Duction

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title: "Duction" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["eye", "ophthalmology"] description: "Anatomical term for eye movements" topic_path: "general/eye" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duction" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Anatomical term for eye movements ::

A duction is an eye movement involving only one eye. There are generally six possible movements depending upon the eye's axis of rotation:

1. Abduction refers to the outward movement of an eye.
2. Adduction refers to the inward movement of an eye
3. Supraduction / sursumduction / elevation
4. Infraduction / deorsumduction / depression
5. Incycloduction / intorsion
6. Excycloduction / extorsion

Forced duction test

The forced duction test is performed in order to determine whether the absence of movement of the eye is due to a neurological disorder or a mechanical restriction.

The anesthetized conjunctiva is grasped with forceps and an attempt is made to move the eyeball in the direction where the movement is restricted. If a mechanical restriction is present, it will not be possible to induce a passive movement of the eyeball.

Notes

References

1. Kanski, JJ. ''Clinical Ophthalmology: A Systematic Approach.'' Boston:Butterworth-Heinemann;1989.
2. [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Forced_duction Forced duction - definition from Biology-Online.org]
3. Kunimoto D, Kanitkar K & Makar M. ''The Wills Eye Manual. Office and Emergency Room Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease.'' Fourth Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004

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