Damanhur
title: "Damanhur" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["populated-places-in-beheira-governorate", "catholic-titular-sees-in-africa", "jewish-pilgrimage-sites", "medieval-cities-of-egypt", "metropolitan-areas-of-egypt", "governorate-capitals-in-egypt"] topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damanhur" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | |
| native_name | دمنهور |
| settlement_type | City |
| image_skyline | {{Multiple image |
| perrow | 1/3/2/2 |
| total_width | 305 |
| caption_align | center |
| image1 | Damanhour at Night.jpg |
| caption1 | Downtown |
| image2 | DamanhurMuhammadAbduh.jpg |
| caption2 | Mohamed Abdu Statue |
| image3 | Opera Sq.-Damanhour.jpg |
| caption3 | Opera Square |
| image4 | DamanhurTerraSantaChurch.jpg |
| caption4 | Terra Santa Church |
| image5 | ميدان جلال قريطم بمدينة دمنهور.jpg |
| caption5 | Galal Keraitam Square |
| image6 | دار أوبرا دمنهور.jpg |
| caption6 | Damanhur Opera House |
| image7 | مسجد الأتوبيس بدمنهور.jpg |
| caption7 | Autobus Mosque |
| image8 | استاد دمنهور.JPG |
| caption8 | Ala'ab Damanhour Stadium |
| border | infobox |
| image_flag | Governadorat de Biheira.png |
| image_seal | Emblem Beheira Governorate.jpg |
| motto | |
| pushpin_map | Egypt |
| pushpin_label_position | left |
| pushpin_relief | yes |
| pushpin_map_caption | Location within Egypt |
| coordinates | |
| subdivision_type | Country |
| subdivision_name | Egypt |
| subdivision_type1 | Governorate |
| subdivision_name1 | Beheira |
| established_title | |
| established_date | |
| leader_title1 | |
| area_footnotes | |
| area_total_km2 | 6.840 |
| area_land_km2 | |
| elevation_footnotes | |
| elevation_m | 9 |
| elevation_ft | |
| population_total | 329,572 |
| population_as_of | 2023 |
| population_footnotes | |
| population_density_km2 | auto |
| population_density_metro_sq_mi | auto |
| population_blank1_title | Ethnicities |
| population_density_blank1_sq_mi | |
| postal_code_type | |
| area_code | (+20) 45 |
| footnotes | |
| timezone | EET |
| utc_offset | +2 |
| timezone_DST | EEST |
| utc_offset_DST | +3 |
| :: |
::callout[type=note] the Egyptian city ::
| name = Damanhur | native_name = دمنهور | native_name_lang = | other_name = | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = {{Multiple image | perrow = 1/3/2/2 | total_width = 305 | caption_align = center | image1 = Damanhour at Night.jpg | caption1 = Downtown | image2 = DamanhurMuhammadAbduh.jpg | caption2 = Mohamed Abdu Statue | image3 = Opera Sq.-Damanhour.jpg | caption3 = Opera Square | image4 = DamanhurTerraSantaChurch.jpg | caption4 = Terra Santa Church | image5 = ميدان جلال قريطم بمدينة دمنهور.jpg | caption5 = Galal Keraitam Square | image6 = دار أوبرا دمنهور.jpg | caption6 = Damanhur Opera House | image7 = مسجد الأتوبيس بدمنهور.jpg | caption7 = Autobus Mosque | image8 = استاد دمنهور.JPG | caption8 = Ala'ab Damanhour Stadium | border = infobox | image_flag = Governadorat de Biheira.png | flag_size = | image_seal = Emblem Beheira Governorate.jpg | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Egypt | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_relief = yes | pushpin_mapsize = | pushpin_map_caption = Location within Egypt | coordinates = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Egypt | subdivision_type1 = Governorate | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name1 = Beheira | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_name3 = | established_title = | established_date = | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 6.840 | area_land_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 9 | elevation_ft = | population_total = 329,572 | population_as_of = 2023 | population_footnotes = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_metro_sq_mi = auto | population_blank1_title = Ethnicities | population_blank1 = | population_density_blank1_sq_mi = | population_note = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = (+20) 45 | website = | footnotes = | | timezone = EET | utc_offset = +2 | timezone_DST = EEST | utc_offset_DST = +3
Damanhur ( ar, ) is a city in Lower Egypt, and the capital of the Beheira Governorate. It is located 160 km northwest of Cairo, and 70 km E.S.E. of Alexandria, in the middle of the western Nile Delta. Damanhur is a historic city, whose history can be dated back to the Old Kingdom of Egypt. The modern city has also absorbed the ancient villages Shubra al-Jadida (, ), Tāmus (), Askanida () and Chortaso (, ).
Etymology
The city's modern Arabic name comes from Coptic p-Timinhor (, ), which in turn is derived from , also attested in Aramaic ().
The Greeks called the city Hermopolis Mikra ().
The name of the city suggests that Horus, whom Greeks equated with Apollo, was worshipped as the chief deity. However, the Greek name for the town, Hermopolis Mikra, suggests that Hermes/Thoth was the local god. This discrepancy is possibly due to a misinterpretation that persisted even after the Greeks had gained a better understanding of Egypt.
History
In ancient Egypt, the city was the capital of Lower Egypt's 7th Nome of A-ment. It stood on the banks of a canal which connected the lake Mareotis with the Canopic or most westerly arm of the Nile.
The city attracted the notice of numerous ancient geographers, including Stephanus of Byzantium s. v., Strabo (xvii. p. 802), Ptolemy (iv. 5. § 46), and the author of the Antonine Itinerary (p. 154). It is a Roman Catholic titular see.
It was first made a provincial capital under Fatimid rule in 11th century, and in the Middle Ages it prospered as a caravan town on the post road from Cairo to Alexandria. It was severely damaged in 1302 by an earthquake, but in the late 14th century the Mamluk sultan Barquq restored its fortifications to protect the city from Bedouins.
In 1799, the city revolted against the French, who cruelly crushed the rebels, killing 1,500.
In 1986, the population of Damanhur was 188,939. The richly cultivated Beheira province gives rise to mainly agricultural industries which include cotton ginning, potato processing, and date picking. It also has a market for cotton and rice.
On the 10th of February 2023 six people, including three boys, were killed and at least 20 injured when an apartment building collapsed.
Notable people
Climate
Being located close to the Nile Delta and the northern coast of Egypt, that give Damanhur a hot desert climate (Köppen: BWh), moderated by blowing winds coming from the Mediterranean Sea, typical to the coast. The city gets average precipitation during winter, and rare rain during other seasons. Hail and frost are not unknown specifically during winter.
|metric first=y |single line=y |location = Damanhur |Jan high C = 20.0 |Feb high C = 20.0 |Mar high C = 22.8 |Apr high C = 27.2 |May high C = 30.0 |Jun high C = 32.2 |Jul high C = 32.8 |Aug high C = 32.8 |Sep high C = 31.1 |Oct high C = 30.0 |Nov high C = 26.1 |Dec high C = 21.1 | year high C = |Jan mean C = 13.9 |Feb mean C = 13.9 |Mar mean C = 17.2 |Apr mean C = 18.9 |May mean C = 22.8 |Jun mean C = 25.0 |Jul mean C = 26.1 |Aug mean C = 27.2 |Sep mean C = 25.0 |Oct mean C = 22.8 |Nov mean C = 20.0 |Dec mean C = 16.1 | year mean C = |Jan low C = 7.5 |Feb low C = 7.9 |Mar low C = 9.6 |Apr low C = 12.1 |May low C = 15.5 |Jun low C = 18.2 |Jul low C = 20.0 |Aug low C = 20.4 |Sep low C = 18.9 |Oct low C = 17.0 |Nov low C = 13.9 |Dec low C = 9.6 | year low C = |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 25 |Feb rain mm = 21 |Mar rain mm = 9 |Apr rain mm = 2 |May rain mm = 2 |Jun rain mm = 0 |Jul rain mm = 0 |Aug rain mm = 0 |Sep rain mm = 0 |Oct rain mm = 5 |Nov rain mm = 9 |Dec rain mm = 23 |year rain mm = | Jan humidity = 81 | Feb humidity = 78 | Mar humidity = 76 | Apr humidity = 67 | May humidity = 62 | Jun humidity = 63 | Jul humidity = 67 | Aug humidity = 71 | Sep humidity = 75 | Oct humidity = 77 | Nov humidity = 79 | Dec humidity = 80 | year humidity = |source 1 = Arab Meteorology Book{{cite web | url = http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf | title = Appendix I: Meteorological Data | publisher = Springer | access-date = 14 October 2024 | archive-date = March 4, 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072830/http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf | url-status = dead |date=14 October 2024
References
References
- "Damanhūr (Kism (fully urban), Egypt) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location".
- "Egypt: Administrative Division (Governorates and Districts) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
- Peust, Carsten. "Die Toponyme vorarabischen Ursprungs im modernen Ägypten".
- (1818). "Carte geographique de l'Egypte et des pays environnans by Pierre Jacotin".
- Stefan, Timm. (1988). "Das christlich-koptische Agypten in arabischer Zeit".
- "TM Places".
- (1920). "An Egyptian hieroglyphic dictionary: with an index of English words, king list and geological list with indexes, list of hieroglyphic characters, coptic and semitic alphabets, etc. Vol II". [[John Murray (publishing house).
- Bernand, A.. (2021-12-13). "Hermopolis Mikra: a Pleiades place resource".
- {{Cite EB1911
- [[Champollion]], ''L'Egypte'', vol. ii. p. 249
- Hendawi, Hamza. (2023-02-10). "Three boys among six killed in building collapse north of Cairo".
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