Gyalidea
Genus of lichen
title: "Gyalidea" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["gomphillaceae", "lichen-genera", "graphidales-genera", "taxa-described-in-1966", "taxa-named-by-antonín-vězda"] description: "Genus of lichen" topic_path: "general/gomphillaceae" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyalidea" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary Genus of lichen ::
| image = Fennoscandian crustose lichens (10.3897-mycokeys.25.13375) Figure 2B.jpg | image_caption = Gyalidea subscutellaris; scale bar=0.5 mm | taxon = Gyalidea | authority = Lettau ex Vězda (1966) | type_species = Gyalidea lecideopsis | type_species_authority = (A.Massal.) Lettau ex Vězda (1966) | synonyms_ref = | synonyms = *Actinopelte
- Aglaothecium
- Cappellettia
- Solorinella
- Solorinellomyces | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision =
Gyalidea is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Gomphillaceae. It has 50 species.
Description
Gyalidea forms a thin, crust-like thallus that sits flat on the substrate. It is usually smooth but may be faintly cracked, and in some species becomes slightly gelatinous when damp. The thallus often spreads as a diffuse film and lacks a distinct border (no ). The photosynthetic partner is a green alga of the Trebouxia type (), consisting of single, rounded cells embedded among the fungal threads.
The sexual fruiting bodies (apothecia) range from urn-shaped () to flat. They are typically pale cream through olive-brown to blackish brown, and can appear translucent when wet. The rim around the (the ) is well developed, raised, and generally darker than the centre. Inside, the spore-bearing layer (hymenium) is colourless in water but often shows a positive iodine reaction, staining yellow to reddish-brown. The apothecium is filled with many slender, partitioned threads (paraphyses) that rarely thicken at the tips; these, together with the spore sacs, are bound in a jelly-like matrix.
The spore sacs (asci) usually contain eight spores (occasionally fewer), and are thin-walled except for a slightly thickened cap (apical ) at the tip; they are iodine-negative in the standard K/I test and may show a small "ocular chamber". The ascospores themselves are colourless, ellipsoid to spindle-shaped, and divided by cross-walls—and in some species also by lengthwise walls—ranging from three-septate to brick-like (); the walls are often a little pinched at the divisions, and a thin outer coat () may be present. Asexual structures (pycnidia) occur as tiny black dots immersed in the thallus, producing rod-shaped conidia. Thin-layer chromatography has not detected characteristic lichen products in the genus.
Species
- Gyalidea asteriscus
- Gyalidea austrocoreana
- Gyalidea corticola – India
- Gyalidea diaphana
- Gyalidea fritzei
- Gyalidea fructicola – Europe
- Gyalidea fuscoclavata – South America
- Gyalidea goughensis – Tristan da Cunha
- Gyalidea hensseniae
- Gyalidea hyalinescens
- Gyalidea izuensis – Japan
- Gyalidea koreana – Korea
- Gyalidea lecideopsis
- Gyalidea luzonensis
- Gyalidea mayaguezensis
- Gyalidea oosumiensis – Japan
- Gyalidea pisutii
- Gyalidea poeltii
- Gyalidea polyspora – Europe
- Gyalidea rivularis
- Gyalidea ropalosporoides
- Gyalidea roseola
- Gyalidea subminuta
- Gyalidea subscutellaris
- Gyalidea vezdae
- Gyalidea vonkonratii
References
References
- (2015). "Notes on the genus ''Anisomeridium'' (lichenized Ascomycotina) from Madeira and the Azores (Macaronesia)". Phytotaxa.
- (2024). "Revisions of British and Irish Lichens".
- Gupta, P.. (2015). "A new ''Gyalidea'' species (Ascomycota: Solorinellaceae) from India". Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology.
- (2016). "''Gyalidea izuensis'' sp. nov. (Lichenized Ascomycota, Solorinellaceae), a semi-aquatic freshwater species from Shizuoka-ken, Central Japan". Lichenology.
- (2016). "''Gyalidea oosumiensis'' sp. nov. (lichenized Ascomycota, Solorinellaceae) from Kagoshima-ken, Kyushu, southwestern Japan". Lichenology.
- (2016). "New and noteworthy lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi 5". Acta Botanica Hungarica.
- (2019). "New and noteworthy lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi 8". Acta Botanica Hungarica.
- (2009). "A new terricolous species of ''Gyalidea'' (Gomphillaceae, Ascomycota) from Fiji". Nova Hedwigia.
- (2007). "''Gyalidea polyspora'' formally described from Norway and Sweden". Graphis Scripta.
- (2010). "New lichen species from Tristan da Cunha and Gough Island". Folia Cryptogamica Estonica.
- "Synonymy: ''Gyalidea'' Lettau ex Vězda, Folia geobot. phytotax. bohemoslov. 1: 312 (1966)". [[Species Fungorum]].
- (2007). "''Gyalidea fruticola'', a new corticolous lichen from Europe". The Lichenologist.
- (2012). "''Gyalidea fuscoclavata'' (Solorellinaceae), a new corticolous lichen from south-western Argentina". The Bryologist.
- Vězda, A.. (1966). "Flechtensystematische Studien IV. Die Gattung ''Gyalidea''". Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica.
- Vězda. (1990). "Solorinellaceae, eine neue Familie der lichenisierten Ascomyceten". Phyton.
- (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere.
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