Gamma Tauri

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Multiple star in the constellation Taurus

title: "Gamma Tauri" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["g-type-giants", "horizontal-branch-stars", "hyades-(star-cluster)", "taurus-(constellation)", "stars-with-proper-names", "bayer-objects", "durchmusterung-objects", "flamsteed-objects", "henry-draper-catalogue-objects", "hipparcos-objects", "bright-star-catalogue-objects", "population-i-stars"] description: "Multiple star in the constellation Taurus" topic_path: "science/astronomy" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_Tauri" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Multiple star in the constellation Taurus ::

| name = γ Tauri | image= |image=Taurus constellation map.svg|alt=|float=center|width=260 |label=|position=right |mark=Red circle.svg|mark_width=10|mark_link=γ Tau |x=607|y=566 |caption=Location of γ Tauri (circled) | epoch = J2000 | ra = | dec = | appmag_v = 3.654 | constell = Taurus | type = red clump | class = G8III | b-v = +0.99 | u-b = +0.84 | variable = | radial_v = 38.7 ± 0.9 | prop_mo_ra = +115.29 | prop_mo_dec = -23.86 | parallax = 21.17 | p_error = 1.17 | parallax_footnote = | absmag_v = 0.22 | mass = 2.70 ± 0.13 | radius = 13.4 ± 0.2 | luminosity = 85 | temperature = 4,844 ± 47 | metal_fe = +0.11 | rotational_velocity = 4 | rotation = 253 days | gravity = 2.58-2.61 | age_myr = 430–530 | names = Prima Hyadum, Hyadum I, 54 Tauri, BD+15°612, FK5 159, HD 27371, HIP 20205, HR 1346, SAO 93868, GC 5226, WDS 04198+1538 Gamma Tauri (γ Tauri, abbreviated Gamma Tau, γ Tau) is either a solitary, binary or double star (the Washington Double Star Catalog notes it as a "Dubious Double" or "Bogus Binary") that marks the tip of the "V" in the constellation of Taurus. It is a member of, and located within about 2.5 parsecs of the center of, the Hyades star cluster, the nearest open cluster to the Sun. Based upon parallax measurements, Gamma Tauri is approximately 154 light-years from the Sun.

Considered as a pair of stars, the two components are designated Gamma Tauri A (officially named Prima Hyadum , the traditional name for the system) and B.

Nomenclature

γ Tauri (Latinised to Gamma Tauri) is the system's Bayer designation. The designations of the two potential components as Gamma Tauri A and B derive from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog (WMC) for multiple star systems, and adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).

Gamma Tauri bore the traditional name Hyadum I, which is Latin for "First of the Hyades". In 2016, the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN decided to attribute proper names to individual stars rather than entire multiple systems. It approved the name Prima Hyadum for the component Gamma Tauri A on 5 September 2017 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.

In Chinese, 畢宿 (Bì Xiù), meaning Net, refers to an asterism consisting of Gamma Tauri, Epsilon Tauri, Delta³ Tauri, Delta¹ Tauri, Alpha Tauri (Aldebaran), 71 Tauri and Lambda Tauri. Consequently, the Chinese name for γ Tauri itself is 畢宿四 (Bì Xiù sì), "the Fourth Star of Net".

Properties

Gamma Tauri presents as a spectral class G8 or K0 giant star with an apparent magnitude of +3.65. This star has passed through the main sequence phase is now a red clump giant, meaning it is using nuclear fusion of helium at its core to provide energy.{{cite journal | author1=de Bruijne, J. H. J. |author2=Hoogerwerf, R. |author3=de Zeeuw, P. T. | title=A Hipparcos study of the Hyades open cluster. Improved colour-absolute magnitude and Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=367 | issue=1 | pages=111–147 |date=February 2001 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20000410 | bibcode=2001A&A...367..111D|arxiv = astro-ph/0011565 |s2cid=55224801 }} Age estimates for Gamma Tauri range from 430 million{{cite journal | author1=Takeda, Yoichi |author2=Sato, Bun'ei |author3=Murata, Daisuke | title=Stellar Parameters and Elemental Abundances of Late-G Giants | journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan |date=August 2008 | volume=60 | issue=4 | pages=781–802 | bibcode=2008PASJ...60..781T | arxiv = 0805.2434 | doi=10.1093/pasj/60.4.781 |s2cid=16258166 }} to 530 million years.{{cite journal | author=da Silva, L. | title=Basic physical parameters of a selected sample of evolved stars | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=458 | issue=2 |date=November 2006 | pages=609–623 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20065105 |display-authors=etal | bibcode=2006A&A...458..609D|arxiv = astro-ph/0608160 | s2cid=9341088

The angular diameter of this star has been measured using the CHARA array to 2% accuracy. After correcting for limb darkening, this gives the stellar radius as 13.4 times the radius of the Sun.{{cite journal | author=Boyajian, Tabetha S. |display-authors=etal | title=Angular Diameters of the Hyades Giants Measured with the CHARA Array |date=February 2009 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=691 | issue=2 | pages=1243–1247 | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/691/2/1243 | bibcode=2009ApJ...691.1243B|arxiv = 0810.2238 |s2cid=17092177

References

References

  1. "Washington Double Star Catalog". United States Naval Observatory.
  2. "Naming Stars". IAU.org.
  3. (2010). "On the naming convention used for multiple star systems and extrasolar planets".
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  5. "IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)".
  6. "WG Triennial Report (2015-2018) - Star Names".
  7. {{in lang. zh ''中國星座神話'', written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, {{ISBN. 978-986-7332-25-7.
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  9. (1997). "The Hipparcos Catalogue". Astronomy & Astrophysics.
  10. (1953). "Fundamental stellar photometry for standards of spectral type on the revised system of the Yerkes spectral atlas". Astrophysical Journal.
  11. Evans, D. S.. (June 20–24, 1966). "The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities". [[International Astronomical Union]].
  12. (March 2008). "Vertical distribution of Galactic disk stars. IV. AMR and AVR from clump giants". Astronomy and Astrophysics.
  13. (1970). "A catalogue of stellar rotational velocities". Contributi Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova in Asiago.
  14. (July 2004). "Precise radial velocity measurements of G and K giants. Multiple systems and variability trend along the Red Giant Branch". Astronomy and Astrophysics.
  15. "NSV 1553 - Variable Star". [[Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg]].

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g-type-giantshorizontal-branch-starshyades-(star-cluster)taurus-(constellation)stars-with-proper-namesbayer-objectsdurchmusterung-objectsflamsteed-objectshenry-draper-catalogue-objectshipparcos-objectsbright-star-catalogue-objectspopulation-i-stars