Graphonomics

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Study of handwriting and drawing

title: "Graphonomics" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["penmanship", "questioned-document-examination"] description: "Study of handwriting and drawing" topic_path: "general/penmanship" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphonomics" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Study of handwriting and drawing ::

Graphonomics is the interdisciplinary field directed towards the scientific analysis of the handwriting process, product, and other graphic skills. | last1 = Van Gemmert | first1 = Arend | last2 = Contreras-Vidal | first2 = Jose | date = October 2015 | title = Graphonomics and its contribution to the field of motor behavior: A position statement | url = https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167945715001323 | journal = Human Movement Science | volume = 43 | issue = | pages = 165–168 | doi = 10.1016/j.humov.2015.08.017 | pmid = 26365103 | access-date = September 18, 2020 | url-access= subscription

Researchers in handwriting recognition, forensic handwriting examination, kinesiology, psychology, computer science, artificial intelligence, paleography and neuroscience cooperate in order to achieve a better understanding of the human skill of handwriting. Research in graphonomics generally involves handwriting movement analysis{{citation |journal=Advances in Graphonomics|last=Van Gemmert|title=Studies on Fine Motor Control, Its Development and Disorders Human Movement Science 25.4-5 (2006): 447-53}} in one form or another.

History and conferences

The first international conference relating to graphonomics was held in Nijmegen, The Netherlands, in July 1982. The term 'graphonomics' was used there for the first time. | editor-last = Kao | editor-first = H.S.R. | editor2-last = van Galen | editor2-first = G.P. | editor3-last = Hoosain | editor3-first = R. | title = Graphonomics: Contemporary Research in Handwriting | place = Amsterdam, the Netherlands | publisher = Elsevier Science Publishers | series = Advances in Psychology | volume = 37 |date=September 1986 | chapter = Preface | pages = v | language = | isbn = 0-444-70047-1 | quote = During the [Nijmegen, 1982] Workshop week, an informal coinage of the word Graphonomics was greeted with enthusiastic reception by participants and a unifying concept to signify the multidisciplinary nature of the new science of handwriting research.}}

The second conference was held in July 1985 in Hong Kong and, at that meeting, a decision was taken to form the International Graphonomics Society. The IGS became a legal non-profit organization under Netherlands law on January 30, 1987.

Subsequently, an international conference, symposium and/or workshop has been held every two years. Past events have been held in various locations with most events having a specific theme.

IGS Publications

As the main academic body for graphonomics, the IGS publishes a biannual bulletin as well as proceedings of the biennial conference. The Bulletin of the International Graphonomics Society is published by the IGS in March and November each year and it is the primary means of communication among IGS members and the public. A complete list of past BIGS issues is available online.{{cite web |url=https://graphonomics.net/bigs/ |title=Bulletin of the International Graphonomics Society (BIGS) |publisher=International Graphonomics Society |accessdate=13 January 2011 |url=http://www.graphonomics.org/publications.php |title=IGS Special Issues & Proceedings |publisher=International Graphonomics Society |accessdate=13 January 2011

Research topics

Some research topics in graphonomics include:

  • Handwriting regeneration - the simulated production of a given recording of handwriting movement. This is realized not using recorded kinematic or kinetic signals but by an abstracted model of human movement control.
  • Handwriting generation - the process of producing handwriting (e.g. pen tip) movements. This usually implies the use of a computer simulation model which can generate handwriting movement and/or shape, producing newly generated text in a manner similar to the handwriting of an individual person.
  • Handwriting Production Fluency - Measures of the ability of handwriting in the integral of the absolute of the acceleration signal (velocity peaks), or alternatively the absolute of the integral of the jerk time function.

References

References

  1. Kao, H. (1986). "Graphonomics: Contemporary Research in Handwriting (Advances in Psychology)". Elsevier Science Ltd; 1 edition (September 1986).
  2. "IGS Past Conferences". International Graphonomics Society.
  3. "Conferences > Past Conferences". International Graphonomics Society.
  4. Tucha, Oliver, Lara Tucha, and Klaus W. Lange.. """Graphonomics, Automaticity and Handwriting Assessment." Literacy 42.3 (2008): 145-55. Print..".

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