Camopi

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Commune in French Guiana, France

title: "Camopi" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["camopi", "communes-of-french-guiana", "indigenous-villages-in-french-guiana"] description: "Commune in French Guiana, France" topic_path: "geography/france" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camopi" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Commune in French Guiana, France ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox French commune"]

FieldValue
nameCamopi
commune statusCommune
imageVillage de Camopi.jpg
captionAerial view of Camopi
adjustable mapLocator map of Camopi 2022.png
map captionLocation of the commune (in red) within French Guiana
arrondissementSaint-Georges
INSEE97356
postal code97330
mayorLaurent Yawalou
term2020–2026
intercommunalityEst Guyanais
coordinates
area km210030
population
population date
population footnotes
::

|name = Camopi |commune status = Commune |image = Village de Camopi.jpg |caption = Aerial view of Camopi |image coat of arms = |adjustable map = Locator map of Camopi 2022.png |map caption = Location of the commune (in red) within French Guiana |arrondissement = Saint-Georges |canton = |INSEE = 97356 |postal code = 97330 |mayor = Laurent Yawalou |term = 2020–2026 |intercommunality = Est Guyanais |coordinates = |elevation m = |elevation min m = |elevation max m = |area km2 = 10030 |population = |population date = |population footnotes =

Camopi (; ) is a commune of French Guiana, an overseas region and department of France located in South America. Camopi is mainly inhabited by Amerindians of the Wayampi and Teko tribes.

History

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Camopi.JPG" caption="Entrance to the Camopi encampment of the [[3rd Foreign Infantry Regiment]]."] ::

In 1738, a Jesuit mission opened on the river Oyapock near the current town of Camopi. The missionaries brought European diseases and caused a depopulation. In 1763, the Jesuits left and most of the population dispersed.

During the 18th and 19th century, the Teko had moved into the area which had been home to the Wayampi, and by the 1830s, their territories overlap, however the tribes remained isolated. In 1930s, France and Brazil renewed their interest in the area, and wanted to establish borders. Medical facilities were established in the mid-1950s followed by a school. In the 1960s attempts were made to group the population into bigger villages with limited success. A granman (paramount chief) was installed according to the Maroon hierarchy, but failed to catch on.

In 1969, the town of Camopi was established. Parts of the tribes rejected the modernisations, and in 1970 access to the commune had been restricted. In 1987, Jacques Chirac as Prime Minister had established Zones of Collective Use Rights (ZDUC). ZDUC means that the villages have communal land for hunting, fishing, agriculture and gathering.

In the late 1980s, gold had been discovered around the river Camopi. Illegal gold miners have moved into area, and villages of Vila Brasil and Ilha Bela had been established opposite the town of Camopi on the other side of the river Oyapock. The 3rd Foreign Infantry Regiment has set up a camp to protect the border. Even though Vila Brasil had been built illegally in a nature reserve, Brazil designated Vila Brasil as a district of the municipality in 2011. In 2013, the access to the village of Camopi was no longer restricted, and the town had slowly opened for tourism. The southern village cluster of Trois Sauts still requires a special permit from the Prefecture. In the early 21st century, the Amerindians started to build hamlets with subsistence farms several kilometres from the town of Camopi. By 2010, there were 45 hamlets, and most had left the main town.

Geography

With a land area of 10,030 km2, it is the third-largest commune of France.

The village of Camopi, seat of the commune, lies on the border with Brazil at the confluence of the rivers Camopi and Oyapock. The commune can only be reached by boat or via the air. It is served by Camopi Airport.

Mont Itoupé, the second highest mountain of French Guiana, is located within the commune.

Climate

Camopi has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen climate classification Am). The average annual temperature in Camopi is 27.2 C. The average annual rainfall is 2696.5 mm with May as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in October, at around 28.6 C, and lowest in February, at around 26.4 C. The highest temperature ever recorded in Camopi was 38.5 C on 30 October 2018; the coldest temperature ever recorded was 16.8 C on 14 September 1978. |location= Camopi (1991–2020 averages, extremes 1955−present) |metric first= Y |single line= Y |collapsed= Y |Jan record high C = 35.5 |Feb record high C = 35.3 |Mar record high C = 36.1 |Apr record high C = 35.5 |May record high C = 36.9 |Jun record high C = 35.6 |Jul record high C = 35.9 |Aug record high C = 37.0 |Sep record high C = 37.8 |Oct record high C = 38.5 |Nov record high C = 38.2 |Dec record high C = 37.0 |year record high C = 38.5 |Jan high C = 30.7 |Feb high C = 30.4 |Mar high C = 30.9 |Apr high C = 31.0 |May high C = 30.7 |Jun high C = 31.2 |Jul high C = 31.7 |Aug high C = 32.9 |Sep high C = 34.1 |Oct high C = 35.0 |Nov high C = 34.3 |Dec high C = 32.1 |year high C = 32.1 |Jan mean C = 26.6 |Feb mean C = 26.4 |Mar mean C = 26.7 |Apr mean C = 27.0 |May mean C = 26.8 |Jun mean C = 26.9 |Jul mean C = 26.8 |Aug mean C = 27.4 |Sep mean C = 28.0 |Oct mean C = 28.6 |Nov mean C = 28.4 |Dec mean C = 27.3 |year mean C = 27.2 |Jan low C = 22.5 |Feb low C = 22.5 |Mar low C = 22.6 |Apr low C = 22.9 |May low C = 23.0 |Jun low C = 22.4 |Jul low C = 21.9 |Aug low C = 22.0 |Sep low C = 22.0 |Oct low C = 22.1 |Nov low C = 22.4 |Dec low C = 22.6 |year low C = 22.4 |Jan record low C = 18.0 |Feb record low C = 18.3 |Mar record low C = 18.0 |Apr record low C = 18.9 |May record low C = 17.5 |Jun record low C = 17.5 |Jul record low C = 18.6 |Aug record low C = 18.0 |Sep record low C = 16.8 |Oct record low C = 18.0 |Nov record low C = 18.0 |Dec record low C = 18.0 |year record low C = 16.8 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 313.1 |Feb precipitation mm = 311.5 |Mar precipitation mm = 310.0 |Apr precipitation mm = 388.1 |May precipitation mm = 384.0 |Jun precipitation mm = 264.8 |Jul precipitation mm = 190.8 |Aug precipitation mm = 109.9 |Sep precipitation mm = 46.6 |Oct precipitation mm = 56.9 |Nov precipitation mm = 86.0 |Dec precipitation mm = 234.8 |year precipitation mm = 2696.5 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 24.4 |Feb precipitation days = 21.9 |Mar precipitation days = 23.0 |Apr precipitation days = 24.1 |May precipitation days = 25.9 |Jun precipitation days = 23.3 |Jul precipitation days = 19.8 |Aug precipitation days = 12.3 |Sep precipitation days = 6.8 |Oct precipitation days = 6.7 |Nov precipitation days = 10.7 |Dec precipitation days = 20.5 |year precipitation days = 219.5 |source 1 = Météo-France{{cite web | url = https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/FichesClim/FICHECLIM_97356001.pdf | title=Fiche Climatologique Statistiques 1991-2020 et records | language = fr | publisher = Météo-France | access-date = August 28, 2022}}}}

Villages

References

Bibliography

References

  1. (4 May 2022). "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises.
  2. "Guide Camopi".
  3. (2014). "Un atlas des Zones de droits d'usage collectifs en Guyane".
  4. "Les zones de droit d'usage des Amérindiens : comprendre les attributions du foncier pour mieux le gérer (1/2)".
  5. "Camopi: visite de Camopi en Guayne".
  6. "Musiques et danses Wayampi".
  7. (2013). "Villes de plus grande taille, superficie, surface - toutes-les-villes".
  8. "Vila Brasil Airport".
  9. Pierre-Olivier Jay & Lise Landrin. "Itoupé: le sommet oublié de Guyane".

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camopicommunes-of-french-guianaindigenous-villages-in-french-guiana