Carpenter frog

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Species of amphibian

title: "Carpenter frog" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["lithobates", "endemic-amphibians-of-the-united-states", "amphibians-described-in-1891", "taxa-named-by-edward-drinker-cope", "taxonomy-articles-created-by-polbot"] description: "Species of amphibian" topic_path: "geography/united-states" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpenter_frog" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Species of amphibian ::

| name = Carpenter frog | image = Carpenter frog (Rana virgatipes).jpg | image_caption = This frog was found in northern Florida. | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = | status2 = G4 | status2_system = TNC | status2_ref = | taxon = Lithobates virgatipes | authority = (Cope, 1891) | synonyms = Rana virgatipes Cope, 1891

The carpenter frog (Lithobates virgatipes) is a species of true frog found on coastal plain of the Atlantic coast of the United States between central New Jersey and northeastern Florida.

Identification

Carpenter frogs are distinguished by their all brown color with two yellow stripes on each side of the back. Their tail is gray in color and their underside is normally white or yellow. Unlike other frogs the webbing on their toes does not reach the longest toe. Carpenter frogs are recognized by their call which resembles a carpenter hammering, which gives them their name. They have ectothermic, heterothermic and bilateral symmetry. The frog's throat pouch is spherical shaped when inflated. Full grown frogs are medium-sized 4.1-6.6 centimeters.

Habitat

The carpenter frog is found in the Atlantic coastal plains in the United States. They are usually found in water and rarely on land. The carpenter frog adapted to be able to live in acidic waters. The frog has been observed in cypress ponds, interdunal swales, tupelo swamps, acid swamps, canals, and is associated with sphagnum mats and other vegetation in coffee-colored waters of pine savanna bogs or ponds. They most commonly are found in relatively acidic water abundant Sphagnum or other vegetation leading to being sometimes referred to "sphagnum frogs." They depend on aquatic vegetation in shallow waters for protection and breeding.

Reproduction

Carpenter frogs are prolonged breeders with a breeding season between 2–3 months. The breeding season typically occurs with onset of warm weather in late April and continues until late July or early August. Males maintain territories with a median radius of 1 meter and produce mating calls on most nights of the breeding season. Intensity of the calls varies according to body size, with smaller males having high pitched calls of lower intensity relative to larger males. Their calls resemble the sound of a carpenter hammer, which is the origin of their common name. They exhibit five different call types with each one being reserved for a different social interaction. Calling activity occurs between sunset and sunrise but peaks near midnight.

Life cycle

Tadpoles hatch from eggs approximately one week after laying, and remain in this state for approximately 1 year. Between August and September, tadpoles will metamorphose into juvenile frogs.

Diet

Carpenter frogs eat a majority of aquatic insects and invertebrates such as small crickets, bug larva, and spiders.

Threats

One of the main reasons that the carpenter frog has become of special concern is due to its susceptibility to habitat loss and degradation. In the 1990s the carpenter frog population in Talbot County was found to be severely decreased as a possible result of habitat degradation. (Given, 1999; White and White, 2002) In South Georgia the Carpenter Frog is considered a common species although it has a limited range. Considering that the Carpenter Frog requires wetland areas with large amounts of submerged vegetation for breeding, human disturbances, such as ditching and urbanization, to such environments have and will continue to impact the species. ("Conservation Plans for Biotic Regions in Florida Containing Multiple Rare or Declining Wildlife Taxa", 2003)

Because it is known to thrive in acidic waters, throughout time the neutralization of water, specifically in the Delmarva region, has had a great impact on its decline in population because they are unable to adapt. As wetlands become less acidic, it becomes a new habitat for a larger variety of frogs and other species that can thrive in these conditions. It is suggested that predation also plays a role in the decline of their population. These larger frogs include more aggressive species such as northern green frogs which can potentially be a great threat to the carpenter frog. The presence of American Bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) and Pig Frogs (Lithobates grylio) have also negatively affected the species. Apart from other frogs becoming a threat to the carpenter frog, some research suggests that water snakes (Nerodia) also prey on the carpenter frog.

References

  • Baker, Christina. "Carpenter Frog (Rana [Lithobates] Virgatipes)." Species Profile: Carpenter Frog (Rana [Lithobates] Virgatipes). Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, n.d. Web. 22 Oct. 2014.
  • "Carpenter Frog - North Carolina." Carpenter Frog - North Carolina. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.
  • "Maryland Department of Natural Resources." Carpenter Frog. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.
  • "New Jersey Endangered and Threatened Species Field Guide." Wildlife Field Guide for New Jersey's Endangered and Threatened Species. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.
  • "Reptiles and Amphibians of Virginia." Carpenter Frog. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.
  • Species Information: Carpenter Frog (Lithobates Virgatipes). Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.

References

  1. IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2014). "''Lithobates virgatipes''".
  2. "''Lithobates virgatipes''".
  3. Frost, Darrel R.. (2014). "''Lithobates virgatipes'' (Cope, 1891)". American Museum of Natural History.
  4. "Wildlife Field Guide for New Jersey's Endangered and Threatened Species - Conserve Wildlife Foundation of New Jersey".
  5. "Carpenter Frog ''Rana virgatipes''". University of Florida.
  6. "Virginia Herpetological Society".
  7. "Species Information: Carpenter frog (Lithobates virgatipes)".
  8. "Carpenter Frog - North Carolina".
  9. Given, M.F. 1987. Vocalizations and Acoustic Interactions of the Carpenter Frog, ''Rana virgatipes''. Herpetologica 43:467-481.
  10. Given, M.F. 1987. Growth rate and the cost of calling activity in male carpenter frogs, ''Rana virgatipes''. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 22:153-160.
  11. Given, M.F. 1988b. Territoriality and Aggressive Interactions of Male Carpenter Frogs, ''Rana virgatipes''. Copeia 1988:411-421.
  12. Given, Mac. (1987). Vocalizations and acoustic interactions of the carpenter frog, Rana virgatipes. Herpetologica. 43. 467-481.
  13. After mating, females lay globular egg masses of 200-600 eggs attached to underwater vegetation up to 8 inches deep.Livezey, R.L. and A.H. Wright. 1947. A Synoptic Key to the Salientian Eggs of the United States. American Midland Naturalist 37:179-222.
  14. "Carpenter Frog - True Frogs (Family Ranidae) - Discover Maryland's Herps - Wildlife and Heritage Service - Maryland Department of Natural Resources".
  15. "Species Profile: Carpenter Frog (Rana [Lithobates] virgatipes) | SREL Herpetology".

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lithobatesendemic-amphibians-of-the-united-statesamphibians-described-in-1891taxa-named-by-edward-drinker-copetaxonomy-articles-created-by-polbot