Ibagué

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title: "Ibagué" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["municipalities-of-tolima-department", "capitals-of-colombian-departments", "ibagué", "populated-places-established-in-1550"] topic_path: "general/municipalities-of-tolima-department" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibagué" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
official_nameIbagué
settlement_typeMunicipio
nicknameCiudad musical de Colombia (Musical city of Colombia)
image_skyline{{multiple image
borderinfobox
total_width300
perrow1/2/3/1
caption_aligncenter
image1Panorama Ibague.JPG
caption1Panorama of Ibagué
image2Alcaldía de Ibagué.jpg
caption2Ibagué's city hall
image3Gobernacion del Tolima.jpg
caption3Governorate of Tolima
image4Catedral Metropolitana de Ibagué - fachada principal.jpg
caption4Cathedral of Ibagué
image5Museo de arte del tolima.JPG
caption5Art Museum of Tolima
image_flagFlag of Ibagué (Tolima).svg
image_sealEscudo de Ibagué.svg
image_mapColombia - Tolima - Ibagué.svg
mapsize200px
map_captionLocation of the city of Ibagué in Tolima.
pushpin_mapColombia
pushpin_map_captionLocation in Colombia
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_nameColombia
subdivision_type1Region
subdivision_name1Andean Region
subdivision_type2Department
subdivision_name2Tolima
leader_titleMayor
leader_nameJohana Aranda
established_titleFoundation
established_date
area_total_km21498
area_urban_km247.96
population_as_of2018
population_rank8th in Colombia
population_footnotes
population_total529635
population_urban492554
population_rural37081
population_density_urban_km2auto
population_demonymIbaguereño, ibaguereña
timezoneEastern Time Zone
utc_offset-5
coordinates
elevation_m1285
postal_code_typePostal code
postal_code730001-730019
area_code57 + 8
website
::

| official_name = Ibagué | settlement_type = Municipio | nickname = Ciudad musical de Colombia (Musical city of Colombia) | motto = | image_skyline = {{multiple image | border = infobox | total_width = 300 | image_style = | perrow = 1/2/3/1 | caption_align = center | image1= Panorama Ibague.JPG |caption1=Panorama of Ibagué | image2= Alcaldía de Ibagué.jpg |caption2=Ibagué's city hall |image3=Gobernacion del Tolima.jpg |caption3=Governorate of Tolima | image4= Catedral Metropolitana de Ibagué - fachada principal.jpg |caption4= Cathedral of Ibagué |image5=Museo de arte del tolima.JPG |caption5=Art Museum of Tolima | footmontage = | image_caption = | image_flag = Flag of Ibagué (Tolima).svg | image_seal = Escudo de Ibagué.svg | image_map = Colombia - Tolima - Ibagué.svg | mapsize = 200px | map_caption = Location of the city of Ibagué in Tolima. | pushpin_map = Colombia | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Colombia | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Colombia | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Andean Region | subdivision_type2 = Department | subdivision_name2 = Tolima | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Johana Aranda | established_title = Foundation | established_date = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 1498 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = 47.96 | area_metro_km2 = | population_as_of = 2018 | population_rank = 8th in Colombia | population_footnotes = | population_total = 529635 | pop_est_as_of = | population_est = | population_urban = 492554 | population_rural = 37081 | population_density_urban_km2 = auto | population_demonym = Ibaguereño, ibaguereña | timezone = Eastern Time Zone | utc_offset = -5 | coordinates = | elevation_m = 1285 | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 730001-730019 | area_code = 57 + 8 | website =
| footnotes =

Ibagué () (referred to as San Bonifacio de Ibagué del Valle de las Lanzas during the Spanish period) is the capital of Tolima, one of the 32 departments that make up the Republic of Colombia. The city is located in the center of the country, on the central mountain range of the Colombian Andes, near Nevado del Tolima. It is one of the most populous cities in the country, with a population of 500 thousand people approximately, making it the eleventh most populous in Colombia, and with a population of 544,132 in the municipality. It was founded on 14 October 1550, by the Spanish captain Andrés López de Galarza. The city of Ibagué is divided into 13 communes and the rural area has 17 corregimientos. As the capital of the department of Tolima the city hosts the Government of Tolima, the Departmental Assembly, and the Attorney General's Office. It is the main epicenter of political, economic, administrative, business, art, culture, and tourism activities in the area.

Ibagué was one of three cities in the country chosen by the World Trade Center Association (WTCA) to build headquarters along with Cali, adding to the one existing in Bogotá. The economy of Ibagué is based primarily on the industrial, tourism, and agricultural sectors, with its textile industry{{cite web |url= http://www.colombianparadise.com/destinos/ibague.html |title= economía de ibague |year= 2010 |author= colombianparadise |language= es |access-date= 22 May 2013 |archive-date= 4 March 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071635/http://www.colombianparadise.com/destinos/ibague.html |url-status= live

The city is known as "The Musical Capital of Colombia and America", thanks to the Conservatory of Tolima (one of the most prestigious and important in Colombia), folklore festivities, and its many monuments referring to music. The city's main educational institutions are the University of Tolima, the University of Ibagué, and the Conservatory of Tolima.

History

Ibagué was founded by Andrés López de Galarza on 14 October 1550, as "Villa de San Bonifacio de Ibagué del Valle de las Lanzas" ("Town of Saint Boniface of Ibagué of the Valley of the Spears") in a nearby location where now lies the urban area of the neighboring municipality of Cajamarca about 42 km to the west of Ibagué's current whereabouts. The indigenous Pijaos commanded by cacique Ibagué were not fond of Spaniards colonizing the area so the city was re-founded in its current location on 7 February 1551.

From April to December 1854, Ibagué was briefly the capital of the New Granada following a coup d'etat promoted by general José María Melo. In 1908, when the department of Tolima was created, Ibagué was designated as its capital. The University of Tolima was founded in 1945, and was raised to state university status in 1954. The city is also the home of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ibagué.

Geography

Ibagué is located in the Colombian Andean region, in the center of the department of Tolima, surrounded by mountains on all sides with the exception of a plateau which extends to the east.

Volcanism

Ibagué lies within the Andean Volcanic Belt. It has two active volcanoes in its immediate vicinity: the Nevado del Tolima, 28 km NW of the city, and the Cerro Machín, 17 km west of the city center but still within the Municipality of Ibagué. The city is one access point to Los Nevados National Park, the other being Manizales.

Cerro Machín has been dormant for the last 800 years, but seismological activity has been registered recently causing several earthquakes, and in 2007 a 400 meters steam column from the crater. The volcano is classified as "III – Changes in behavior of volcanic activity" by Ingeominas, the Colombian Institute for Geology and Mining. A map of menaced areas has been published indicating that in the event of an eruption the city of Ibagué would not be affected despite its proximity to the volcano.

Demographics

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Plaza_de_bolivar_ibague.jpg" caption="Plaza de Bolívar, the city's main park."] ::

The total population of the municipality of Ibagué (including urban and rural areas), according to the 2025 census, was 544,132 inhabitants, of which approximately 500 thousand people resided in the urban area.

Infrastructure

Transportation

Municipal transport is managed by several local bus companies that operate minibuses throughout the city and to neighboring villages.

Ibagué lies at the intersection of national roads 40 and 43, connecting the city to Magdalena River Valley and Bogotá to the east, Armenia and the Valle del Cauca to the west, and Honda to the north. There is a long distance bus terminal with connections to most big cities in Colombia. There are frequent connections to Bogotá, Cali, Medellín, and several overnight buses to Cartagena, Barranquilla, and seasonal services to Santa Marta.

About 10 km east of the city lies Perales Airport which has several flights a day to Bogotá and Medellín.

Climate

Ibagué features a tropical rainforest climate under the Köppen climate classification, albeit a relatively cooler version of the climate due to the high altitude. Although the city does experience noticeably drier conditions during and around the months of January and July, the city has no true dry season month, as all twelve months see on average more than 60 mm of rain. As is commonplace in areas with this climate, temperatures are relatively consistent throughout the course of the year in Ibagué, with average high temperatures of about 28 C and average low temperatures of about 18 C. On average Ibagué sees 1700 mm of rain annually.

|metric first=y |single line=y |collapsed = Y |location = Ibagué (Chapeton), elevation 1300 m, (1971–2000) |Jan high C = 25.7 |Feb high C = 26.0 |Mar high C = 25.9 |Apr high C = 25.4 |May high C = 25.6 |Jun high C = 25.9 |Jul high C = 26.5 |Aug high C = 26.9 |Sep high C = 26.5 |Oct high C = 25.4 |Nov high C = 25.2 |Dec high C = 25.3 | year high C = 25.8 |Jan mean C = 20.3 |Feb mean C = 20.6 |Mar mean C = 20.9 |Apr mean C = 20.6 |May mean C = 20.7 |Jun mean C = 20.8 |Jul mean C = 20.9 |Aug mean C = 21.1 |Sep mean C = 20.9 |Oct mean C = 20.3 |Nov mean C = 20.2 |Dec mean C = 20.2 | year mean C = 20.6 |Jan low C = 15.7 |Feb low C = 16.1 |Mar low C = 16.5 |Apr low C = 16.4 |May low C = 16.5 |Jun low C = 16.1 |Jul low C = 15.7 |Aug low C = 16.0 |Sep low C = 16.1 |Oct low C = 16.1 |Nov low C = 16.1 |Dec low C = 15.7 | year low C = 16.1 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 101.9 |Feb precipitation mm = 114.2 |Mar precipitation mm = 154.4 |Apr precipitation mm = 212.8 |May precipitation mm = 249.6 |Jun precipitation mm = 158.8 |Jul precipitation mm = 93.1 |Aug precipitation mm = 111.6 |Sep precipitation mm = 183.2 |Oct precipitation mm = 219.6 |Nov precipitation mm = 212.5 |Dec precipitation mm = 133.7 |year precipitation mm = 1945.4 | Jan precipitation days = 14 | Feb precipitation days = 14 | Mar precipitation days = 19 | Apr precipitation days = 22 | May precipitation days = 22 | Jun precipitation days = 17 | Jul precipitation days = 13 | Aug precipitation days = 13 | Sep precipitation days = 17 | Oct precipitation days = 21 | Nov precipitation days = 22 | Dec precipitation days = 17 | year precipitation days = 211 | Jan humidity = 81 | Feb humidity = 81 | Mar humidity = 82 | Apr humidity = 83 | May humidity = 83 | Jun humidity = 79 | Jul humidity = 74 | Aug humidity = 73 | Sep humidity = 77 | Oct humidity = 83 | Nov humidity = 85 | Dec humidity = 83 | year humidity = 80 |Jan sun = 158.1 |Feb sun = 124.4 |Mar sun = 130.2 |Apr sun = 117.0 |May sun = 145.7 |Jun sun = 159.0 |Jul sun = 176.7 |Aug sun = 170.5 |Sep sun = 153.0 |Oct sun = 124.0 |Nov sun = 126.0 |Dec sun = 139.5 |year sun = |Jand sun = 5.1 |Febd sun = 4.4 |Mard sun = 4.2 |Aprd sun = 3.9 |Mayd sun = 4.7 |Jund sun = 5.3 |Juld sun = 5.7 |Augd sun = 5.5 |Sepd sun = 5.1 |Octd sun = 4.0 |Novd sun = 4.2 |Decd sun = 4.5 |yeard sun = |source 1 = Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales{{cite web |url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/21789/PROMEDIOS+ACTUALES_71-00tablas.xls/fa837392-e28c-438b-819c-22770c6e03be |title=Promedios Climatológicos 1971–2000 |publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales |language=es |access-date= 25 June 2024

|location = Ibagué, Colombia (Perales Airport), elevation 928 m, (1991–2020) |metric first = Yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 34.4 |Feb record high C = 35.4 |Mar record high C = 34.4 |Apr record high C = 34.2 |May record high C = 35.9 |Jun record high C = 33.6 |Jul record high C = 35.0 |Aug record high C = 36.4 |Sep record high C = 36.0 |Oct record high C = 34.8 |Nov record high C = 31.9 |Dec record high C = 34.2 |year record high C = 36.4 |Jan record low C = 15.3 |Feb record low C = 15.2 |Mar record low C = 14.8 |Apr record low C = 15.6 |May record low C = 16.2 |Jun record low C = 15.2 |Jul record low C = 15.2 |Aug record low C = 10.6 |Sep record low C = 14.4 |Oct record low C = 16.0 |Nov record low C = 15.2 |Dec record low C = 15.4 |year record low C = 10.6 |Jan high C = 29.2 |Feb high C = 29.5 |Mar high C = 28.9 |Apr high C = 28.6 |May high C = 28.6 |Jun high C = 29.2 |Jul high C = 30.4 |Aug high C = 31.6 |Sep high C = 30.8 |Oct high C = 28.9 |Nov high C = 27.8 |Dec high C = 28.4 | year high C = 29.3 |Jan mean C = 23.9 |Feb mean C = 24.3 |Mar mean C = 24.0 |Apr mean C = 23.8 |May mean C = 23.8 |Jun mean C = 24.2 |Jul mean C = 24.7 |Aug mean C = 25.4 |Sep mean C = 24.9 |Oct mean C = 23.7 |Nov mean C = 23.1 |Dec mean C = 23.5 | year mean C = 24.1 |Jan low C = 19.2 |Feb low C = 19.5 |Mar low C = 19.5 |Apr low C = 19.4 |May low C = 19.5 |Jun low C = 19.2 |Jul low C = 19.2 |Aug low C = 19.5 |Sep low C = 19.2 |Oct low C = 19.1 |Nov low C = 19.2 |Dec low C = 19.2 | year low C = 19.3 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 86.0 |Feb precipitation mm = 105.9 |Mar precipitation mm = 160.3 |Apr precipitation mm = 230.2 |May precipitation mm = 220.7 |Jun precipitation mm = 99.1 |Jul precipitation mm = 67.4 |Aug precipitation mm = 60.8 |Sep precipitation mm = 124.7 |Oct precipitation mm = 189.1 |Nov precipitation mm = 173.1 |Dec precipitation mm = 110.5 |year precipitation mm = 1627.7 |unit precipitation days = 1 mm | Jan precipitation days = 8.8 | Feb precipitation days = 9.9 | Mar precipitation days = 13.3 | Apr precipitation days = 15.5 | May precipitation days = 14.9 | Jun precipitation days = 8.5 | Jul precipitation days = 6.9 | Aug precipitation days = 5.7 | Sep precipitation days = 10.3 | Oct precipitation days = 14.4 | Nov precipitation days = 14.1 | Dec precipitation days = 11.1 | year precipitation days = 133.5 | Jan humidity = 77 | Feb humidity = 77 | Mar humidity = 79 | Apr humidity = 81 | May humidity = 81 | Jun humidity = 77 | Jul humidity = 70 | Aug humidity = 66 | Sep humidity = 72 | Oct humidity = 80 | Nov humidity = 83 | Dec humidity = 81 | year humidity = 77 |Jan sun = 179.8 |Feb sun = 144.0 |Mar sun = 139.5 |Apr sun = 138.0 |May sun = 155.0 |Jun sun = 168.0 |Jul sun = 192.2 |Aug sun = 195.3 |Sep sun = 180.0 |Oct sun = 158.1 |Nov sun = 141.0 |Dec sun = 164.3 |year sun = |Jand sun = 5.8 |Febd sun = 5.1 |Mard sun = 4.5 |Aprd sun = 4.6 |Mayd sun = 5.0 |Jund sun = 5.6 |Juld sun = 6.2 |Augd sun = 6.3 |Sepd sun = 6.0 |Octd sun = 5.1 |Novd sun = 4.7 |Decd sun = 5.3 |yeard sun = |source 1 = Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales (humidity, sun 1971-2010){{cite web |url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Normales%2BClimatol%C3%B3gicas%2BEst%C3%A1ndar_Periodo%2B1991-2020.xlsx/347421fe-b205-478f-9c24-55d0ea3785cd |title=Promedios Climatológicos 1991–2020 |publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales |language=es |access-date=25 June 2024 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606062955/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Normales+Climatol%C3%B3gicas+Est%C3%A1ndar_Periodo+1991-2020.xlsx/347421fe-b205-478f-9c24-55d0ea3785cd |url-status=dead |url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1981+-+2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815025712/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios%20Climatol%C3%B3gicos%20%201981%20-%202010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128 |archive-date=15 August 2016 |title=Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010 |publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales |language=es |access-date=16 August 2016 |url-status=dead |url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1971+-+2000.xlsx/7358269a-2856-442c-8d41-fe076f0361af |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815030409/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios%2BClimatol%C3%B3gicos%2B%2B1971%2B-%2B2000.xlsx/7358269a-2856-442c-8d41-fe076f0361af |archive-date=15 August 2016 |title=Promedios Climatológicos 1971–2000 |publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales |language=es |access-date=16 August 2016 |url-status=dead | url = http://www.ideam.gov.co/web/tiempo-y-clima/clima | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160815030620/http://www.ideam.gov.co/web/tiempo-y-clima/clima | archive-date = 15 August 2016 | title = Tiempo y Clima | publisher = Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales | language = es | access-date = 16 August 2016}} |date=August 2010

|metric first=y |single line=y |collapsed = Y |location = Ibagué (Perales Hato Opia), elevation 700 m, (1981–2010) |Jan high C = 30.4 |Feb high C = 30.5 |Mar high C = 30.1 |Apr high C = 29.4 |May high C = 29.2 |Jun high C = 29.9 |Jul high C = 31.1 |Aug high C = 32.4 |Sep high C = 31.1 |Oct high C = 29.3 |Nov high C = 28.9 |Dec high C = 29.5 | year high C = 30.2 |Jan mean C = 25.3 |Feb mean C = 25.2 |Mar mean C = 25.1 |Apr mean C = 24.7 |May mean C = 24.8 |Jun mean C = 25.1 |Jul mean C = 25.7 |Aug mean C = 26.4 |Sep mean C = 25.8 |Oct mean C = 24.8 |Nov mean C = 24.4 |Dec mean C = 24.7 | year mean C = 25.2 |Jan low C = 19.2 |Feb low C = 19.7 |Mar low C = 19.9 |Apr low C = 19.9 |May low C = 19.7 |Jun low C = 19.6 |Jul low C = 19.4 |Aug low C = 19.6 |Sep low C = 19.5 |Oct low C = 19.5 |Nov low C = 19.5 |Dec low C = 19.5 | year low C = 19.6 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 63.0 |Feb precipitation mm = 72.6 |Mar precipitation mm = 115.1 |Apr precipitation mm = 200.7 |May precipitation mm = 212.9 |Jun precipitation mm = 92.4 |Jul precipitation mm = 62.5 |Aug precipitation mm = 74.9 |Sep precipitation mm = 152.9 |Oct precipitation mm = 170.9 |Nov precipitation mm = 125.7 |Dec precipitation mm = 78.1 |year precipitation mm = 1421.6 | Jan precipitation days = 8 | Feb precipitation days = 9 | Mar precipitation days = 11 | Apr precipitation days = 16 | May precipitation days = 16 | Jun precipitation days = 10 | Jul precipitation days = 8 | Aug precipitation days = 7 | Sep precipitation days = 12 | Oct precipitation days = 16 | Nov precipitation days = 13 | Dec precipitation days = 10 | year precipitation days = 136 | Jan humidity = 76 | Feb humidity = 77 | Mar humidity = 78 | Apr humidity = 81 | May humidity = 81 | Jun humidity = 77 | Jul humidity = 71 | Aug humidity = 69 | Sep humidity = 73 | Oct humidity = 79 | Nov humidity = 81 | Dec humidity = 79 | year humidity = 77 |Jan sun = 182.9 |Feb sun = 146.8 |Mar sun = 142.6 |Apr sun = 135.0 |May sun = 158.1 |Jun sun = 171.0 |Jul sun = 195.3 |Aug sun = 198.4 |Sep sun = 174.0 |Oct sun = 158.1 |Nov sun = 144.0 |Dec sun = 170.5 |year sun = |Jand sun = 5.9 |Febd sun = 5.2 |Mard sun = 4.6 |Aprd sun = 4.5 |Mayd sun = 5.1 |Jund sun = 5.7 |Juld sun = 6.3 |Augd sun = 6.4 |Sepd sun = 5.8 |Octd sun = 5.1 |Novd sun = 4.8 |Decd sun = 5.5 |yeard sun = |source 1 = Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales{{cite web |url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1981+-+2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815025712/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios%2BClimatol%C3%B3gicos%2B%2B1981%2B-%2B2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128 |archive-date=15 August 2016 |title=Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010 |publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales |language=es |access-date= 25 June 2024 |url-status=dead}}

Neighborhoods

  • Picaleña
  • Combeima
  • Ricaurte
  • Kenedy
  • Jordan (I-IX etapa)
  • Sta Helena
  • Belen
  • Pueblo Nuevo
  • Galan
  • Sta Rita
  • Venecia
  • Ambala
  • Pedregal
  • Vergel
  • Martires
  • Estadio
  • La Francia
  • San Francisco
  • Claret
  • Hipodromo
  • Las Ferias

Notable people

Sports

The Colombian Football Association announced that Ibagué will be one of the venue cities to host the 2016 FIFA Futsal World Cup, although in the end it was not designated as the venue for the sporting event.

Ibague has one professional soccer team Deportes Tolima three times Liga BetPlay winner in 2003, 2018 and 2021. Club Deportes Tolima was founded on 18 December 1954, under the leadership of Manuel Rubio Sánchez, who was in charge of registering the team with Dimayor for the sum of 10,000 pesos. In 1957, one of the most important men in the history of Deportes Tolima, Jorge Guzmán Molina, arrived, achieving the first sub-championship of the team.

Twin towns – sister cities

Ibagué is twinned with:

References

References

  1. [http://www.mycities.co/colombia/city_ibague_.html City of Ibagué (Tolima)] {{Webarchive. link. (23 March 2016 . ''Mycities.co''. Retrieved 2 June 2014)
  2. "Información capital".
  3. "What are the departments of Colombia".
  4. (July 2018). "mapa de comunas de ibague".
  5. (2010). "world trade center Colombia".
  6. El tiempo. (2010). "ibague, ciudad de la confeccion".
  7. ibague es la segunda ciudad negociante del país. (2010). "ibague seuna ciudad finanicera y de negocios del pais/web2/joomla/documentos/mapa_comunas.pdf".
  8. conservatorio de ibague. (2010). "conservatorio de ibague".
  9. conservatorio del tolima. (2010). "conservatorio del tolima".
  10. reinado nacional del folclor. (2010). "reinado nacional del folclor".
  11. (1 August 2009). "Ingeominas". Ingeominas.
  12. (9 December 2008). "Mapa de amenaza del Cerro Machín". Ingeominas.
  13. [http://www.elespectador.com/entretenimiento/arteygente/articulo-dario-ortiz-abrio-su-ventana-al-mundo "Darío Ortiz abrió su 'Ventana al Mundo'"] {{Webarchive. link. (14 June 2018 , ''[[El Espectador]]'', 29 September 2008 {{in lang). es.
  14. (28 May 2013). "Copa Mundial de Futsal de la FIFA se jugará en Colombia en 2016". fcf.com.co/.
  15. (29 January 2016). "Cali, Medellín y Bucaramanga, sedes del Mundial de Futsal".
  16. (18 August 2020). "Historia – Club Deportes Tolima".
  17. "Menu: International cooperation". Ibagué Creativa.

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municipalities-of-tolima-departmentcapitals-of-colombian-departmentsibaguépopulated-places-established-in-1550