Haeju
title: "Haeju" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["haeju", "cities-in-south-hwanghae-province", "port-cities-and-towns-in-north-korea"] topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haeju" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | Haeju |
| native_name | 해주시 |
| native_name_lang | ko |
| settlement_type | Municipal City |
| total_type | |
| translit_lang1 | Korean |
| translit_lang1_type | Chosŏn'gŭl |
| translit_lang1_info | 해주시 |
| translit_lang1_type1 | Hancha |
| translit_lang1_info1 | 海 |
| translit_lang1_type2 | McCune-Reischauer |
| translit_lang1_info2 | Haeju-si |
| translit_lang1_type3 | Revised Romanization |
| translit_lang1_info3 | Haeju-si |
| image_skyline | {{multiple image |
| border | infobox |
| total_width | 280 |
| image_style | border:1; |
| perrow | 1/2/2 |
| image1 | Puyong Pavilion, Haeju (5063684332).jpg |
| caption1 | Puyong Pavilion |
| image2 | Haeju Hotel (5063726586).jpg |
| caption2 | Haeju hotel |
| image3 | Haeju, North Korea.jpg |
| caption3 | City square in Haeju |
| image4 | Haeju, North Korea2.jpg |
| caption4 | street in Haeju |
| image5 | Waterfall at Mount Suyang.jpg |
| caption5 | Suyangsan Falls |
| image_map | DPRK2006 Hwangnam-Haeju.PNG |
| map_caption | Map of South Hwanghae showing the location of Haeju |
| mapframe | yes |
| mapframe-zoom | 9 |
| mapframe-point | none |
| pushpin_map | North Korea |
| pushpin_map_caption | Location within North Korea |
| coordinates | |
| subdivision_type | Country |
| subdivision_name | North Korea |
| subdivision_type1 | Province |
| subdivision_name1 | South Hwanghae |
| leader_name | |
| established_title | |
| established_title1 | |
| established_title2 | |
| parts_type | Administrative divisions |
| parts | 25 tong, 4 ri |
| area_magnitude | |
| unit_pref | |
| area_total_km2 | 206.9 |
| area_land_km2 | |
| area_total_dunam | |
| elevation_footnotes | tags-- |
| population_as_of | 2008 |
| population_total | 273300 |
| population_density_km2 | |
| population_blank1_title | Dialect |
| population_blank1 | Hwanghae |
| timezone | Pyongyang Time |
| utc_offset | +9 |
| coor_pinpoint | |
| postal_code_type | |
| :: |
|name = Haeju |native_name = 해주시 |native_name_lang = ko |official_name = |settlement_type = Municipal City |nickname = |total_type = |motto = |translit_lang1 = Korean |translit_lang1_type = Chosŏn'gŭl |translit_lang1_info = 해주시 |translit_lang1_type1 = Hancha |translit_lang1_info1 = 海 |translit_lang1_type2 = McCune-Reischauer |translit_lang1_info2 = Haeju-si |translit_lang1_type3 = Revised Romanization |translit_lang1_info3 = Haeju-si
|image_skyline = {{multiple image
| border = infobox
| total_width = 280
| image_style = border:1;
| perrow = 1/2/2
| image1 = Puyong Pavilion, Haeju (5063684332).jpg
| caption1 = Puyong Pavilion
| image2 = Haeju Hotel (5063726586).jpg
| caption2 = Haeju hotel
| image3 = Haeju, North Korea.jpg
| caption3 = City square in Haeju
| image4 = Haeju, North Korea2.jpg
| caption4 = street in Haeju
| image5 = Waterfall at Mount Suyang.jpg
| caption5 = Suyangsan Falls
|imagesize =
|image_map = DPRK2006 Hwangnam-Haeju.PNG
|image_caption =
|map_caption = Map of South Hwanghae showing the location of Haeju
|mapsize =
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 9
| mapframe-point = none
|pushpin_map = North Korea
|pushpin_map_caption = Location within North Korea
|pushpin_mapsize =
|coordinates =
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = North Korea
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 = South Hwanghae
|subdivision_type2 =
|subdivision_name2 =
|subdivision_type3 =
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|seat_type =
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| parts_type = Administrative divisions
| parts = 25 tong, 4 ri
|area_magnitude =
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|area_total_km2 = 206.9
|area_land_km2 =
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|elevation_footnotes = tags--
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|population_as_of =2008
|population_footnotes =
|population_note =
|population_total =273300
|population_density_km2 =
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|population_urban =
|population_density_urban_km2 =
|population_density_urban_sq_mi =
|population_blank1_title = Dialect
|population_blank1 = Hwanghae
|population_density_blank1_km2 =
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi =
|timezone = Pyongyang Time
|utc_offset = +9
|timezone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
| coor_pinpoint =
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|twin1 =
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Haeju () is a city located in South Hwanghae Province near Haeju Bay in North Korea. It is the administrative centre of South Hwanghae Province. As of 2008, the population of the city is estimated to be 273,300. At the beginning of the 20th century, it became a strategic port in Sino-Korean trade. Haeju has chemical-related enterprises and a cement factory.
History
The area around Haeju is known to have been inhabited since the Neolithic period, as shellmounds, pottery, and stone tools have been found at Ryongdangp'o. During the early Three kingdoms period, it was briefly governed by a small chieftain, when it was known as "Naemihol" (內). In 757, however, it was conquered by the Goguryeo kingdom, who later lost it to Silla. It was under the Goryeo dynasty's King T'aejo that it received its current name.
Sohyon Academy (소현서원) was a Confucian academy founded near Haeju by the famous Joseon dynasty scholar Yi I (1536–84) after his retirement. It is situated in Unbyong Valley, a part of Soktamgugok (Nine valleys of pools and rocks).
According to the North Korean government, their southward offensive on the first day of the Korean War on 25 June 1950 was a response to a two-day long bombing by the South Koreans and their surprise attacks on Haeju and other places. Early in the morning of 25 June, before the dawn counterattack in the North Korean account, the South Korean Office of Public Information announced that the Southern forces had captured Haeju. The South Korean government later denied capturing the town and blamed the report on an exaggerating officer. Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union proposed that North Korea would be invited to the UN Security Council to present its side of the story. Both proposals were voted down.
Geography
Haeju City is located on the westernmost edge of the Korean Peninsula, 60 km north of the Military Demarcation Line and 100 km south of Pyongyang. The city, being not very mountainous, is composed mostly of plains. All the mountains located within the city are under 1,000 m in elevation.
Mountains
- Mountain Suyang, 946 m.
- Mountain Jangdae, 686 m.
- Nam Hill, 122 m.
Climate
Haeju has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dwa), with cold, dry winters and hot, humid summers. |width = auto | location = Haeju (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1957–present) | single line = Yes | metric first = Yes | Jan record high C = 12.0 | Feb record high C = 14.7 | Mar record high C = 22.9 | Apr record high C = 27.7 | May record high C = 34.5 | Jun record high C = 36.0 | Jul record high C = 36.0 | Aug record high C = 37.2 | Sep record high C = 34.0 | Oct record high C = 29.6 | Nov record high C = 25.0 | Dec record high C = 17.2 | year record high C = 37.2 | Jan high C = 1.6 | Feb high C = 4.1 | Mar high C = 9.7 | Apr high C = 16.3 | May high C = 21.7 | Jun high C = 25.6 | Jul high C = 27.3 | Aug high C = 29.0 | Sep high C = 25.7 | Oct high C = 19.7 | Nov high C = 11.2 | Dec high C = 3.7 | year high C = 16.3 | Jan mean C = -2.7 | Feb mean C = -0.4 | Mar mean C = 4.8 | Apr mean C = 11.2 | May mean C = 16.7 | Jun mean C = 21.3 | Jul mean C = 24.1 | Aug mean C = 25.3 | Sep mean C = 21.1 | Oct mean C = 14.6 | Nov mean C = 6.8 | Dec mean C = -0.3 | year mean C = 11.9 | Jan low C = -6.6 | Feb low C = -4.5 | Mar low C = 0.5 | Apr low C = 6.6 | May low C = 12.2 | Jun low C = 17.6 | Jul low C = 21.4 | Aug low C = 22.1 | Sep low C = 17.0 | Oct low C = 9.9 | Nov low C = 2.8 | Dec low C = -4.0 | year low C = 7.9 | Jan record low C = -18.9 | Feb record low C = -19.0 | Mar record low C = -12.0 | Apr record low C = -6.1 | May record low C = 0.0 | Jun record low C = 2.0 | Jul record low C = 10.9 | Aug record low C = 9.8 | Sep record low C = 2.3 | Oct record low C = -4.7 | Nov record low C = -11.1 | Dec record low C = -18.0 | year record low C = -19.0 | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation mm = 9.6 | Feb precipitation mm = 17.6 | Mar precipitation mm = 27.5 | Apr precipitation mm = 51.4 | May precipitation mm = 108.7 | Jun precipitation mm = 108.0 | Jul precipitation mm = 305.2 | Aug precipitation mm = 252.8 | Sep precipitation mm = 96.2 | Oct precipitation mm = 42.6 | Nov precipitation mm = 34.8 | Dec precipitation mm = 15.0 | year precipitation mm = 1069.4 | unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm | Jan precipitation days = 3.8 | Feb precipitation days = 3.1 | Mar precipitation days = 4.0 | Apr precipitation days = 5.6 | May precipitation days = 7.1 | Jun precipitation days = 8.0 | Jul precipitation days = 12.9 | Aug precipitation days = 10.4 | Sep precipitation days = 5.5 | Oct precipitation days = 4.4 | Nov precipitation days = 5.9 | Dec precipitation days = 5.2 | year precipitation days = 75.9 | Jan snow days = 5.5 | Feb snow days = 3.3 | Mar snow days = 1.2 | Apr snow days = 0.1 | May snow days = 0.0 | Jun snow days = 0.0 | Jul snow days = 0.0 | Aug snow days = 0.0 | Sep snow days = 0.0 | Oct snow days = 0.1 | Nov snow days = 2.1 | Dec snow days = 5.9 | year snow days = 18.2 | Jan humidity = 65.2 | Feb humidity = 62.4 | Mar humidity = 63.9 | Apr humidity = 64.6 | May humidity = 70.6 | Jun humidity = 77.0 | Jul humidity = 85.5 | Aug humidity = 80.9 | Sep humidity = 72.9 | Oct humidity = 68.0 | Nov humidity = 69.6 | Dec humidity = 68.1 | year humidity = 70.7 | Jan sun = 188 | Feb sun = 184 | Mar sun = 213 | Apr sun = 224 | May sun = 235 | Jun sun = 197 | Jul sun = 133 | Aug sun = 188 | Sep sun = 210 | Oct sun = 215 | Nov sun = 164 | Dec sun = 169 |year sun = 2320 |source 1 = Korea Meteorological Administration{{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220129211112/https://data.kma.go.kr/resources/normals/pdf_data/northkorea_pdf_0104.pdf | archive-date = 29 January 2022 | url = https://data.kma.go.kr/resources/normals/pdf_data/northkorea_pdf_0104.pdf | title = 30 years report of Meteorological Observations in North Korea (1991 ~ 2020) | publisher = Korea Meteorological Administration | access-date = 24 March 2022 | language = ko | url-status = live | pages = 223, 333, and 345}} |source 2 = Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun, 1961–1990), | url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_470690_kt.pdf | title = Klimatafel von Haeju / Korea (Nordkorea) | work = Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world | publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst | language = de | access-date = 24 January 2016}}{{cite web | url = ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/observations_global/CLIMAT/multi_annual/sunshine_duration/1961_1990.txt | title = Station 47069 Haeju | work = Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration | publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171017195327/ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/observations_global/CLIMAT/multi_annual/sunshine_duration/1961_1990.txt | archive-date = 2017-10-17 | url-status = dead | access-date = 6 November 2016 | url = http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&id=1695 | title = Station Haeju | publisher = Meteo Climat | language = fr | access-date = 6 November 2016}} |date=November 2011
Administrative divisions
Haeju is divided into several urban neighborhoods ("dong") and several rural villages ("ri"). ::data[format=table]
| Chosŏn'gŭl | Hancha |
|---|---|
| Changch'un-dong | 장춘동 |
| Haech'ŏng-dong | 해청동 |
| Haeun-dong | 해운동 |
| Hakhyŏn-dong | 학현동 |
| Kuje-dong | 구제동 |
| Kwangha-dong | 광하동 |
| Kwangsŏk-tong | 광석동 |
| Kyŏlsŏng-dong | 결성동 |
| Namsan-dong | 남산동 |
| Okkye-dong | 옥계동 |
| Puyong-dong | 부용동 |
| Ryongdang-dong | 룡당동 |
| Saegŏri-dong | 새거리동 |
| Sami-dong | 사미동 |
| Sansŏng-dong | 산성동 |
| Sŏae-dong | 서애동 |
| Sŏkch'ŏn-dong | 석천동 |
| Sŏkmi-dong | 석미동 |
| Sŏnsan-dong | 선산동 |
| Sŭngma-dong | 승마동 |
| Taegok-tong | 대곡동 |
| Ŭpp'a-dong | 읍파동 |
| Yangsa-dong | 양사동 |
| Yŏnggwang-dong | 영광동 |
| Yŏnha-dong | 연하동 |
| Chakch'ŏl-li | 작천리 |
| Changbang-ri | 장방리 |
| Singwang-ri | 신광리 |
| Yŏngyang-ri | 영양리 |
| :: |
Culture and travel
Famous tourist attractions in the city center include Puyong Pavilion, the Haeju Dharani Monument, the Haeju Sokbinggo, and several trees classified as living monuments. Farther out, scenic spots include Suyangsan Falls, the Sokdamgugok scenic area, Suyangsan Fortress and the Sohyon Academy.
Economy
Haeju Special Economic Zone was announced in the Second Inter-Korean summit meeting between the South Korean president Roh Moo-Hyun and the North Korean supreme leader Kim Jong-Il. It was to be a Special Economic Zone centered on the Haeju port. The zone would have consisted of 16.5 km2 of development, and also the expansion of the Haeju port. This project was estimated to cost over US$4.5 billion.
This economic agreement between South Korea and North Korea would have allowed trading across the Northern Limit Line between the ports of Incheon and Haeju, only 110 km apart. Recent military skirmishes make any revival of this deal unlikely for the time being.
Transportation
Haeju has a military and civilian dual purposes air station (HAE), with a 12/30 runway (Haeju Airport). Haeju also has one of the major economic and military ports in North Korea. It is connected to Sariwŏn via the Hwanghae Ch'ŏngnyŏn Line of the Korean State Railway.
Education
Haeju is home to Haeju University of Education, Haeju College of Art, and Kim Je Won Haeju University of Agriculture. Sohyon Academy (소현서원) was a Confucian academy founded by the famous scholar Yi Yulgok (1536–84). It is situated in the Unbyong Valley west of Haeju.
Media
The Korean Central Broadcasting Station airs on AM 1080 kHz using a 1.5-megawatt mediumwave transmitter.
Sister cities
People born in Haeju
- Ch'oe Ch'ung (984–1068), Confucian scholar and poet
- Ch'oe Yun-ŭi (1102–1162), Confucian scholar
- Choe Manri (d. 1445), minister of Hall of Worthies
- Injo of Joseon (1595–1649), the sixteenth king of the Joseon dynasty in Korea
- Syngman Rhee, the first president of South Korea
- Kim Ku (1876–1949), last president of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
- An Jung-geun (1879–1910), independence activist who assassinated Itō Hirobumi
- Mirok Li (1899–1950), writer
- Kang Joon-ho (1928–1990), bronze-medalist Olympic boxer (1952)
- Jong Song-ok (1974), marathon gold-medalist & Olympic runner
Haeju is the home of the Haeju Choi and the Haeju Oh clan.
Notes
Citations
Bibliography
- .
References
- Keum, Jooseop. (2008). "Peace & Reconciliation". Ashgate.
- William Blum. (2004). "Killing Hope: US Military and CIA Interventions Since World War II". Zed Books Ltd..
- "중앙일보 - 아시아 첫 인터넷 신문".
- Seo, Yang Won. (2007-10-09). "해주 개발땐 비용 46억달러ㆍ경제효과 33억달러".
- Rodger Baker. (24 November 2010). "Importance of the Koreas' Northern Limit Line". [[STRATFOR]].
- (27 April 2008). "Agreements Signed between DPRK and Ecuador". [[Korean Central News Agency]].
- (30 September 2012). "Sister Relations Established between Cities in DPRK and Russia". [[Korean Central News Agency]].
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