Gibraltar Range

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Mountain range in Australia

title: "Gibraltar Range" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["volcanoes-of-new-south-wales", "northern-tablelands"] description: "Mountain range in Australia" topic_path: "geography/united-kingdom" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibraltar_Range" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Mountain range in Australia ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox mountain"]

FieldValue
nameGibraltar
parentGreat Dividing Range
listingMountains in New South Wales
countryAustralia
region_typeState
regionNew South Wales
highestSummit Mountain (New South Wales)
elevation_m1170
elevation_system
elevation_ref
coordinates
coordinates_ref
length_km100
length_orientationENE / NNE
length_ref
range_coordinates
range_coordinates_ref
mapNew South Wales
map_captionLocation of the Gibraltar Range in New South Wales
map_relief1
::

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|highest = Summit Mountain (New South Wales) |highest_location = |elevation_m = 1170 |elevation_system = |elevation_ref = |coordinates = |coordinates_ref = |length_km = 100 |width_km = |area_km2 = |length_orientation = ENE / NNE |width_orientation = |length_ref = |width_ref = |area_ref = |range_coordinates = |range_coordinates_ref = |formed_by = |geology = |period = |orogeny = |map = New South Wales |map_alt = |map_caption = Location of the Gibraltar Range in New South Wales |map_relief = 1 |relief =

The Gibraltar Range is a mountain range in the Northern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia. The range extends off the Great Dividing Range at Bald Nob about 25 km east northeast of and trends generally east northeast and north northeast for about 100 km to the junction of Timbarra and Clarence rivers. It forms the watershed between these two rivers.

Within the range is the Gibraltar Range National Park. Mines in the area have produced amalgamated ores of titanium, tin, gold, nickel, rhodium and iron. Recently, there have been forest fires or threats of forest fires in the Gibraltar Range.

Location and features

The Gibraltar Range is located in the northeastern part of New South Wales. The mountain range is the site of the Gibraltar Range National Park, one of the Gondwana Rainforests of Australia. The mountains are found in the Clarence Valley Council area. The range is inland of Grafton. The Gwydir Highway runs through the range and its national park.

The Gibraltar Range is defined by its high ridges and steep valleys that intersect plateaus. They were created in the middle of the Palaeozoic Era. Volcanoes found in the range date to the Late Permian (Lopingian) Epoch, with granite in the range dating to the Permo-Triassic. In the range are volcanic intrusions. They can be seen in "intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks which clearly pre-date the Great Escarpment."

The Gibraltar Range receives much rain. There is a surface water measurement station found in the range at Dandahra Creek that was opened on 10 May 1972. The area has a mean annual rainfall of 1146 mm with a mean annual run-off of 624 mm and mean annual run-off as a percentage of annual rainfall of 54 mm. The ranges have rock outcroppings and heath. The area is a Northeast Forest Lands. Amalgamated ores of titanium, tin, gold, nickel, rhodium and iron are found within the range.

Thickly forested highland areas cover part of the mountains, and there are isolated populations of Waratah. The rufous scrub-bird lives in the Gibraltar Range, although its population was slightly reduced due to a fire in 2002. The mountain range is also home to the Parma wallaby. During the 1850s, European fruit trees flourished at the base of the range.

Recent history

In the 1850s, there were mines in the mountains. In 1890s and 1900s, an area of the mountain range had been reserved for forestry. Construction of the first "sealed road" over the mountain range began in 1960. It allowed the first bicycle race from the town of Grafton on the East Coast to the town of Inverell on the Northern Tablelands. In 2002, forest fires were burning in the Gibraltar Ranges. In late 2007, two prison escapees were last spotted near the ranges and the police were looking for them. In October 2009, parts of the Gibraltar Range were closed because of the potential for bushfires.

References

References

  1. (2008). "Vegetation and floristic diversity in Gibraltar Range and part of Washpool National Parks, New South Wales". Cunninghamia.
  2. "Summit Mountain".
  3. "Gibraltar Range".
  4. (1995). "HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION, 1995, BIOLOGY, 2 UNIT". NSW Board of Studies.
  5. "Gibraltar Range National Park". Office of Environment & Heritage.
  6. "About council :: Clarence Valley Council". Clarence.nsw.gov.au.
  7. (1 November 1997). "New South Wales". Lonely Planet Publications.
  8. (1 November 1997). "New South Wales". Lonely Planet Publications.
  9. (2008). "The History of Geoconservation". Geological Society.
  10. (1987). "New South Wales rainforests: the nomination for the world heritage list". National Parks and Wildlife Service of N.S.W..
  11. (2009-05-13). "Water Resources - Availability - Surface Water Measurement Station". Anra.gov.au.
  12. (2009-06-07). "Water Resources - Availability - MS". Anra.gov.au.
  13. (2009-06-15). "Biodiversity Assessment - New England Tableland - Natural Values". Anra.gov.au.
  14. (2009-06-15). "Biodiversity Assessment - New England Tableland - Natural Values". Anra.gov.au.
  15. Hutton, Geoffrey. (1981). "Australia's natural heritage". Australian Conservation Foundation.
  16. (2012). "The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2010". Csiro Publishing.
  17. Australian Mammal Society. (June 1991). "Australian Mammal Society". Australian Mammal Society.
  18. (7 May 1895). "Reserved For Timber". National Library of Australia.
  19. (25 November 1902). "Gazette Notifications.". National Library of Australia.
  20. "Grafton to Inverell Cycle Classic History". Grafton to Inverell Cycle Classic.
  21. (2002-10-19). "New alert as 40 fires rage across state". smh.com.au.
  22. (2007-12-06). "Hunt continues for jail escapees - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Abc.net.au.
  23. (2007-11-30). "Hunt for violent prison escapees intensifies - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Abc.net.au.
  24. (2009-10-02). "North coast crews anticipate fire threat - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Abc.net.au.

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volcanoes-of-new-south-walesnorthern-tablelands