Hexachlorodisilane
Hexachlorodisilane is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula Si2Cl6. It is a colourless liquid that fumes in moist air. It has specialty applications in as a reagent and as a volatile precursor to silicon metal.
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| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name | |
| Hexachlorodisilane | |
| Other names | |
| Perchlorodisilane | |
| CAS Number | .mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}13465-77-5 Y |
| 3D model (JSmol) | Interactive image |
| ChemSpider | 75334 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.033.353 |
| EC Number | 236-704-1 |
| PubChem CID | 83497 |
| UNII | 9Z754456JM Y |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID0065488 |
| InChI | |
| InChI=1S/Cl6Si2/c1-7(2,3)8(4,5)6Key: LXEXBJXDGVGRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
| SMILES | |
| Si(Cl)(Cl)Cl | |
| Chemical formula | Si2Cl6 |
| Molar mass | 268.88 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Melting point | −1 °C (30 °F; 272 K) |
| Boiling point | 144 °C (291 °F; 417 K) |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). |
Infobox references | |
Hexachlorodisilane is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula Si2Cl6. It is a colourless liquid that fumes in moist air. It has specialty applications in as a reagent and as a volatile precursor to silicon metal.
The molecule adopts a structure like ethane, with a single Si-Si bond length of 233 pm.
Hexachlorodisilane is produced in the chlorination of silicides such as e.g. calcium silicide. Idealized syntheses are as follows:
CaSi2 + 4 Cl2 → Si2Cl6 + CaCl2
Hexachlorodisilane is stable under air or nitrogen at temperatures of at least up to 400°C for several hours, but decomposes to dodecachloroneopentasilane and silicon tetrachloride in presence of Lewis bases even at room temperature.
4 Si2Cl6 → 3 SiCl4 + Si5Cl12
This conversion is useful in making silicon-based components of use in semiconducting devices including photovoltaic cells.
The compound is also useful reagent for the deoxygenation reactions, such as this general process involving a phosphine oxide:
2 Si2Cl6 + OPR3 → OSi2Cl6 + PR3