always clear over Illizi all year long and the relative humidity is very low.

|location = Illizi (1991–2020) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 35.0 |Feb record high C = 38.5 |Mar record high C = 40.5 |Apr record high C = 44.7 |May record high C = 45.3 |Jun record high C = 47.7 |Jul record high C = 47.6 |Aug record high C = 46.7 |Sep record high C = 45.7 |Oct record high C = 42.0 |Nov record high C = 38.2 |Dec record high C = 33.5 |year record high C = |Jan high C = 20.6 |Feb high C = 23.4 |Mar high C = 28.3 |Apr high C = 33.7 |May high C = 37.8 |Jun high C = 41.4 |Jul high C = 42.1 |Aug high C = 41.4 |Sep high C = 39.5 |Oct high C = 34.0 |Nov high C = 27.2 |Dec high C = 21.8 |year high C = 32.6 |Jan mean C = 12.6 |Feb mean C = 15.3 |Mar mean C = 20.1 |Apr mean C = 25.4 |May mean C = 30.2 |Jun mean C = 33.6 |Jul mean C = 33.9 |Aug mean C = 33.5 |Sep mean C = 31.7 |Oct mean C = 26.3 |Nov mean C = 19.4 |Dec mean C = 14.2 |year mean C = 24.7 |Jan low C = 4.7 |Feb low C = 7.2 |Mar low C = 11.9 |Apr low C = 17.1 |May low C = 22.4 |Jun low C = 25.7 |Jul low C = 25.8 |Aug low C = 25.6 |Sep low C = 23.9 |Oct low C = 18.6 |Nov low C = 11.6 |Dec low C = 6.6 |year low C = 16.8 |Jan record low C = -4.0 |Feb record low C = -1.9 |Mar record low C = 0.7 |Apr record low C = 5.6 |May record low C = 9.1 |Jun record low C = 17.5 |Jul record low C = 19.3 |Aug record low C = 19.0 |Sep record low C = 15.4 |Oct record low C = 9.5 |Nov record low C = 1.7 |Dec record low C = -2.2 |year record low C = -4.0 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 1.8 |Feb precipitation mm = 2.2 |Mar precipitation mm = 2.2 |Apr precipitation mm = 1.4 |May precipitation mm = 1.5 |Jun precipitation mm = 2.0 |Jul precipitation mm = 0.0 |Aug precipitation mm = 0.5 |Sep precipitation mm = 1.8 |Oct precipitation mm = 2.5 |Nov precipitation mm = 1.8 |Dec precipitation mm = 1.7 |year precipitation mm = 19.4 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 0.3 |Feb precipitation days = 0.3 |Mar precipitation days = 0.3 |Apr precipitation days = 0.4 |May precipitation days = 0.4 |Jun precipitation days = 0.5 |Jul precipitation days = 0 |Aug precipitation days = 0.1 |Sep precipitation days = 0.5 |Oct precipitation days = 0.6 |Nov precipitation days = 0.3 |Dec precipitation days = 0.4 |year precipitation days = 4.1 |Jan humidity = 48 |Feb humidity = 39 |Mar humidity = 33 |Apr humidity = 30 |May humidity = 27 |Jun humidity = 27 |Jul humidity = 24 |Aug humidity = 22 |Sep humidity = 25 |Oct humidity = 32 |Nov humidity = 43 |Dec humidity = 42 |source 1 = NOAA{{cite web |url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Algeria/CSV/Illizi_60640.csv |title = Illizi Climate Normals 1991-2020 |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date = January 5, 2024 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240105074358/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Algeria/CSV/Illizi_60640.csv |archive-date = 2024-01-05}} |source 2 = Weatherbase (humidity){{cite web |url = http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=4606&cityname=Illizi%2C+Illizi%2C+Algeria&units= |title = Illizi, Algeria Travel Weather Averages |publisher = Weatherbase |access-date = 16 May 2013}}}}

Transport

Illizi lies on the N3 national highway, which leads north to In Amenas and Touggourt and south to Djanet.

The town is served by Takhamalt Airport, with flights to Ghardaïa and Ouargla.

Economy

The commune of Illizi includes five villages generating their own solar energy as part of a project to introduce solar energy to Algeria: Tihahiout, Ifni, Imehrou, Oued Semen, and Tamadjert.

Education

8.4% of the population has a tertiary education (the highest rate in the province), and another 15.7% has completed secondary education. The overall literacy rate is 78.1%, and is 85.2% among males and 69.0% among females.

Sports

The city is home to CSSW Illizi, an amateur side which plays in the south-east group of the Inter-Régions Division, the third tier of the Algerian football pyramid.

Localities

The commune is composed of eight localities:

Centre Ville (with the suburbs Sidi Bouslah and Takebalt)
Afara
Imehrou
Oued Semen (with the village of Tanarine)
Aharhar
Tarat
Tamadjert
Fadnoune

History

In July 1903, the French captain Pein came to the Oued Ilezi with a troop and determined that it was an ideal place for a military base: a good waterhole with water at a depth of 50–100 cm, a raised area next to it with a very good defensive position and plenty of pastures and wood in the surrounding area.

In May 1908, Colonel Laperrine, commander of the French Sahara troops, came to the Oued Ilezi and determined the exact location of the planned Polignac fort on a small rocky plateau, a few meters above the course of the river. Construction of the fort then began. It was completed in September 1909.

In the same year, after its completion, the French captain Niéger visited the Kel Iherir-Tuareg in the Oued Iherir, 120 km south of Illizi. He promised the ethnic group that wells would be drilled in the Oued Ilezi the following winter and that their ethnic group would be granted water and land rights there. This is how people from the Kel Iherir became the first inhabitants of the village of Fort Polignac. - In 1957, Fort Polignac had around 1000 inhabitants.

Illizi_Residential_quarter_1991.png|Illizi 1991: Residental quarter Illizi_Small_mosque_on_the_outskirts_1991.png|Illizi 1991: Small Mosque on the outskirts Illizi_Street_scene_1991.png|Illizi 1991: Street scene downtown

References

(4 September 1991). "Décret executif n° 91-306 du 24 août 1991 fixant la liste des communes animées par cheque chef de daïra. Wilaya d'Illizi". Journal officiel de la République Algérienne.
"Population: Illizi Wilaya". Office National des Statistiques Algérie.
"Algeria Communes". Statoids.
"Routes to/from Illizi Takhamalt Airport". OurAirports.
"Structure relative de la population résidente des ménages ordinaires et collectifs âgée de 6 ans et plus selon le niveau d'instruction et la commune de résidence.". Office National des Statistiques Algérie.
"Taux d'analphabétisme et taux d'alphabétisation de la population âgée de 15 ans et plus, selon le sexe et la commune de résidence .". Office National des Statistiques Algérie.
(19 December 1984). "Décret n° 84-365, fixant la composition, la consistance et les limites territoriale des communes. Wilaya d'El Oued". Journal officiel de la République Algérienne.
Gabriel Gardel: ''Les Touareg Ajjer'', Edition Baconnier, 1961, S. 200, 251, 284, 291 [https://books.google.ch/books?hl=de&id=kbqePjr8SccC&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Si+Ali+ben+Naoui]
''Les Compagnies méharistes sahariennes'', 5th section below ''Une pacification de 80 ans et l’imaginaire français.''[https://www.souvenirfrancais-issy.com/2015/06/les-compagnies-meharistes-sahariennes.html] Retrieved 7 February 2025

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