Gungnae
Second capital of Goguryeo
title: "Gungnae" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["capitals-of-former-nations", "archaeological-sites-in-china", "major-national-historical-and-cultural-sites-in-jilin", "ancient-korean-cities", "former-capitals-of-korea", "world-heritage-sites-in-china", "goguryeo-fortresses"] description: "Second capital of Goguryeo" topic_path: "philosophy" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gungnae" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary Second capital of Goguryeo ::
::data[format=table title="Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| WHS | Guonei City |
| image | Corner of Gungnae Fortress (GuoNei Fortress).JPG |
| image_upright | 1.2 |
| caption | Gungnae |
| location | Ji'an, Jilin, China |
| part_of | Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom |
| criteria | (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v) |
| ID | 1135 |
| coordinates | |
| year | 2004 |
| area | 59.24 ha |
| embedded | {{Chinese |
| t | 國內城 |
| s | 国内城 |
| p | Gúonèi Chéng |
| w | Kuo-Nei Ch'eng |
| hanja | 國內城 |
| hangul | 국내성 |
| rr | Gungnaeseong |
| mr | Kungnaesŏng |
| locmapin | China Jilin#China |
| :: |
| WHS = Guonei City | image = Corner of Gungnae Fortress (GuoNei Fortress).JPG | image_upright = 1.2 | caption = Gungnae | location = Ji'an, Jilin, China | part_of = Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom | criteria = (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v) | ID = 1135 | coordinates = | year = 2004 | area = 59.24 ha | embedded = {{Chinese|child=yes |t=國內城 |s=国内城 |p=Gúonèi Chéng |w=Kuo-Nei Ch'eng |hanja=國內城 |hangul=국내성 |rr=Gungnaeseong |mr=Kungnaesŏng | locmapin = China Jilin#China | map_caption = |Criteria=}} Gungnaeseong () or Guonei () was the capital of the ancient Korean{{cite AV media | title = Complex of Koguryo Tombs (UNESCO/NHK) | medium = Youtube | publisher = UNESCO | date = 2010 | url = https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1091/video }} kingdom of Goguryeo, which was located in Manchuria and the Korean Peninsula. The perimeter of its outer fortress measures 2,686m. It is located in present day Ji'an city, Jilin province, northeast China. Because of its historical importance and exceptional architecture, Gungnae was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004. It is part of the Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom World Heritage Site, together with nearby Hwando Mountain City and the Onyeosan City, in modern northeast China.
History
Gungnae was chosen to become the capital city by the ruler, Yuri during the 10th month of the year 3 AD. The city was sacked several times until the rise of the 19th ruler, Gwanggaeto the Great, who greatly expanded Goguryeo's territory and made it a formidable power in northeast Asia. When King Gwanggaeto died in 413, his son, Jangsu of Goguryeo, inherited the throne and moved the capital down to Pyongyang in 427. The city played a central role of the kingdom after the power transfer.
Just before the fall of Goguryeo, Gungnae City fell to the Silla-Tang Chinese alliance when General Yŏn Namsaeng, son of Yŏn Kaesomun, surrendered the city in 666. Goguryeo fell in 668 when the Tang army captured Pyongyang and took King Bojang and Yŏn Namgŏn into custody.
Gallery
File:Statues and Gungnae Fortress (GuoNei Fortress).JPG|Modern statues in the ruins File:Stretch of Gungnae Fortress Wall (GuoNei Fortress).JPG|City wall File:Corner of Gungnae Fortress (GuoNei Fortress).JPG|A corner of the ruins
References
References
- [http://www.historyfoundation.or.kr/?bmode=view&stype=2&sidx=240&page=18&mode=&s_word=&bidx=37&search= The Capital City of Koguryo Viewed from the Satellite (enlarged edition)] Northeast Asian History Foundation, Retrieved 2015-06-27
- {{in lang
- "Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom". United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization.
- Water Jung, 《Nation building:the geopolitical history of Korea》, University Press of America, 1998. {{ISBN. 0761812733 p.18
- Hyon-hui Yi, Song-su Pak, Naehyeon Yun, 《New history of Korea》, Jimoondang, 2005, p.224 {{ISBN. 8988095855
- Ho-tae Cheon, 《The Dreams of the Living and Hopes of the Dead:Goguryeo Tomb Murals》, Seoul National University Press, 2007. {{ISBN. 8952107292 p.4, p.10
- Djun Kil Kim, "This history of Korea, 2nd edition", The greenwood histories of the modern nations, {{ISBN. 1610695828, p.43
- Northeast History Foundation, "Journal of Northeast Asian History" Vol.4 1-2. 2007. p.181
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