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Hydrodynamic seal

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A hydrodynamic seal (also sometimes called a dynamic‑groove mechanical face seal) is a type of mechanical seal in which one of the sealing faces (typically the rotating ring) incorporates grooves that act as miniature pumps, generating a hydrodynamic (or gas/hydro‐film) pressure in the gap between the faces. During rotation the grooved rotor draws fluid (liquid or gas) into the groove structure and builds a fluid film between the rotor and the opposing (stationary) face. That film supports the load, separates the faces, and reduces wear.