Djeoromitxí language
Endangered Yabutian language of Brazil
title: "Djeoromitxí language" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["yabutian-languages", "mamoré–guaporé-linguistic-area"] description: "Endangered Yabutian language of Brazil" topic_path: "linguistics" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djeoromitxí_language" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary Endangered Yabutian language of Brazil ::
::data[format=table title="Infobox language"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | Djeoromitxi |
| nativename | Djeoromitxi |
| states | Brazil |
| region | Rondônia, at the headwaters of the Rio Branco |
| ethnicity | 170 Djeoromitxí (2012) |
| speakers | 40 |
| date | 2007 |
| ref | e25 |
| familycolor | macro-je |
| fam1 | Macro-Gê |
| fam2 | Yabutian |
| iso3 | jbt |
| glotto | djeo1235 |
| glottorefname | Djeoromitxi |
| altname | Jabuti |
| map2 | Lang Status 40-SE.svg |
| mapcaption2 | |
| :: |
| name = Djeoromitxi | nativename = Djeoromitxi | states = Brazil | region = Rondônia, at the headwaters of the Rio Branco | ethnicity = 170 Djeoromitxí (2012) | speakers = 40 | date = 2007 | ref = e25 | familycolor = macro-je | fontcolor = white | fam1 = Macro-Gê | fam2 = Yabutian | iso3 = jbt | glotto = djeo1235 | glottorefname = Djeoromitxi | altname = Jabuti | map2 = Lang Status 40-SE.svg | mapcaption2 = Djeoromitxi or Jabutí (Yabuti) is an endangered Yabutian language that is spoken by only about fifty people (though including some children) in Rondônia, Brazil, at the headwaters of the Rio Branco.
Phonology
There is no tonal system in Djeoromitxí and accent is not contrastive. Morphophonological processes are rare.
Syllable structure follows a (C)V pattern.
Consonants
The table below shows the consonant phonemes of Djeoromitxí according to Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010).
::data[format=table title="[[Consonant|Consonants]]"]
| Labial | Alveolar | Velar | Glottal | Nasal | Plosive | Affricate | voiceless | voiced | Fricative | Approximant | Trill/Tap |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ps | |||||||||||
| bz | |||||||||||
| :: |
According to Pires (1992), [] is an allophone of // before high and medium round vowels, and [] is an allophone of // following the high nasal vowel //.
While /ps/ and /bz/ only occur before /i/, they are contrastive with the other bilabial obstruents.
According to Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010), /k/ is backed to [q] before [ʉ] and often aspirated before /ə/ and /u/. They state that /p/ is realized as [ɸ] or [pɸ] before back vowels and [ʉ].
When preceded by a personal prefix, or when starting the second element of a compound, /h/ becomes /r/. With some roots, /h/ can become /n/ in a similar manner.
Vowels
The tables below show the vowel phonemes of Djeoromitxí according to Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010).
The accounts of Pires (1992) and Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010) basically agree on the vowel phonemes.
::data[format=table title="[[Oral vowel|Oral Vowels]]"]
| Front | Central | Back | Close | Close-mid | Open-mid | Open |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| :: |
::data[format=table title="[[Nasal vowel|Nasal Vowels]]"]
| Front | Central | Back | Close | Open-mid | Open |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| :: |
According to Pires (1992), [] is an allophone of // in free variation with [] after //.
Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010) state that /ʉ/ is often realized as [ø].
Grammar
Djeoromitxí has nouns, verbs, adverbs and particles, with adjectives treated as intransitive verbs. Its syntax is noun-modifier and SOV or OVS in order.
The following examples demonstrate noun-modifier and SOV word order.
|paku nõtʃi Ø- hukʉkʉ |woman old 3- leave |'The old woman left'}}
| number = (2)|adʒɛ na ri kuka õ|you 3 DAT fruit give|'You give the fruit to him'
Pronouns and person markers
The following table shows Djeoromitxí pronominal forms.
::data[format=table]
| Pronoun | Possessive/Preposition | Intransitive subject | Transitive subject | Transitive object | 1st person singular | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person plural | Impersonal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hʉ | — | — | hʉ | — | |||||
| adʒɛ | a- | a- | adʒɛ | a-/adʒɛ | |||||
| na | i-/N | i-/na/N | na/N | i-/N | |||||
| hirʉ | hi- | hi- | hirʉ | hi- | |||||
| — | hi- | — | — | i-/ɛ- | |||||
| :: |
The use of the forms is illustrated in the following examples:
| number = (3)|hʉ hamə|I tired|'I'm tired'
| number = (4)|adʒɛ a- ramə|you 2- tired|'You're tired'
| number = (5)|nikʉ|field|'my planted field (with maize)'
| number = (6)|i- rawa|3- flower|'(its) flower'
| number = (7)|hʉ a- tʉmi adʒɛ|I 2- beat you|'I'm going to beat you'
| number = (8)|hʉ i- tɛ a- ri i- ũ adʒɛ|I 3- bring 2- DAT 3- give you|'I brought it to give to you'
References
Citations
Works cited
::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::