Hoorn

Quality 0.50 · 4 views · Updated 2 months ago

City and municipality in North Holland

title: "Hoorn" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["hoorn", "cities-in-the-netherlands", "municipalities-of-north-holland", "populated-places-in-north-holland"] description: "City and municipality in North Holland" topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoorn" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary City and municipality in North Holland ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
nameHoorn
settlement_typeCity and municipality
image_skyline{{multiple image
total_width300
borderinfobox
perrow1/2/1
caption_aligncenter
image1Hoorn - Hoofdtoren - 52961046087 (cropped).jpg
alt1Hoofdtoren
caption1Hoofdtoren
image2Hoorn - Waag, Roode Steen 8 - 53327962440 (cropped).jpg
alt2Waag
caption2Waag
image3Hoorn Statencollege.jpg
alt3Statencollege
caption3Statencollege
image4Theater Schouwburg Het Park 2014.jpg
alt4Schouwburg Het Park
caption4Schouwburg Het Park
image_flagFlag of Hoorn.svg
image_shieldHoorn wapen HRvA.svg
shield_sizex85px
nickname
image_map[[File:NL - locator map municipality code GM0405 (2016).png
map_captionLocation within North Holland, Netherlands
pushpin_mapNetherlands#Europe
pushpin_map_captionLocation within the Netherlands##Location within Europe
pushpin_relief1
coordinates
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_nameNetherlands
subdivision_type1Province
subdivision_name1North Holland
subdivision_type2Subregion
subdivision_name2West Friesland
governing_bodyMunicipal council
leader_titleMayor
leader_nameJan Nieuwenburg
leader_partyPvdA
established_titleCity rights
established_date1357 ( years ago)
area_footnotes
area_total_km253.46
area_land_km220.38
area_water_km233.08
elevation_footnotes
elevation_m−1
population_as_of1 January 2025
population_footnotes
population_total76036
population_density_km2auto
population_demonym
timezoneCET
utc_offset+1
timezone_DSTCEST
utc_offset_DST+2
postal_code_typePostal codes
postal_code1620–1628, 1689, 1695
area_code_typeArea code
area_code0229
website
::

::callout[type=note] Hoorn, North Holland ::

| name = Hoorn | settlement_type = City and municipality | image_skyline = {{multiple image | total_width = 300 | border = infobox | perrow = 1/2/1 | caption_align = center | image1 = Hoorn - Hoofdtoren - 52961046087 (cropped).jpg | alt1 = Hoofdtoren | caption1 = Hoofdtoren | image2 = Hoorn - Waag, Roode Steen 8 - 53327962440 (cropped).jpg | alt2 = Waag | caption2 = Waag | image3 = Hoorn Statencollege.jpg | alt3 = Statencollege | caption3 = Statencollege | image4 = Theater Schouwburg Het Park 2014.jpg | alt4 = Schouwburg Het Park | caption4 = Schouwburg Het Park | image_flag = Flag of Hoorn.svg | image_shield = Hoorn wapen HRvA.svg | shield_size = x85px | nickname = | image_map = [[File:NL - locator map municipality code GM0405 (2016).png|border|250px]] | map_caption = Location within North Holland, Netherlands | pushpin_map = Netherlands#Europe | pushpin_map_caption = Location within the Netherlands##Location within Europe | pushpin_relief = 1 | coordinates = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Netherlands | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = North Holland | subdivision_type2 = Subregion | subdivision_name2 = West Friesland | governing_body = Municipal council | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Jan Nieuwenburg | leader_party = PvdA | established_title = City rights | established_date = 1357 ( years ago) | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 53.46 | area_land_km2 = 20.38 | area_water_km2 = 33.08 | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = −1 | population_as_of = 1 January 2025 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 76036 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | timezone = CET | utc_offset = +1 | timezone_DST = CEST | utc_offset_DST = +2 | postal_code_type = Postal codes | postal_code = 1620–1628, 1689, 1695 | area_code_type = Area code | area_code = 0229 | website = Hoorn () is a city and municipality in the northwest of the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. It is the largest town and the traditional capital of the region of West Friesland. Hoorn is located on the Markermeer, 20 kilometers (12 mi) east of Alkmaar and 35 kilometers (22 mi) north of Amsterdam. The municipality has just over 75,000 inhabitants and a land area of 20.38 km2, making it the third most densely populated municipality in North Holland after Haarlem and Amsterdam. Apart from the city of Hoorn, the municipality includes the villages of Blokker and Zwaag, as well as parts of the hamlets , De Hulk and .

Hoorn is well known in the Netherlands for its rich history. The town acquired city rights in 1357 and flourished during the Dutch Golden Age. In this period, Hoorn developed into a prosperous port city, being home to one of the six chambers of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). Towards the end of the eighteenth century, however, it started to become increasingly more difficult for Hoorn to keep competing with nearby Amsterdam. Ultimately, it lost its function as port city and became a regional center of trade, mainly serving the smaller villages of West Friesland. Nowadays, Hoorn is a city with modern residential areas and a historic city center that, due to its proximity to Amsterdam, is sometimes considered to be part of the Randstad metropolitan area. Cape Horn and the Hoorn Islands were both named after this city.

Etymology

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Hoorn_flag_-_Bowles's_naval_flags_of_the_world,_1783.jpg" caption="Horne}}"] ::

The origin of the name Hoorn – in archaic spelling Hoern, Horne or Hoirn(e) – is surrounded in myths. According to old Frisian legends, the name comes from Hornus, a bastard son of King Redbad and brother of Aldgillis II, who presumably founded the city in 719 and named it after himself. A different theory claims that the name was derived from a sign depicting a post horn, which hung from one of the taverns established by brewers from Hamburg in the early fourteenth century.

According to Hadrianus Junius, the name could also be a reference to the city's horn-shaped port. Others believed that the name was derived from damphoorn, a weed with a hollow stem that grew in the area at the time of the city's establishment. The chronicler rejects this theory, as well as the assertion that the name comes from "Dampterhorn", which was thought to be the only remaining neighborhood of the flooded village of .

One of the earliest mentions of Hoorn is found in a letter which states that in 1303, a merchant from Bruges was imprisoned in West Friesland near a place called "Hornicwed". This phrase – although it is uncertain whether it actually refers to Hoorn – is a compound of the Middle Dutch words hornic, meaning "corner", and wed, meaning "shallow water". It is likely that the name Hoorn was indeed derived from Middle Dutch hornic, or simply horn, and that the city was named for its location in a sharp bight of (the former) Lake Flevo.

As a descendant of the reconstructed Proto-Germanic *hurnijǭ, the name Hoorn is a cognate with Danish and Norwegian hjørne, Icelandic horn, Swedish hörn(a), and West Frisian herne, which have all preserved the meaning of "corner". In Modern Dutch, however, the word hoorn translates to "horn", both in an acoustic and anatomical sense.

History

|title = Historical population |align = left |percentages = pagr |source = |1398|3800 |1514|5400 |1550|8000 |1622|14139 |1632|13500 |1732|12000 |1795|9551 ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Gezicht_op_Hoorn_van_Hendrick_Cornelisz_Vroom_1622_Westfries_Museum_Hoorn.jpg" caption="Gezicht op Hoorn}} (1622) by [[Hendrick Cornelisz Vroom"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Hoorn_-_Blaeu_1649.jpg" caption="Map of Hoorn (1649) by [[Joan Blaeu"] ::

Early history

In the beginning of the eighth century, the threat of Viking raids led to unrest in the Frisian Kingdom, causing many people to leave their hometowns and settle elsewhere. Following this example, Hornus – a bastard son of Redbad – allegedly moved westward along with his companions and, in 719, built a settlement west of the river Vlie, which he named after himself. This legendary settlement did not exist for long, as it burnt down only a few years later.

In the Late Middle Ages, the site of present-day Hoorn was a swampy area that was not at all suitable for agriculture, as opposed to the more fertile inland. Here, overproduction of dairy products led to the establishment of a marketplace within the domain of Zwaag, where excesses could be traded for other goods. This marketplace was located near a sluice in the river Gouw, which was the most convenient passage into the Zuiderzee for the surrounding villages.

The marketplace attracted many foreign traders, most notably from Hamburg and Bremen, who came to sell their goods (mostly beer) to the local population in return for butter and cheese. This also brought three brothers from Hamburg to the area, who recognized its convenient location and decided to each build an inn near the marketplace to increase the sale of their beers. The construction of these buildings was completed in 1316 and led to the expansion of the settlement, as more merchants from Northern Germany and Denmark now visited the place to trade. As a result, the settlement quickly developed into a village, which was then given the name of Hoorn. The town officially became a city in 1357, when Hoorn was awarded city rights by William V, Count of Holland, after a lump sum payment of 1,550 schilden.

The Dutch Revolt

The revolution in Hoorn occurred without bloodshed. The town’s middle classes, after a futile attempt to assert Hoorn’s wish to garrison neither the Spanish army nor the rebel Sea Beggars, and after much debate, voted to open the city’s gates to the Beggars. By that time, Hoorn had already been flanked by the Beggar control of nearby Enkhuizen and Medemblik, and many rebellious exiles from earlier troubles returned to influence the town’s politics.

Dutch Golden Age

Hoorn rapidly grew to become a major port city and a prosperous center of trade, which flourished during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, also known as the Dutch Golden Age. It was the seat of the Committed Councils of West Friesland and the Noorderkwartier () from 1573 to 1795, and the seat of the Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier from 1589 to 1795, together with Enkhuizen. Furthermore, the city was an important home base for the Dutch East India Company (VOC), the Dutch West India Company (WIC) and the Noordsche Compagnie.

The city's fleet plied the seven seas and returned laden with precious commodities from the East Indies. Exotic spices such as pepper, nutmeg, cloves and mace were sold at vast profits. With their skill in trade and seafaring, sons of Hoorn established the city's name far and wide. In 1619, Jan Pieterszoon Coen (1587–1629), controversial for his violent raids in Southeast Asia, "founded" the capital of the Dutch East Indies, which he intended to name New Hoorn at first, though it was later decided that its name would be Batavia (present-day Jakarta). A statue of Coen was placed on the city's central square Roode Steen in 1893. In 1616, the explorer Willem Schouten, together with Jacob Le Maire, braved furious storms as he rounded the southernmost tip of South America. He named it Kaap Hoorn (Cape Horn) in honor of his home town.

Eighteenth century to present

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Exterieur_OVERZICHT_-Hoorn-20262990-_RCE.jpg" caption="[[Roode Steen]] in 1975"] ::

Hoorn's fortunes declined somewhat in the eighteenth century. The prosperous trading port became little more than a sleepy fishing village on the Zuiderzee. Following Napoleonic occupation, there was a period during which the town gradually turned its back on the sea. It developed to become a regional center of trade, mainly serving the smaller villages of West Friesland. Stallholders and shopkeepers devoted themselves to the sale of dairy products and seeds. After the introduction of railways and metalled roads in the late nineteenth century, Hoorn rapidly took its place as a conveniently located and easily accessible hub in the network of towns and villages of North Holland. In 1932, the Afsluitdijk was completed, and Hoorn was no longer a seaport.

The years after World War II saw a period of renewed growth. At the center of a flourishing horticultural region, the city developed a highly varied and dynamic economy. In the 1970s, Hoorn was designated as an "overflow" city (groeikern) by the Dutch government to relieve pressure on the overcrowded Randstad region. As a consequence, thousands of people swapped their cramped little apartments in Amsterdam for a family house with a garden in one of Hoorn's newly developed residential areas.

Geography

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Gem-Hoorn-OpenTopo.jpg" caption="Topographic map of Hoorn (2019)"] ::

Hoorn is located in the east of the North Holland peninsula, on the northwestern shore of the Markermeer – the second largest freshwater lake of the Netherlands. The city occupies an arc of land in the south of West Friesland at the northernmost end of a small bay named Hoornse Hop. The landscape of Hoorn is mostly flat and the only elevated areas are the dikes on the southern outskirts of the city. The municipality is part of the safety region and the water board .

The harbor was enlarged in the mid-17th century by the construction of a peninsula, the Visserseiland (to the west of the harbor), and an artificial island, the Oostereiland (to the east).

Climate

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Schaatstocht_over_IJsselmeer_tussen_Hoorn_en_Warder._Sneeuwruimer_maakt_route_sn,_Bestanddeelnr_931-8822.jpg" caption="Warder]] over a frozen Markermeer (1981)"] ::

Hoorn has an oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb) strongly influenced by its proximity to the North Sea to the west, with prevailing westerly winds. Both winters and summers are considered mild, although winters can get quite cold, while summers are quite warm occasionally.

Hoorn, as well as most of the North Holland province, lies in USDA hardiness zone 8b. Frosts mainly occur during spells of easterly or northeasterly winds from the inner European continent. Even then, because Hoorn is surrounded on three sides by large bodies of water, nights rarely fall far below 0 °C.

Summers are moderately warm with a number of hot days every month. The average daily high in August is 21.6 °C, and 30 °C or higher is only measured on 1.8 days per year on average (2009–2018), placing Hoorn in AHS heat zone 2. It is also common to have at least a couple of snowy days each year.

The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute has one of its weather stations located in Berkhout, a village situated west of Hoorn. Climatological data from this station can be found in the table below. The record extremes range from -21.9 °C to 34.6 °C. The average annual precipitation is 855.5 mm.

|location = Berkhout |metric first = yes |single line = yes | Jan record high C = 14.8 | Feb record high C = 18.0 | Mar record high C = 22.3 | Apr record high C = 27.1 | May record high C = 29.8 | Jun record high C = 32.5 | Jul record high C = 35.7 | Aug record high C = 33.0 | Sep record high C = 29.7 | Oct record high C = 25.0 | Nov record high C = 19.1 | Dec record high C = 15.8 |year record high C = 35.7 | Jan high C = 5.5 | Feb high C = 5.9 | Mar high C = 9.1 | Apr high C = 12.9 | May high C = 17.0 | Jun high C = 19.2 | Jul high C = 21.6 | Aug high C = 21.6 | Sep high C = 18.4 | Oct high C = 14.2 | Nov high C = 9.5 | Dec high C = 6.2 |year high C = 13.4 | Jan mean C = 3.2 | Feb mean C = 3.3 | Mar mean C = 5.7 | Apr mean C = 8.8 | May mean C = 12.7 | Jun mean C = 15.1 | Jul mean C = 17.5 | Aug mean C = 17.4 | Sep mean C = 14.6 | Oct mean C = 11.0 | Nov mean C = 7.0 | Dec mean C = 3.9 |year mean C = 10.0 | Jan low C = 0.7 | Feb low C = 0.6 | Mar low C = 2.6 | Apr low C = 4.6 | May low C = 8.2 | Jun low C = 10.8 | Jul low C = 13.2 | Aug low C = 13.1 | Sep low C = 10.7 | Oct low C = 7.8 | Nov low C = 4.3 | Dec low C = 1.5 |year low C = 6.5 | Jan record low C = -15.4 | Feb record low C = -21.9 | Mar record low C = -18.7 | Apr record low C = -6.5 | May record low C = -1.7 | Jun record low C = 3.5 | Jul record low C = 6.7 | Aug record low C = 6.3 | Sep record low C = 2.2 | Oct record low C = -4.4 | Nov record low C = -6.7 | Dec record low C = -10.0 |year record low C = -21.9 |precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation mm = 74.9 | Feb precipitation mm = 58.1 | Mar precipitation mm = 51.1 | Apr precipitation mm = 43.3 | May precipitation mm = 56.0 | Jun precipitation mm = 49.5 | Jul precipitation mm = 76.0 | Aug precipitation mm = 108.8 | Sep precipitation mm = 78.1 | Oct precipitation mm = 87.2 | Nov precipitation mm = 85.4 | Dec precipitation mm = 87.1 |Jan humidity = 88 |Feb humidity = 85 |Mar humidity = 84 |Apr humidity = 79 |May humidity = 78 |Jun humidity = 79 |Jul humidity = 79 |Aug humidity = 81 |Sep humidity = 84 |Oct humidity = 86 |Nov humidity = 88 |Dec humidity = 89 | Jan sun = 71.5 | Feb sun = 98.4 | Mar sun = 152.7 | Apr sun = 208.5 | May sun = 240.4 | Jun sun = 224.5 | Jul sun = 233.9 | Aug sun = 202.5 | Sep sun = 162.7 | Oct sun = 125.0 | Nov sun = 67.9 | Dec sun = 59.4 |source 1 = Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1981–2010 normals, relative humidity) | url = http://www.klimaatatlas.nl/tabel/stationsdata/klimtab_8110_249.pdf | title = Berkhout, langjarige gemiddelden, tijdvak 1981–2010 | publisher = Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute | language = nl |access-date = 23 March 2019 |source 2 = Weergegevens.nl (2000–2019 extremes, precipitation, sunshine hours)

Districts

The municipality of Hoorn consists of the city of Hoorn (postal codes 1620–1628) and the villages of Zwaag (postal code 1689) and Blokker (postal code 1695), which are further divided into the following districts:

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Hoorn_Districts.svg" caption="Districts of Hoorn"] ::

::data[format=table]

No.DistrictPopulation (2019)Postal code1234567891011121314
Binnenstad (city center)5,5701621
Grote Waal7,6801622
Venenlaankwartier2,5751623
Hoorn-Noord5,4601624
Risdam-Zuid8,5551625
Nieuwe Steen1,250
Hoorn 80101627
Kersenboogerd-Zuid16,9651628
Kersenboogerd-Noord3,945
Risdam-Noord7,8401689
Zwaag3,145
Zevenhuis0
Bangert en Oosterpolder6,1651689, 1695
Westerblokker3,8151695
::

Culture

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/20180719_079_hoorn.jpg" caption="Hoofdtoren"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Nederland_Hoorn_02.jpg" caption="Grote Kerk (left) and Koepelkerk"] ::

Architecture

Many of the houses in the historical city center date back to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, especially in the area north of the harbor. Other notable buildings include:

Hoorn has notable modern buildings as well, such as:

Museums

Notable museums in Hoorn include:

Cemeteries

Local government

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Entree_aan_de_voorzijde_Stadhuis_Hoorn.JPG" caption="city hall]] of Hoorn"] ::

Municipal council

::data[format=table title="Election results"]

Party201420182022%Seats%Seats%SeatsTotal100.035100.035100.035
Fractie TonnaerFT4.93210.33414.595
Hoorn LokaalHL2.4814.36111.254
GroenLinksGL8.77310.97410.214
ÉénHoorn1H————10.154
Christian Democratic AppealCDA9.48310.3549.793
People's Party for Freedom and DemocracyVVD10.35412.9259.133
Democrats 66D6610.4947.4637.953
Labour PartyPvdA14.6959.1237.843
Sociaal HoornSH——5.7426.702
Liberaal HoornLH————6.392
De Realistische PartijDRP——2.8113.511
Christian UnionCU——2.7912.481
Hoornse Onafhankelijke PartijHOP7.3627.032——
V.O.C. HoornVOC7.8836.762——
Hoornse Senioren PartijHSP5.3225.012——
Hoorns BelangHB5.2424.351——
Socialist PartySP12.024————
Hoorn+H+0.990————
::

::data[format=table title="Current composition"]

PartySeatsCoalition21Opposition14Total35
Fractie Tonnaer5
Hoorn Lokaal †4
GroenLinks †4
ÉénHoorn †4
Christian Democratic Appeal †3
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy †3
Democrats 66 †3
Labour Party3
Sociaal Hoorn2
Liberaal Hoorn2
De Realistische Partij1
Christian Union1
::

Municipal executive

As of 16 June 2022, the municipal executive of Hoorn consists of:

::data[format=table]

MayorPortfolioPartyAldermenPortfolioParty
Labour Party (Netherlands)}}"Jan NieuwenburgPublic Security, Regional Cooperation and Public AffairsPvdA
René AssendelftEducation, Harbors, Traffic and TransportationHL
GroenLinks}}"Axel BoomgaarsFinance, Income, Culture and DiversityGL
Karin HakhoffPoverty Alleviation, Social Support, Elderly and Welfare1H
Christian Democratic Appeal (2021)}}"Dick BennisPublic Space, Environment, Neighborhood Affairs and SportCDA
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (2020)}}"Marjon van der VenHousing, Urban Development and Public HealthVVD
Democrats 66}}"Arthur HellingEconomic Affairs, Tourism, Spatial Planning and SustainabilityD66
::

Transport

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/20180719_276_hoorn.jpg" caption="Hoorn railway station"] ::

Railways

Hoorn is connected to the Dutch railway network and has two train stations: Hoorn and Hoorn Kersenboogerd. From these stations, it is possible to travel in the directions of Enkhuizen, Alkmaar and Amsterdam. It is also the starting point of the Hoorn–Medemblik heritage railway.

Roads

The A7 motorway, which runs from Zaandam to the German border via the Afsluitdijk, passes along Hoorn. The exit Hoorn North connects to the provincial road N302, also called Westfrisiaweg, which runs from Hoorn to Lelystad via the Houtribdijk.

Notable people

Born

The following is a list of notable people who were born in Hoorn:

Public figures

Sportspeople

Residing

The following is a list of people who were born elsewhere, but are notable (former) residents of Hoorn:

International relations

Partner cities

Hoorn is twinned with the following cities and municipalities:

  • Belgium Beersel, Belgium (since 1968)
  • Czech Republic Příbram, Czech Republic (since 1992)

Friendships

  • USA Lewes, Delaware, United States : Lewes was the site of the first European settlement in Delaware: a whaling and trading post that Dutch settlers led by David Pieterszoon de Vries established in 1631 and named Zwaanendael. Upon their arrival in the Delaware Bay, they entered a kill which De Vries named "Hoornkill" after his hometown Hoorn. Nowadays, the city's Zwaanendael Museum is located in a replica of the Statenlogement, the former city hall of Hoorn. Although Hoorn and Lewes have never officially been partner cities, there is close informal relationship between the two towns. Delegations from Hoorn and Lewes have visited each other's cities in light of Lewes's 375th and Hoorn's 650th anniversary in 2006 and 2007 respectively.{{cite web |title=Horinezen bij feestje in Lewes, USA |publisher=Hoorngids |url=https://www.hoorngids.nl/nw-7951-7-40390/nieuws/horinezen_bij_feestje_in_lewes_usa.html |date=26 April 2006 |access-date=10 April 2018 |language=nl}}

  • Malaysia Malacca City, Malaysia (since 1989) : In 1641, the Dutch conquered the colony of Malacca from the Portuguese. During the Dutch rule, the iconic Stadthuys was built – a replica of the first city hall of Hoorn, which was demolished in 1797.{{cite web |title=The Stadthuys of Malacca |publisher=Holland Focus |url=http://www.hollandfocus.com/v2/index.php/magazine/contributors/dennisdewitt/99-dennisdewitt/111-ddwstadthuys |date=4 July 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090925172431/http://www.hollandfocus.com/v2/index.php/magazine/contributors/dennisdewitt/99-dennisdewitt/111-ddwstadthuys |access-date=10 April 2018|archive-date=25 September 2009

Notes

References

Literature

References

  1. (1995). "Westfries Woordenboek". Uitgeverij Noord-Holland.
  2. "City of the Golden Age".
  3. "Regionale kerncijfers Nederland". [[Statistics Netherlands]].
  4. "Postcodetool for 1625HV". Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland.
  5. "Inwoners per gemeente".
  6. "Hoorn: Historie".
  7. (6 October 2017). "Hoorn & Enkhuizen in the Golden Age".
  8. (September 2012). "Nieuwe steden in de Randstad: Verstedelijking en suburbaniteit". [[Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency.
  9. (28 January 2016). "De ontdekking van Kaap Hoorn".
  10. "Hoorn (geografische naam)".
  11. (2008). "Hoornse sagen, legenden, volksverhalen". Vereniging Oud Hoorn.
  12. "Plaatsnamen en hun betekenis.".
  13. (1725). "Tooneel der Vereenigde Nederlanden en onderhorige landschappen, geopent in een algemeen historisch, genealogisch, geographisch en staatkundig woordenboek". Hendrik Halma.
  14. "Velius: Kroniek van Hoorn".
  15. (1990). "Hoorn als stedelijk knooppunt: stedensystemen tijdens de late middeleeuwen en vroegmoderne tijd". Uitgeverij Verloren.
  16. "Hornic – Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek". Instituut voor de Nederlandse taal.
  17. "Wedde – Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek". Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal.
  18. "Horn (in het water uitspringende hoek land)".
  19. "Hoorn in de Middeleeuwen".
  20. Velius, Theodorus. (1648). "Chroniick van Hoorn, daer in verhaelt werden des selven Stadts eerste begin, opcomen, en gedenckweerdige geschiedenissen, tot op den jare 1630". Isaac Willemsz..
  21. (2006). "Stedelijke trots en stadsrechtvieringen". Holland, Historisch Tijdschrift.
  22. van Nierop, Henk. (2009). "Treason in the Northern Quarter: War, Terror, and the Rule of Law in the Dutch Revolt". Princeton University Press.
  23. "Admiraliteit in het Noorderkwartier (1589-1795)".
  24. (21 August 2015). "Jan Pieterszoon Coen (1587-1629) – Stichter van Batavia".
  25. (16 August 2011). "Omstreden standbeeld J.P. Coen van sokkel gevallen". De Volkskrant.
  26. M, Jan. (11 March 2014). "Hoorn".
  27. "Gemiddelden en extremen Berkhout". Weergegevens.nl.
  28. "Maandrecords Berkhout". Weergegevens.nl.
  29. "Wijken, buurten en woonplaatsen in Hoorn".
  30. (17 June 2022). "Nieuwe wethouders Hoorn geïnstalleerd".
  31. "College van B & W".
  32. (24 September 2020). "Nederlands eerste Miss World Corine Spier-Rottschäfer overleden".
  33. Munroe, John A. ''Colonial Delaware: A History''. [[Millwood, New York]]: KTO Press; 1978; pp. 9–12.
  34. Vincent, Francis. [https://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/moa/AFJ8623.0001.001/132 ''A history of the state of Delaware'']. [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]: J. Campbell; 1870; pp. 130.
  35. Witt, Dennis de. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150925090623/http://www.dutchmalaysia.net/lang_en/press/article_200105_malacca_a_dutch_conquest_forgotten.html "Malacca, a Dutch conquest forgotten"]. ''The Dutch Courier'' (May 2001). Malaysian Dutch Descendants Project. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
  36. "'t Stadhuys van Hoorn – Hoornse Gevelstenen en andere Huistekens".

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

hoorncities-in-the-netherlandsmunicipalities-of-north-hollandpopulated-places-in-north-holland