Gymnobela

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Genus of gastropods

title: "Gymnobela" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["gymnobela", "raphitomidae"] description: "Genus of gastropods" topic_path: "general/gymnobela" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnobela" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Genus of gastropods ::

|image = Gymnobela engonia 001.jpg |image_caption = Gymnobela engonia |taxon = Gymnobela |authority = Verrill, 1884 |type_species = Gymnobela engonia |type_species_authority = Verrill, 1884 |synonyms_ref = | synonyms =

  • Majox F. Nordsieck, 1968
  • Watsonaria F. Nordsieck, 1968 |subdivision_ranks = Species |subdivision = See text

Gymnobela is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Raphitomidae.

This genus can sometimes be hardly differentiated from species in the genera Spergo Dall, 1895, Theta Clarke, 1959 and Speoides yoshidae Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961 (a synonym of Gymnobela yoshidae (Kuroda & Habe, 1961) )

This genus is highly diverse. It is rather an artificial assemblage of several unrelated genus-level lineages that are unrelated and mostly undescribed.

Description

The rather solid shell is in form and general appearance like Bela. The spire is generally rather short. The body whorl is swollen. The whorls are often shouldered. The sculpture is rather strong. The protoconch has a fine cancellated sculpture. The subsutural band is not strongly marked. The posterior notch of the lip is shallow and usually not very distinct. The operculum is absent.

Fossils have been found in Pliocene strata of Panama and Quaternary strata of Costa Rica (age range: 3.6 to 0.781 Ma).

Species

Species within the genus Gymnobela include:

; Species brought into synonymy:

  • Gymnobela adenicus [sic]: synonym of Gymnobela adenica Sysoev, 1996
  • Gymnobela agassizi [sic]: synonym of Gymnobela agassizii (Verrill & S. Smith [in Verrill], 1880)
  • Gymnobela bathyiberica Fechter, 1976 : synonym of Theta vayssierei (Dautzenberg, 1925)
  • Gymnobela blakeana extensa Dall, 1881 : synonym of Mioawateria extensa (Dall, 1881)
  • Gymnobela brevis Verrill, 1885: synonym of Gymnobela blakeana (Dall, 1881)
  • Gymnobela chariessa (Watson, 1881): synonym of Theta chariessa (Watson, 1881)
  • Gymnobela curta Verrill, 1884: synonym of Gymnobela aquilarum (Watson, 1882)
  • Gymnobela extensa (Dall, 1881): synonym of Mioawateria extensa (Dall, 1881)
  • Gymnobela fulvocincta Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896: synonym of Gymnobela fulvotincta (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896)
  • Gymnobela fulvotincta (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896): synonym of Austrobela fulvotincta (Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1896)
  • Gymnobela gregaria Sykes, 1906: synonym of Gymnobela leptoglypta (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896)
  • Gymnobela grundifera Dall, 1927: synonym of Daphnella grundifera (Dall, 1927)
  • Gymnobela gypsata (Watson, 1881): synonym of Austrobela gypsata (R. B. Watson, 1881)
  • Gymnobela holomera Locard, 1897: synonym of Gymnobela pyrrhogramma (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896)
  • Gymnobela homeotata (Watson, 1886): synonym of Gymnobela homaeotata (Watson, 1886)
  • Gymnobela imitator Dall, 1927: synonym of Pleurotomella imitator (Dall, 1927)
  • Gymnobela judithae Clarke, 1989: synonym of Mioawateria extensa (Dall, 1881)
  • Gymnobela leptoconchum Locard, 1897: synonym of Gymnobela emertoni (Verrill & Smith in Verrill, 1884)
  • Gymnobela lyroniclea [sic]: synonym of Gymnobela lyronuclea (A.H. Clarke, 1959): synonym of Theta lyronuclea (A.H. Clarke, 1959)
  • Gymnobela lyronuclea (A.H. Clarke, 1959): synonym of Theta lyronuclea (A.H. Clarke, 1959)
  • Gymnobela malmii (Dall, 1889): synonym of Mioawateria malmii (Dall, 1889)
  • Gymnobela micraulax Sysoev, 1997: synonym of Austrobela micraulax (Sysoev, 1997)
  • Gymnobela nudator (Locard, 1897): synonym of Bathybela nudator (Locard, 1897)
  • Gymnobela pinguis Locard, 1897: synonym of Gymnobela aquilarum (Watson, 1882)
  • Gymnobela procera Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001: synonym of Austrobela procera (Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001)
  • † Gymnobela pusula (Laws, 1947): synonym of † Acanthodaphne pusula (Laws, 1947)
  • Gymnobela pycnoides Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896: synonym of Mioawateria malmii (Dall, 1889)
  • Gymnobela pyrrhogramma (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896): synonym of Austrobela pyrrhogramma (Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1896)
  • Gymnobela recondita Tiberi, 1869: synonym of Gymnobela pyrrhogramma (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896)
  • Gymnobela rhomboidea Thiele, 1925: synonym of Mioawateria rhomboidea (Thiele, 1925)
  • Gymnobela sibogae (Schepman, 1913): synonym of Spergo sibogae Schepman, 1913
  • Gymnobela subangulata Verrill, 1884: synonym of Gymnobela aquilarum (Watson, 1882)
  • Gymnobela tenelluna (Locard, 1897): synonym of Bathybela tenelluna (Locard, 1897)
  • Gymnobela tenellunum [sic]: synonym of Gymnobela tenelluna (Locard, 1897): synonym of Bathybela tenelluna (Locard, 1897)
  • Gymnobela tincta Verrill, 1885: synonym of Gymnobela emertoni (Verrill & Smith in Verrill, 1884)
  • Gymnobela vayssierei (Dautzenberg, 1925): synonym of Theta vayssierei (Dautzenberg, 1925)
  • Gymnobela virgo (Okutani, 1966): synonym of Bathytoma virgo (Okutani, 1966)
  • Gymnobela watsoni (Dautzenberg, 1889): synonym of Mioawateria watsoni (Dautzenberg, 1889)

References

References

  1. Sysoev, Alexander. (1997). "Mollusca Gastropoda: New deep-water turrid gastropods (Conoidea) from eastern Indonesia". Mém. Mus. natn. Hist. nat.
  2. {{WRMS species. 137818. ''Gymnobela'' Verrill, 1884. 16 April 2010
  3. [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Peter_Stahlschmidt/publication/309911861_A_new_species_of_Gymnobela_Gastropoda_Raphitomidae_from_the_Central_Pacific/links/5826320708ae950ace6a80e4/A-new-species-of-Gymnobela-Gastropoda-Raphitomidae-from-the-Central-Pacific.pdf Stahlschmidt P. & Chino M. (2012) A new species of Gymnobela (Gastropoda: Raphitomidae) from the Central Pacific. Miscellanea Malacologica 5(6): 95-98]
  4. Criscione, Francesco, et al. (2020) "Where the snails have no name: a molecular phylogeny of Raphitomidae (Neogastropoda: Conoidea) uncovers vast unexplored diversity in the deep seas of temperate southern and eastern Australia." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.
  5. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7477234 Verrill A. E. (1884). ''Second catalogue of mollusca recently added to the fauna of the New England Coast and the adjacent parts of the Atlantic, consisting mostly of deep sea species, with notes on others previously recorded.'' Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 6(1): 139-294, pl. 28-32]
  6. [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Philippe_Bouchet/publication/270816111_Revision_of_the_Northeast_Atlantic_Bathyal_and_Abyssal_Turridae_Mollusca_Gastropoda/links/5572010a08ae752158671249/Revision-of-the-Northeast-Atlantic-Bathyal-and-Abyssal-Turridae-Mollusca-Gastropoda.pdf Bouchet & Warren, Revision of the North-East Atlantic bathyal and abyssal Turridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda); The Journal of Molluscan Studies, supplement 8, December 1980]
  7. {{WRMS species. 139242. ''Gymnobela abyssorum'' (Locard, 1897). 16 April 2010
  8. {{WRMS species. 433945. ''Gymnobela adenicus'' Sysoev, 1996. 16 April 2010
  9. {{WRMS species. 432720. ''Gymnobela africana'' Sysoev, 1996. 16 April 2010
  10. {{WRMS species. 139243. ''Gymnobela agassizi'' (Verrill & Smith, 1880). 16 April 2010
  11. {{WRMS species. 433946. ''Gymnobela agassizii'' (Verrill & Smith, 1880). 16 April 2010
  12. {{WRMS species. 433947. ''Gymnobela altispira'' Sysoev & Ivanov, 1985. 16 April 2010
  13. {{WRMS species. 433948. ''Gymnobela angulosa'' Sysoev, 1988. 16 April 2010
  14. {{WRMS species. 139244. ''Gymnobela aquilarum'' (Watson, 1882). 16 April 2010
  15. {{WRMS species. 432848. ''Gymnobela augusta'' Thiele, 1925. 16 April 2010
  16. {{WRMS species. 159777. ''Gymnobela bairdii'' (Verrill & Smith, 1884). 16 April 2010
  17. {{WRMS species. 433949. ''Gymnobela baruna'' Sysoev, 1997. 16 April 2010
  18. {{WRMS species. 159778. ''Gymnobela blakeana'' (Dall, 1881). 16 April 2010
  19. {{WRMS species. 433950. ''Gymnobela brachis'' (Dall, 1919). 16 April 2010
  20. {{WRMS species. 433951. ''Gymnobela brachypleura'' Sysoev, 1990. 16 April 2010
  21. {{WRMS species. 433952. ''Gymnobela brunnistriata'' Sysoev, 1990. 16 April 2010
  22. {{WRMS species. 432849. ''Gymnobela camerunensis'' Thiele, 1925. 16 April 2010
  23. {{WRMS species. 433953. ''Gymnobela ceramensis'' (Schepman, 1913). 16 April 2010
  24. {{WRMS species. 433954. ''Gymnobela chistikovi'' Sysoev & Ivanov, 1985. 16 April 2010
  25. {{WRMS species. 432721. ''Gymnobela chrysopelex'' (Barnard, 1963). 16 April 2010
  26. {{WRMS species. 139245. ''Gymnobela chyta'' (Watson, 1881). 16 April 2010
  27. {{WRMS species. 433955. ''Gymnobela clara'' Thiele, 1925. 16 April 2010
  28. {{WRMS species. 433956. ''Gymnobela crassilirata'' Sysoev, 1990. 16 April 2010
  29. {{WRMS species. 433957. ''Gymnobela dagama'' (Barnard, 1963). 16 April 2010
  30. {{WRMS species. 432722. ''Gymnobela daphnelloides'' (Dall, 1895). 16 April 2010
  31. {{WRMS species. 433958. ''Gymnobela dautzenbergi'' (Knudsen, 1952). 16 April 2010
  32. {{WRMS species. 433959. ''Gymnobela dubia'' (Schepman, 1913). 16 April 2010
  33. {{WRMS species. 420381. ''Gymnobela edgariana'' (Dall, 1889). 16 April 2010
  34. {{WRMS species. 139246. ''Gymnobela emertoni'' (Verrill, 1884). 16 April 2010
  35. {{WRMS species. 139247. ''Gymnobela engonia'' Verrill, 1884. 16 April 2010
  36. {{WRMS species. 433960. ''Gymnobela eridmata'' Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001. 16 April 2010
  37. {{WRMS species. 432850. ''Gymnobela erronea'' Thiele, 1925. 16 April 2010
  38. {{WRMS species. 433961. ''Gymnobela eugenia'' Sysoev & Ivanov, 1985. 16 April 2010
  39. {{WRMS species. 389523. ''Gymnobela felderi'' Garcia, 2005. 16 April 2010
  40. {{WRMS species. 420383. ''Gymnobela filifera'' (Dall, 1881). 16 April 2010
  41. {{WRMS species. 389524. ''Gymnobela fredericqae'' Garcia, 2005. 16 April 2010
  42. {{WRMS species. 139248. ''Gymnobela frielei'' (Verrill, 1885). 16 April 2010
  43. {{WRMS species. 433962. ''Gymnobela glaucocreas'' (Barnard, 1963). 16 April 2010
  44. {{WRMS species. 433963. ''Gymnobela gracilis'' Sysoev, 1990. 16 April 2010
  45. {{WRMS species. 433964. ''Gymnobela granulisculpturata'' Sysoev, 1990. 16 April 2010
  46. {{WRMS species. 432851. ''Gymnobela guineensis'' Thiele, 1925. 16 April 2010
  47. {{WRMS species. 433965. ''Gymnobela homoeotata'' (Watson, 1886). 16 April 2010
  48. {{WRMS species. 433966. ''Gymnobela illicita'' Dall, 1927. 16 April 2010
  49. {{WRMS species. 433967. ''Gymnobela ioessa'' Sysoev, 1997. 16 April 2010
  50. {{WRMS species. 433968. ''Gymnobela isogonia'' (Dall, 1908). 16 April 2010
  51. {{WRMS species. 139251. ''Gymnobela lamyi'' (Dautzenberg, 1925). 16 April 2010
  52. {{WRMS species. 432852. ''Gymnobela lanceata'' Dall, 1927. 16 April 2010
  53. {{WRMS species. 433970. ''Gymnobela laticaudata'' Sysoev, 1990. 16 April 2010
  54. {{WRMS species. 433971. ''Gymnobela latistriata'' Kantor & Sysoev, 1986. 16 April 2010
  55. {{WRMS species. 139252. ''Gymnobela leptoglypta'' (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896). 16 April 2010
  56. {{WRMS species. 433973. ''Gymnobela mitrodeta'' Sysoev, 1997. 16 April 2010
  57. {{WRMS species. 433974. ''Gymnobela muricata'' Sysoev, 1997. 16 April 2010
  58. {{WRMS species. 433975. ''Gymnobela nivea'' Sysoev, 1990. 16 April 2010
  59. {{WRMS species. 433976. ''Gymnobela oculifera'' Kantor & Sysoev, 1986. 16 April 2010
  60. {{WRMS species. 389525. ''Gymnobela petiti'' Garcia, 2005. 16 April 2010
  61. {{WRMS species. 139253. ''Gymnobela phyxanor'' (Watson, 1886). 16 April 2010
  62. {{WRMS species. 433978. ''Gymnobela pulchra'' (Schepman, 1913). 16 April 2010
  63. {{WRMS species. 433979. ''Gymnobela rotundata'' Sysoev, 1990. 16 April 2010
  64. {{WRMS species. 139255. ''Gymnobela subaraneosa'' (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896). 16 April 2010
  65. {{WRMS species. 433981. ''Gymnobela turrispira'' Sysoev, 1990. 16 April 2010
  66. {{WRMS species. 433982. ''Gymnobela verecunda'' (Barnard, 1963). 16 April 2010
  67. {{WRMS species. 433983. ''Gymnobela vicella'' (Dall, 1908). 16 April 2010
  68. {{WRMS species. 433984. ''Gymnobela virgo'' (Okutani, 1966). 16 April 2010
  69. {{WRMS species. 433985. ''Gymnobela virgulata'' Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001. 16 April 2010
  70. {{WRMS species. 433986. ''Gymnobela xylona'' (Dall, 1908). 16 April 2010
  71. {{WRMS species. 433987. ''Gymnobela yoshidai'' (Habe, 1962). 16 April 2010
  72. {{WRMS species. 420382. ''Gymnobela extensa'' (Dall, 1881). 16 April 2010
  73. {{WRMS species. 139249. ''Gymnobela fulvotincta'' (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896). 16 April 2010
  74. {{WRMS species. 420384. ''Gymnobela malmii'' (Dall, 1889). 16 April 2010
  75. {{WRMS species. 433972. ''Gymnobela micraulax'' Sysoev, 1997. 16 April 2010
  76. {{WRMS species. 433977. ''Gymnobela procera'' Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001. 16 April 2010
  77. {{WRMS species. 139254. ''Gymnobela pyrrhogramma'' (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896). 16 April 2010
  78. {{WRMS species. 433980. ''Gymnobela sibogae'' (Schepman, 1913). 16 April 2010
  79. {{WRMS species. 139256. ''Gymnobela watsoni'' (Dautzenberg, 1889). 16 April 2010

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gymnobelaraphitomidae