DB Class 23
Class of West German 2-6-2 locomotives
title: "DB Class 23" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["steam-locomotives-of-germany", "2-6-2-locomotives", "deutsche-bundesbahn-locomotives", "henschel-locomotives", "krupp-locomotives", "arnold-jung-locomotives", "esslingen-locomotives", "railway-locomotives-introduced-in-1950", "passenger-locomotives", "standard-gauge-locomotives-of-germany", "1′c1′-h2-locomotives"] description: "Class of West German 2-6-2 locomotives" topic_path: "geography/germany" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DB_Class_23" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary Class of West German 2-6-2 locomotives ::
::data[format=table title="Infobox locomotive"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | DB Class 23 |
| bgcolor | A00 |
| color | FFF |
| image | Steam locomotive BR 23.JPG |
| caption | 23 042 in Darmstadt-Kranichstein, May 2005 |
| powertype | Steam |
| builder | |
| builddate | 1950–1959 |
| totalproduction | 105 |
| whytetype | |
| uicclass | 1′C1′ h2 |
| DRGtype | P 35.18 |
| driver | |
| gauge | |
| leadingdiameter | 1000 mm |
| driverdiameter | 1750 mm |
| trailingdiameter | 1250 mm |
| tenderdiameter | 1000 mm |
| wheelspacing | |
| engine total | 9900 mm |
| drivers | |
| coupled | |
| tender total | |
| tendertruck | |
| tenderbogie | |
| wheelbasewithtender | 17625 mm |
| pivotcentres | |
| over buffers | 21325 mm |
| height | 4550 mm |
| axleload | 18.7 t |
| leadingbogie/pony | |
| coupled all | |
| coupled 1 | |
| coupled 2 | |
| coupled 3 | |
| trail bogie/pony | |
| tenderbogieload | |
| tenderaxle | |
| weightondrivers | 56.0 t |
| emptyweight | 74.6 t |
| serviceweight | 82.8 t |
| tendertype | 2′2′ T 31 |
| fueltype | Coal |
| fuelcap | 8 t |
| watercap | 31 m3 |
| fireboxtype | |
| firearea | 3.11 m2 |
| boiler | |
| boilertype | |
| pitch | 3250 mm |
| lengthinside | 4000 mm |
| smalltubediameter | 44.5 mm, 130 off |
| largetubediameter | 118 mm, 54 off |
| boilerpressure | 16 bar |
| safetyvalvetype | |
| fireboxarea | 17.10 m2 |
| tubearea | 64.53 m2 |
| fluearea | 74.65 m2 |
| totalsurface | 156.28 m2 |
| superheaterarea | 73.80 m2 |
| cylindercount | Two, outside |
| cylindersize | 550 x |
| valvegear | Heusinger (Walschaerts) |
| maxspeed | |
| operator | Deutsche Bundesbahn |
| fleetnumbers | 23 001 – 23 105 |
| retiredate | by 1976 |
| :: |
| name = DB Class 23 | bgcolor = A00 | color = FFF | image = Steam locomotive BR 23.JPG | alt = | caption = 23 042 in Darmstadt-Kranichstein, May 2005 | powertype = Steam | designer = | builder = | ordernumber = | serialnumber = | buildmodel = | builddate = 1950–1959 | totalproduction = 105 | rebuilder = | rebuilddate = | numberrebuilt = | whytetype = | uicclass = 1′C1′ h2 | DRGtype = P 35.18 | driver = | gauge = | leadingdiameter = 1000 mm | driverdiameter = 1750 mm | trailingdiameter = 1250 mm | tenderdiameter = 1000 mm | carrydiameter = | minimumcurve = | wheelbase = | wheelspacing = | engine total = 9900 mm | leading = | drivers = | coupled = | trailing = | tender total = | tendertruck = | tenderbogie = | wheelbasewithtender = 17625 mm | racksystem = | pivotcentres = | length = | over headstocks = | over buffers = 21325 mm | width = | height = 4550 mm | frametype = | axleload = 18.7 t | leadingbogie/pony= | coupled all = | coupled 1 = | coupled 2 = | coupled 3 = | trail bogie/pony= | tenderbogieload = | tenderaxle = | weightondrivers = 56.0 t | emptyweight = 74.6 t | serviceweight = 82.8 t | locoweight = | tenderweight = | locotenderweight = | tendertype = 2′2′ T 31 | fueltype = Coal | fuelcap = 8 t | watercap = 31 m3 | tendercap = | sandcap = | fireboxtype = | firearea = 3.11 m2 | boiler = | boilertype = | pitch = 3250 mm | diameterinside = | lengthinside = 4000 mm | smalltubediameter= 44.5 mm, 130 off | largetubediameter= 118 mm, 54 off | boilerpressure = 16 bar | safetyvalvetype = | feedwaterheater = | fireboxarea = 17.10 m2 | tubearea = 64.53 m2 | archarea = | fluearea = 74.65 m2 | tubesandflues = | totalsurface = 156.28 m2 | superheatertype = | superheaterarea = 73.80 m2 | cylindercount = Two, outside | cylindersize = 550 x | cylinderpressure = | valvegear = Heusinger (Walschaerts) | valvetype = | valvetravel = | valvelap = | valvelead = | transmission = | trainheating = | locobrakes = | locobrakeforce = | trainbrakes = | safety = | coupling = | maxspeed = | indicatedpower = | poweroutput = | tractiveeffort = | factorofadhesion = | operator = Deutsche Bundesbahn | operatorclass = | powerclass = | numinclass = | fleetnumbers = 23 001 – 23 105 | officialname = | nicknames = | axleloadclass = | locale = | deliverydate = | firstrundate = | lastrundate = | retiredate = by 1976 | withdrawndate = | preservedunits = | restoredate = | scrapdate = | currentowner = | disposition = | notes = The steam locomotives of Class 23 were German passenger train locomotives developed in the 1950s for the Deutsche Bundesbahn. They had a 2-6-2 wheel arrangement and were equipped with Class 2'2' T 31 tenders. They were designed to replace the once ubiquitous Prussian P 8 engines that had been built between 1908 and 1924 and, in their day, were the most numerous post-war replacement class.
Manufacture and Design
::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Class_23_in_Mosel_Valley_1972.jpg" caption="A class 023 working in the Moselle Valley, Easter 1972"] ::
From 1950, 105 examples of this newly designed class were manufactured for medium passenger train and light express train services. They had welded locomotive frames, boilers and tenders together with all the latest refinements of German practice. These included a superheated multiple-valve regulator and central lubrication of the least accessible parts of the running gear. Engines up to operating number 023 had Knorr surface preheaters and journal bearings. Locomotives with serial numbers 024 and 025, as well as those from 053 onwards were equipped with roller bearings for the axles and drive as well as mixer-preheaters. A small number of vehicles were given Heinl preheaters and several were equipped for push-pull train operations.
Last new steam locomotive in West Germany
Locomotive number 23 105, built by Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik and taken into service by the DB in December 1959, was the last steam engine to enter service in the Federal Republic of Germany. After its retirement it was stabled at the Nuremberg Transport Museum where it was severely damaged by the great fire in the locomotive shed on 17 October 2005.
Reclassification and retirement
On the introduction of the new DB numbering scheme on 1 January 1968 the class was redesignated as Class 023. The last few locomotives were retired in 1976 at Crailsheim locomotive depot (Bahnbetriebswerk or Bw).
Preserved locomotives
The following engines had been preserved as at September 2006:
- 23 019 in the German Steam Locomotive Museum (Deutsche Dampflokomotiv-Museum) at Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg in Upper Franconia, Bavaria, Germany.
- 23 023 at the Stoom Stichting Nederland in Rotterdam, Netherlands (operational since March 2019).
- 23 029 as a monument in front of the technical school in Aalen, Germany.
- 23 042 at the Darmstadt-Kranichstein Railway Museum in Hesse, Germany (operational).
- 23 058 with EUROVAPOR in Basel-Haltingen, Switzerland, is looked after by Club 41 073 e. V. (operational). Rented to the Friese Stoomtrein Maatschappij (FStM) in the Netherlands.
- 23 071 with the Veluwsche Stoomtrein Maatschappij in Apeldoorn, Netherlands (operational).
- 23 076 also with the Veluwsche Stoomtrein Maatschappij in Apeldoorn (operational since June 2007).
- 23 105 in the South German Railway Museum at Heilbronn (Süddeutsches Eisenbahnmuseum Heilbronn) in Baden-Württemberg, Germany (on loan from the DB until 2016).
Image: 2007-05-13 01 Lok 23042 vor dem Haltepunkt Urmitz (kl).jpg|On the Koblenz – Neuwied line Image: 2007-05-13 02b Lok 23042 in Urmitz (kleine Datei).jpg|Approach to Urmitz halt... Image: 2007-05-13 03 Lok 23042 in Urmitz, Haltepunkt Rheinbrücke (kl).jpg|... in front of the Rhine bridge Image: 2007-05-13 06 Lok 23042 in Urmitz (kl).jpg|Driving and trailing wheels of locomotive 23 042
References
References
- {{Ransome-Wallis Encyclopedia
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