Freesia

Quality 0.50 · 2 views · Updated 2 months ago

Genus of flowering plants

title: "Freesia" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["freesia", "iridaceae-genera", "flora-of-the-afrotropical-realm"] description: "Genus of flowering plants" topic_path: "general/freesia" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freesia" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Genus of flowering plants ::

|image = Freesia.jpg |image_caption = Cultivated freesias |display_parents = 2 |taxon = Freesia |authority = Eckl. ex Klatt |type_species = Freesia refracta |type_species_authority = (Jacquin) Klatt |synonyms_ref = |synonyms=

  • Anomatheca Ker Gawl.
  • Nymanina Kuntze

Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Christian Friedrich Ecklon (1886) and named after the German botanist and medical practitioner, Friedrich Freese (1795–1876). It is native to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The plants commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia species. Some other species are also grown as ornamental plants.

Description

They are herbaceous plants which grow from a conical corm 1 – diameter, which sends up a tuft of narrow leaves 10 – long, and a sparsely branched stem 10 – tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six petals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those formerly placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers.

Freesias are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the large yellow underwing.

Systematics

The genus was named in honor of Friedrich Heinrich Theodor Freese (1795–1876), a German physician.

; Species

  • Freesia andersoniae L.Bolus - the Cape Provinces, Free State
  • Freesia caryophyllacea (Burm.f.) N.E.Br. (syn. F. elimensis L.Bolus, F. parva N.E.Br., F. xanthospila (DC.) Klatt) - Heuningrug region in the Cape Provinces
  • Freesia corymbosa (Burm.f.) N.E.Br. (syn. F. armstrongii W.Watson, F. brevis N.E.Br., F. aurea Hend., F. odorata (G.Lodd. ex Bosse) Eckl. ex Klatt) - the Cape Provinces
  • Freesia fergusoniae L.Bolus - the Cape Provinces
  • Freesia fucata J.C.Manning & Goldblatt - Hoeks River Valley in the Cape Provinces
  • Freesia grandiflora (Baker) Klatt - Zaire, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Eswatini, northeastern South Africa
  • Freesia laxa (Thunb.) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning (syn. F. cruenta (Lindl.) Klatt) - from Rwanda + Kenya south to the Cape Provinces; naturalized in Madeira, Mauritius, Réunion, Australia, Florida, Argentina
  • Freesia leichtlinii Klatt (syn. F. middlemostii F.Barker, F. muirii N.E.Br., Freesia alba G.L.Mey. = F. leichtlinii subsp. alba (G.L.Mey.) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt) - the Cape Provinces; naturalized in Corsica, California, Florida, Argentina
  • Freesia marginata J.C.Manning & Goldblatt - the Cape Provinces
  • Freesia occidentalis L.Bolus (syn. F. framesii L.Bolus) - the Cape Provinces
  • Freesia praecox J.C.Manning & Goldblatt - the Cape Provinces
  • Freesia refracta (Jacq.) Klatt (syn. F. hurlingii L.Bolus) - the Cape Provinces; naturalized in France, Canary Islands, Madeira, Bermuda, St. Helena
  • Freesia sparrmanii (Thunb.) N.E.Br. - Langeberg in the Cape Provinces
  • Freesia speciosa L.Bolus (syn. F. flava (E.Phillips & N.E.Br.) N.E.Br.) - the Cape Provinces
  • Freesia verrucosa (B.Vogel) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning (syn. F. juncea (Pourr.) Klatt) - the Cape Provinces
  • Freesia viridis (Aiton) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning - Namibia, the Cape Provinces

Species of the former genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia:

Cultivation and uses

The plants usually called "freesias" in horticulture and floristry are derived from crosses made in the 19th century between Freesia refracta and Freesia leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the pink- and yellow-flowered forms of Freesia corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers ranging from white to yellow, pink, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated professionally in the Netherlands by about 80 growers. Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Due to their specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in hand creams, shampoos, candles, etc.; however, the flowers themselves are mainly used in wedding bouquets.

Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat rather than cup-shaped flowers.

File:Freesia refracta (Jacq.) Klatt (AM AK333551-2).jpg|Freesia plants in native habitat File:Flower March 2010-2.jpg|Freesia alba (F. leichtlinii subsp. alba) File:Freesia caryophyllacea 1DS-II 1-8705.jpg|Freesia caryophyllacea File:Freesia corymbosa KirstenboshBotGard09292010wildformB.jpg|Freesia corymbosa File:Freesia grandiflora KirstenboshBotGard09292010A.jpg|Freesia grandiflora File:Anomatheca laxa01.JPG|Freesia laxa File:FreesiaRefracta2.jpg|Freesia refracta (garden cultivar) File:PikiWiki Israel 42309 Plants of Israel.JPG|Variety of freesia cultivars File:Purple Freesia.jpg|Mauve-colored freesia cultivar File:Freesia verrucosa 97692625.jpg|Freesia verrucosa File:Freesia viridis.jpg|Freesia viridis in Curtis's Botanical Magazine, Volume 31: t. 1275, as Tritonia viridis File:Freesia viridis crispifolia 15935754.jpg|Freesia viridis subsp. crispifolia

References

Bibliography

  • Goldblatt, P. (1982) Systematics of Freesia Klatt (Iridaceae) J. South African Bot. 48:39-93.

References

  1. (2008). "The Iris Family: Natural History & Classification". Timber Press.
  2. "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]].
  3. Dutch flowerpaper, Bloemenkrant, publisher Verhagen, week 12-2015, see also http://issuu.com/twovisions/docs/bk_week_12_15?e=1360358/11894263
  4. Mathew, Brian. (1987). "The Smaller Bulbs". B.T. Batsford.
  5. Innes, Clive. (1985). "The World of Iridaceae". Holly Gate International.

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

freesiairidaceae-generaflora-of-the-afrotropical-realm