Iferouane

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Oasis town in Agadez Department, Niger

title: "Iferouane" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["oases-of-niger", "communes-of-niger", "oasis-towns"] description: "Oasis town in Agadez Department, Niger" topic_path: "general/oases-of-niger" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iferouane" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Oasis town in Agadez Department, Niger ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
official_nameIférouane
other_nameIferouan
settlement_typeCommune
imagesize300px
pushpin_mapNiger
pushpin_label_positionbottom
pushpin_mapsize280
pushpin_map_captionLocation in Niger
pushpin_relief1
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_name
subdivision_type1Region
subdivision_name1Agadez Region
subdivision_type2Department
subdivision_name2Arlit Department
area_total_km2120,288
population_as_of2012
population_total13,655
population_urban2,486
timezone_DSTWAT
utc_offset_DST+1
coordinates
elevation_m660
elevation_ftauto
::

|official_name = Iférouane |other_name =Iferouan |settlement_type =Commune |image_skyline = |imagesize = 300px |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = |map_caption = |pushpin_map = Niger |pushpin_label_position = bottom |pushpin_mapsize = 280 |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Niger |pushpin_relief = 1 |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = |subdivision_type1 = Region |subdivision_name1 = Agadez Region |subdivision_type2 = Department |subdivision_name2 = Arlit Department |established_title = |established_date = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |area_magnitude = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_total_km2 = 120,288 |area_land_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of= 2012 |population_footnotes = |population_total = 13,655 |population_urban = 2,486 |population_metro = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_density_km2 = |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST =WAT |utc_offset_DST = +1 |coordinates = |elevation_footnotes= |elevation_m = 660 |elevation_ft = auto |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |website = |footnotes = ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Air_massif_sat_map_south.png" caption="Map of the southern [[Aïr Mountains]]."] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Hoggar_and_surroundings_en.jpg" caption="Map of southern Algeria and surrounding area, Iferouane is at the bottom right"] ::

Iferouane (), also spelled Iferouan, is an oasis town and commune in northern Niger, in Agadez Department. It is located northeast of Arlit in the northern Aïr, | last = Casserly | first = Gordon | title = Algeria To-day | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=nT9CAAAAIAAJ&q=Iferouane | access-date = 10 December 2007 | year = 1923 | publisher = F.A. Stokes | pages = 215 }} in the Ighazar valley | last = Rodd | first = Francis | author-link = Francis Rodd, 2nd Baron Rennell |date=January 1929 | title = A Second Journey among the Southern Tuareg | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_geographical-journal_1929-01_73_1/page/80 | journal = The Geographical Journal | volume = 73 | issue = 1 | pages = 81–101 | doi = 10.2307/1781334 | jstor=1781334}} near the Tamgak Range. | last = Cameron | first = D.R.G. |date=June 1928 | title = A Journey across the Sahara from Kano to Ouarghla | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_geographical-journal_1928-06_71_6/page/538 | journal = The Geographical Journal | volume = 71 | issue = 6 | pages = 538–59 | doi = 10.2307/1783174 | jstor=1783174}}

Iferouane is also the location of the headquarters of the Aïr and Ténéré Natural Reserves, a World Heritage Site covering more than 7700000 ha. |url=http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/atnnr.html |title=Air and Ténéré Natural Reserves |access-date=10 December 2007 |date=April 2002 |work=Protected Areas Programme |publisher=World Conservation Monitoring Centre, United Nations Environment Programme |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070929162750/http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/atnnr.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all The Project for the Conservation and Management of the Natural Resources of the Aïr-Ténéré, a joint venture by the government of Niger, the World Conservation Union (IUCN), and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), is also based in Iferouane.

The town is served by Iferouane Airport .

History

The Foureau–Lamy Mission, a French military expedition led by Fernand Foureau and Amédée-François Lamy, spent a number of months at Iferouane in 1899. The expedition stopped at Iferouane on 24 February 1899 to acquire additional pack animals, their number having dwindled from 1,004 to 585, and departed on 10 June 1899, heading for Agadez. During this time, the expeditionary force faced multiple attacks by Tuaregs and saw the size of its caravan dwindle from 585 camels to 75. | last = Fleming | first = Fergus | title = The Sword and the Cross: Two Men and an Empire of Sand | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ocV6xWMN0WUC&q=Iferouane&pg=PA102 | access-date = 12 October 2007 | year = 2004 | publisher = Grove Press | isbn = 978-0-8021-4173-6 | pages = 102 }} | last = Fleming | first = Fergus | title = Off the Map: Tales of Endurance and Exploration | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=qmLQ3OGhSdwC&q=Iferouane&pg=PA401 | access-date = 12 October 2007 | year = 2006 | publisher = Grove Press | isbn = 978-0-8021-4272-6 | pages = 401 }}

During Niger's colonial period, Iferouane was the northernmost military outpost in the French colony. In 1964, a few years after independence, the population of Iferouane cercle was approximately 10,000. | last = Mortimore | first = Michael J. |date = January 1972 | title = The Changing Resources of Sedentary Communities in Air, Southern Sahara | journal = Geographical Review | volume = 62 | issue = 1 | pages = 71–91 | doi = 10.2307/214060 | jstor=214060}}

Second Tuareg Rebellion

Main article: Second Tuareg Rebellion

Iferouane was the site of the first attack carried out by the Niger Movement for Justice (MNJ), | first = Joe | last = De Capua | title = Tuareg rebels gathering strength in Niger | url = http://www.voanews.com/english/Africa/2007-11-28-voa37.cfm | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071201095821/http://www.voanews.com/english/Africa/2007-11-28-voa37.cfm | url-status = dead | archive-date = 1 December 2007 | work = Voice of America | date = 28 November 2007 | access-date = 10 December 2007 }} which marked the beginning of the Second Tuareg Rebellion. Numerous clashes between rebel and government forces subsequently took place near the town, including an attack in early December 2007 against a supply convoy heading for Iferouane that resulted in the deaths of three soldiers and, according to the government, eight rebels. | first = Abdoulaye | last = Massalatchi | title = Niger rebels kill 3 soldiers in attack on convoy | url = http://africa.reuters.com/top/news/usnBAN535190.html | work = Reuters | date = 5 December 2007 | access-date = 10 December 2007 | archive-url = https://archive.today/20130201083603/http://africa.reuters.com/top/news/usnBAN535190.html | archive-date = 1 February 2013 | url-status = dead

  • {{cite news |first=Naomi |last=Schwarz |title=Niger Rebels Attack Convoy, Refuse to Negotiate |url=http://www.voanews.com/english/2007-12-05-voa41.cfm |work=VOA News |date=5 December 2007 |access-date=10 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213221152/http://voanews.com/english/2007-12-05-voa41.cfm |archive-date=13 December 2007 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all In October 2007, the president of the SOS Iférouane Initiative, a local organisation involved with delivering supplies to the town, reported that due to the insecurity caused by the rebellion, the residents of Iferouane had been without food for a number of weeks. He also reported an increase in the incidence of malaria and diarrhoea among the town's residents. | title = NIGER: Humanitarian crisis feared in north | url = http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?ReportId=74905 | work = IRIN | date = 22 October 2007 | access-date = 10 December 2007 }}

In November, Iferouane's deputy mayor reported that the town's entire population – approximately 5,000 residents – had left due to shortages of food, the Tuareg rebellion, and "harassment" by the army. The central government, based in Niamey, confirmed that supplies to the town were blocked due to the mining of roads by rebels, but denied that the town had been emptied. | title = Niger raids leaves 'ghost town' | url = https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7102357.stm | work = BBC | date = 19 November 2007 | access-date = 10 December 2007 }}

In November 2008, a Radio France International reporter visited the town and described it as "empty of inhabitants", with the entire population having fled to Arlit or Agadez.{{cite news | title = Niger : Iferouane vidé de ses habitants | url = http://www.rfi.fr/actufr/articles/107/article_74767.asp | work = Raliou Assaleh Hamed, RFI | date = 13 November 2008 | access-date = 6 February 2009 }} During 2009, the displaced inhabitants started to return and by September, about 90% of the population had returned and agriculture had resumed, despite the damaged infrastructure. The easing of the conflict in 2009 as well as the challenging living conditions where they had been displaced to factored greatly in the decision of former Iferouane residents to return.{{cite web | title= Niger: Lull in conflict favours return in the north | publisher= International Displacement Monitoring Centre | url= http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/(httpCountrySummaries)/A56B6116D91CA1B2C1257627003E2DB2?OpenDocument&count=10000 | date= 8 September 2009 | access-date= 24 January 2010 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100130153414/http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/(httpCountrySummaries)/A56B6116D91CA1B2C1257627003E2DB2?OpenDocument&count=10000 | archive-date= 30 January 2010 | url-status= dead

Climate

Iferouane receives, on average, in excess of 50 mm of rainfall per year, which falls in the course of a few heavy downpours during the summer months. | last = Gordon | first = Claire |date=June 1993 | title = Unstabilised Earth-Brick Vaults and Domes in the Sahel | journal = Development in Practice | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | pages = 127–32 | doi = 10.1080/096145249100077151 | jstor=4028958}} Mean rainfall per annum was 58.2 mm from 1940 to 1989, and 76.1 mm between 1990 and 2004. | author = Anthelme, F., R. Michalet, and M. Saadou |date=February 2007 | title = Positive associations involving the tussock grass Panicum turgidum Forssk. in the Aïr-Ténéré Reserve, Niger | journal = Journal of Arid Environments | volume = 68 | issue = 3 | pages = 348–62 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.07.007 |bibcode=2007JArEn..68..348A Temperatures as low as -1 °C and as high as 52 °C have been recorded.

References

References

  1. "Niger: Regions, Cities & Urban Centers - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information".

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oases-of-nigercommunes-of-nigeroasis-towns