Donax trunculus

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Species of bivalve

title: "Donax trunculus" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["donacidae", "molluscs-described-in-1758", "animal-taxa-named-by-carl-linnaeus"] description: "Species of bivalve" topic_path: "general/donacidae" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donax_trunculus" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Species of bivalve ::

| image = Donax trunculus MHNT.jpg | image_caption = Donax trunculus, left valve | genus = Donax (bivalve) | species = trunculus | authority = Linnaeus, 1758 |}}

The truncate donax, abrupt wedge shell, wedge clam or coquina clam (Donax trunculus), is a bivalve species in the family Donacidae. ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Amarilladesma_mactroides_(Reeve,1854)-iNaturalist.org(4).jpg" caption="Wedge clam on the beach"] ::

It is native to the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of western Europe, where it is consumed as a food. The wedge clam prefers to live at depths of 0-2m and in clean, fine, and well sorted sand. These clams are efficient and rapid burrowers, and their survival relies heavily on the composition of the sand they burrow in. Their burrowing times vary based on the coarseness of the sand, which reflects their prevalence in these fine-sanded environments. The wedge clam is a popular food item for human consumption, but can carry heavy metals and hydrocarbon contaminations. As they are commonly consumed raw or lightly cooked, these contaminants are commonly present at the time of consumption. Despite this, the wedge clam is an efficient bioindicator of heavy metals and hydrocarbon contaminants in their environment.

With this species, as with many in its family Donacidae, it is easy to mistake the orientation of the valves, that is, to locate wrong the anterior and posterior ends of the animal and thus to mistake the right valve for the left one and vice versa (if there's no soft body left to give a reference), because the wedge clam's valves have some distinct features which are the opposite to what we see in the majority of the bivalves and can lead to confusion if we try to orientate the valves using these: first, Donax's umbo points backwards, towards the posterior end (instead of pointing forward, which is the common thing to happen in other bivalve families such as Veneridae); second, the anterior half of the valve (if you divide the valve in two by tracing a transverse axis from the umbo's point) is bigger, broader, more elongate, extends further away, while the posterior half is much shorter and reduced, which is exactly the opposite to the norm. However, if we ignore these unusual features, the valve can be readily oriented if we are able to make out the impression of the pallial sinus on the internal face of the valve: the pallial sinus, which is quite deep and prominent in this species, always opens towards the posterior end of the animal, with no exception. File:Donax trunculus 002.jpg|Donax trunculus trunculus right valve File:Donax trunculus 001.jpg|Donax trunculus trunculus left valve

File:Donax trunculus 008.jpg|Donax trunculus trunculus var. flaveolus right valve File:Donax trunculus 007.jpg|Donax trunculus trunculus var. flaveolus left valve

File:Donax trunculus 010.jpg|Donax trunculus trunculus var. subplanus right valve File:Donax trunculus 009.jpg|Donax trunculus trunculus var. subplanus left valve

File:Donax trunculus 004.jpg|Donax trunculus adriaticus right valve File:Donax trunculus 003.jpg|Donax trunculus adriaticus left valve

File:Donax trunculus 006.jpg|Donax trunculus anatinus right valve File:Donax trunculus 005.jpg|Donax trunculus anatinus left valve

Names in other languages

It is locally known as flion, flion tronqué, olive de mer, haricot de mer or telline (among other names) in French, lagagnon in the area of Arcaishon and Les Landes, which coincides with the Basque name of kadeluxa; tellin, tellina, telline, tenille or truille jòcula cautxa in Catalan of the Alguerès variant, coquina truncada or coquina in Spanish,cadelucha, coquina or navalliña in Galician, conquilha or cadelinha in Portuguese and Um El-Kholol in Egyptian Arabic, etc. In Australia, a very similar shellfish is locally known as "Pippies".

References

References

  1. {{EOL. 46474538. Donax trunculus, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian, USA. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  2. [https://www.termcat.cat/ca/cercaterm/donax%20trunculus?type=basic&thematic_area=&language= ''"Donax trunculus"''], TermCat. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  3. "Donax trunculus, Truncate Donax".
  4. Gosling, EM. (2015). "Marine bivalve molluscs". John Wiley and Sons.
  5. "The Depuration Effect on Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbons Contamination Levels in Donax trunculus and Its Influence on The Expression of Oxidative Stress-Related Genes: تأثيره على (Donax trunculus) تأثير التنقية على التلوث بالمعادن الثقيلة والهيدروكربونات الكلية في أم الخلول تعبيرات الجينات المرتبطة بالإجهاد التأكسدي.". Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. B, Zoology.
  6. [https://www.sealifebase.se/comnames/CommonNamesList.php?id=84579&genusname=Donax&speciesname=trunculus&stockcode=1915&lang=english ''"Donax trunculus"''], SeaLifeBase. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  7. [https://doris.ffessm.fr/Especes/Donax-trunculus-Flion-tronque-1365 "''Donax trunculus'' - Flion tronqué"] (in French), ''DORIS'' (''Données d'Observations pour la Reconnaissance et l'Identification de la faune et la flore Subaquatiques''). [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  8. ''cadelucha'' in the [[Bayonne]] region,[http://llengualigur.blogspot.com/2012/06/concordanca-2_13.html "Animals sedentaris, noms viatgers"], ''Llengua ligur i altres llengües del nord d'Itàlia'', 13 June 2012, with an excerpt from ''Trésor de la Langue Française'', which in turn cites ''Les algues et invertébrés marins despêches françaises'' (1992).
  9. in the [[Occitan language. Occitan]]-speaking area of the Mediterranean, ''tellina'' or ''arsella'' in [[Italian language. Italian]], ''tellerina'', ''tellina'' or ''escopinya francesa'' in [[Catalan language. Catalan]] (the latter variant used on Menorca),Lloris, Domènec and Messeguer, Sergi: ''Recursos Marins del Mediterrani. Fauna i Flora del Mar Català'' (in Catalan), Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament d'Agricultura, Ramaderia i Pesca, 2000, 2a edició 2002, p. 180.
  10. [http://www.avl.gva.es/lexicval/ "Tellerina"] in Diccionari normatiu valencià. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  11. [https://museudelapesca.org/recerca/recursos-digitals/directori-peixos-mediterrania/45.html ''"Donax trunculus"''] (in Catalan), Museu de la Pesca, Palamós. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  12. [https://slg.uib.cat/gabinets/gt/Nom-peixos/Els-noms-dels-peixos-i-mariscs.cid202832 "Els noms dels peixos i mariscs"] (in Catalan), Universitat de les Illes Balears. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  13. "Productes marins rars de la Costa Brava" (in Catalan), Jaume Fàbrega, ''Revista de Girona'', No. 183, July–August 1997, p. 31.
  14. Corbera Pou, Jaume: [https://books.google.com/books?id=SYWINznEzTgC&dq=%22j%C3%B2cula%22&pg=PA92 "Jòcula cauxta (plana, llisa i petita)" in ''Caracterització del lèxic alguerès. Contribució al coneixement del lèxic alguerès modern''], Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2000, 325 pages, p. 92.
  15. [http://www.ictioterm.es/nombre_cientifico.php?nc=194 ''"Donax trunculus"''] (in Spanish), ICTIOTERM database Andalucía. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  16. [https://www.asturnatura.com/especie/donax-trunculus.html ''"Donax trunculus"''] (in Spanish), Asturnatura. [Consulted 27-09-2021].

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