Clogging

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Fast-footwork folk dance

title: "Clogging" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["tap-dance", "uses-of-shoes", "culture-of-appalachia", "american-folk-dances"] description: "Fast-footwork folk dance" topic_path: "arts" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clogging" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Fast-footwork folk dance ::

::callout[type=note] a form of folk dance practised in the United States, but originally from Ireland ::

Clogging, buck dancing, or flatfoot dancing is a type of folk dance practiced in the United States, in which the dancer's footwear is used percussively by striking the heel, the toe, or both against a floor or each other to create audible rhythms, usually to the downbeat with the heel keeping the rhythm. Clogging can be found at various Old-Time and Bluegrass Music festivals.

Clogging is the official state dance of Kentucky and North Carolina.

Antecedents

In the United States, team clogging originated from square dance teams in Asheville, North Carolina's Mountain Dance and Folk Festival (1928), organized by Bascom Lamar Lunsford in the Appalachian region.

The Soco Gap Dancers performed at the White House in 1939, which caused an uptick in the popularity of team clogging.

American Clogging is associated with the predecessor to bluegrass—"old-time" music, which is based on English, and Irish fiddle tunes by European Americans as well as African American banjo tunes. Clogging primarily developed from Irish step dancing called Sean-nós dance; there were also English, Scottish, German, and Cherokee step dances, as well as African rhythms and movement influences too. It was from clogging that tap dance eventually evolved. Now, many clogging teams compete against other teams for prizes such as money and trophies.

Terminology

The term "buck", as in buck dancing, is traceable to the West Indies and is derived from a Tupi Indian word denoting a frame or hurdle for drying and smoking meat; the original po bockarau or buccaneers were sailors who ate smoked meat and fish after the manner of the Indians. Another source states that the word bockorau can be traced to the "Angolan" word "buckra', and was used to refer to white people, which is disputed. Eventually the term came to describe Irish immigrant sailors whose jig dance was known as 'the buck'."

One source states that buck dancing was the earliest combination of the basic shuffle and tap steps performed to syncopated rhythms in which accents are placed not on the straight beat, as with the jigs, clogs, and other dances of European origin, but on the downbeat or offbeat, a style derived primarily from the rhythms of African tribal music.

Yet another etymology of the word argues that it derives from the word "buck", used as a pejorative term for African American men in the 19th century. Buck dancing was popularized in the United States by minstrel performers by European American men in blackface who would engage in African American stereotypes in the late 19th century during their shows. Many folk festivals and fairs utilize dancing clubs or teams to perform both Buck and regular clogging for entertainment.

References

Notes

Bibliography

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  • {{Citation |url=http://www.adelaidebluegrasscloggers.com.au/history.htm |title=History of clogging |publisher=Adelaide Bluegrass Cloggers |access-date=24 April 2010 |ref= |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091015112532/http://www.adelaidebluegrasscloggers.com.au/history.htm |archive-date=15 October 2009

  • {{Citation | last = Cahill | first = Mike | title = Clogs | date = 14 June 2008 | url = http://www.clogger.eu/ | access-date = 20 February 2016 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160305081332/http://www.clogger.eu/ | archive-date = 5 March 2016

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  • {{Citation | title = Clogging: How it's different from tap | date = 24 June 2009 | work = Dance Spirit | publisher = Dance Media | url = http://www.dancespirit.com/how-to/tap/Clogging_How_its_different_from_tap/ | access-date = 20 February 2016 | ref = CITEREFClogging2009 | archive-date = 5 March 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160305065921/http://www.dancespirit.com/how-to/tap/Clogging_How_its_different_from_tap/ | url-status = dead

  • {{Citation | last = Hashaw | first = Tim | date = 2007 | title = Children of Perdition: Melungeons and the struggle of mixed America | publisher = Mercer University Press | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=eJL8ZfV7fosC&q=bockorau&pg=PA42 | isbn = 978-0-88146-013-1

  • {{Citation | editor-last1 = Spalding | editor-first1 = Susan Eike | editor-last2 = Woodside | editor-first2 = Jane Harris | year = 1995 | title = Communities in Motion: dance, community, and tradition in America's Southeast and beyond | place = Westport, Connecticut, US | publisher = Greenwood Press

  • Frank X. Bonner (1983) Clogging and the Southern Appalachian Square Dance, Creative Imprints of Marietta, Georgia, US

References

  1. "E-WV | Flatfoot Dancing".
  2. (12 July 2006). "2.101 State dance.". [[Legislature of Kentucky]].
  3. Stroup, Jane Shaw. (2025). "Clogging: North Carolina’s Official Folk Dance".
  4. Thompson, Jessica Lee. (2006). "State Dance: Clogging and Shagging".
  5. Tabler, Dave. (2018-04-24). "Appalachian clog dancing".
  6. "Clogging History, Notation & Abbreviations".
  7. Kirkpatrick, Ian. "Competition Clogging: Preservation And Innovation in Mountain Folk Dance".
  8. (2009). "The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture: Volume 14: Folklife". UNC Press.
  9. "Styles of Appalachian Clog Dance".

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

tap-danceuses-of-shoesculture-of-appalachiaamerican-folk-dances