CAF Urbos

---

title: "CAF Urbos" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["electric-multiple-units-of-the-united-states", "tram-vehicles", "light-rail-vehicles", "caf-rolling-stock", "train-related-introductions-in-2002", "tram-vehicles-of-serbia", "600-v-dc-multiple-units", "750-v-dc-multiple-units", "electric-multiple-units-of-the-philippines", "tram-vehicles-of-sweden", "electric-multiple-units-of-spain", "battery-electric-multiple-units"] description: "Light rail vehicle class" topic_path: "geography/united-states" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAF_Urbos" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Light rail vehicle class ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox train"]

Field	Value
name	CAF Urbos
image	Vue des trams à Sclessin Standard retournement 2.jpg
caption	Two Urbos 3 trams in Liège.
interiorimage	Budapest, CAF villamos, 2.jpg
interiorcaption	The interior of an Urbos 3 in Budapest.
stocktype	Tram/streetcar/light rail vehicle (LRV)
manufacturer	Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles (CAF)
yearconstruction	2002–present
::

| name = CAF Urbos | image = Vue des trams à Sclessin Standard retournement 2.jpg | caption = Two Urbos 3 trams in Liège. | interiorimage = Budapest, CAF villamos, 2.jpg | interiorcaption = The interior of an Urbos 3 in Budapest. | stocktype = Tram/streetcar/light rail vehicle (LRV) | manufacturer = Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles (CAF) | yearconstruction = 2002–present

The CAF Urbos is a family of trams, streetcars, and light rail vehicles built by CAF. As of 2026, over 1,900 Urbos trams operate in over 50 cities worldwide. The Spanish manufacturer CAF previously made locomotives, passenger cars, regional, and underground trains. In 1993, CAF started building trams for Metrovalencia, with the delivery of 16 trams until 1999. This was a variant of a Siemens design and some components were delivered by Siemens, including bogies and traction motors. This design was also sold to Lisbon Trams in 1995; CAF then decided to design and build the Urbos in-house.

There are three generations of the CAF Urbos, namely the Urbos 1, Urbos 2, and Urbos 3. The first generation was ordered by the Bilbao tram operator, who received eight trams between 2002 and 2004. The second generation was sold to other operators in Spain, and the third generation is sold in Spain, elsewhere in Europe, the United States, Australia and in the UK. Manufacturing locations include Beasain, Zaragoza and Linares, Spain; Elmira, New York, USA; Hortolandia, Brazil; Newport, UK; Huehuetoca, Mexico; and Bagnères-de-Bigorre, France.

Urbos 1

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Bilbao_05_2012_EuskoTran_2846.JPG" caption="Urbos 1 tram in [[Bilbao"] ::

This series was only sold to Euskotren Tranbia to operate tram services in Bilbao. The original Bilbao tram system was shut down in 1964 and the second generation opened in December 2002 with extensions in 2004.

• Bilbao tram: 8 bidirectional trams, numbered 401–408 and locally designated the Euskotren 400 series. 70% low-floor trams with 3 bogies on .

Urbos 2

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Sevilla_metro_Condequinto_II.JPG" caption="Urbos 2 operating on [[Seville Metro line 1"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/J22_343_Ali_Cetinkaya_Caddesi,_Multigelenkwagen.jpg" caption="Antalya light rail system]]."] ::

In operation

::data[format=table]

Location	City/System	Entered service	Gauge	Car body construction	Quantity	Notes
Spain	Bilbao tram and Vitoria-Gasteiz tram	2008	Metre	Aluminium	11	3 units operate in Bilbao, while 8 operate in Vitoria-Gasteiz. Locally designated the Euskotren 500 series.
Seville Metro - Line 1	2009	Standard	Steel	21	5 units transferred from MetroCentro
3 units transferred from Sydney
Antalya, Turkey	AntRay	Aluminium	14	Standard gauge variation of the Bilbao/Vitoria-Gasteiz version
::

Withdrawn

::data[format=table]

Location	City/System	In service	Quantity	Notes
Spain	Vélez-Málaga Tram	2006–2012	3	Transferred to Sydney
MetroCentro (Seville)	2007–2011	5	4 units transferred to Metro line 1
1 unit transferred to Sydney
Sydney, Australia	L1 Dulwich Hill line	Mar–Jul 2014	4	Transferred to Seville Metro line 1
::

Urbos 3

| name = CAF Urbos 3 | image = Urbos 3 Besançon IMG 6874.jpg | caption = Urbos 3 tram in Besançon | manufacturer = Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles | constructed = 2011–present | designer = | predecessor = CAF Urbos 2 | successor = | art-sections = 2–9 | trainlength = 18 – | width = 2300 – | height = | wheelbase = | weight = 34860 kg (3-car tram) | capacity = 129-327 seated and standing total, depending on tram length | maxspeed = 70 – | doors = 8–20, depending on tram length | lowfloor = 70–100% | floorheight = 356 mm | poweroutput = | traction = IGBT–VVVF | axleload = | powersupply = | collectionmethod = Pantograph | electricsystem = 600–750 V DC from overhead catenary Internal supercapacitor (Kaohsiung) | wheels driven = | steep gradient = | bogies = fixed | minimum curve = 18 m (3-car tram) | gauge = or ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/SL18_tram_performing_test_run_at_Bjørvika.jpg" caption="Urbos 100, designated [[SL18]], in Oslo"] ::

The CAF Urbos 3 is the successor of the Urbos 2; all new sales are of Urbos 3. The standard variants, the Urbos 100 and Urbos 70, have either a 100% or 70% low floor design, respectively, and a maximum speed of 80 km/h. The tram type is offered in metre gauge and standard gauge and allows for a tram width of 2300 ,. Trams can be assembled from 3, 5, 7 or (only for the Urbos 100) 9 modules, with the length ranging between 23 and.

CAF has developed an option to build 'Greentech Freedrive' lithium-ion supercapacitors and batteries into the Urbos 3, allowing brief operation without an external electrical supply. This ACR system (Acumulador de Carga Rápida) allowed the tramway operator in Seville to remove the overhead wires in key locations during Holy Week 2011. It has also been used in Luxembourg, Granada, Zaragoza and the West Midlands.

In 2024, a CAF Urbos fleet of 40 light rail trains were transported from Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, in Brazil to Salvador, Bahia, following a deal to build the new Salvador LRT system (three lines, under construction), to replace an old suburban train and a failed Chinese BYD Skyrail project bid. The deal followed a lawsuit agreement between the Brazilian state governments (Bahia and Mato Grosso) because the delays for the construction of Cuiabá Light Rail were so significant that it was replaced by a BRT system in Cuiabá.

Urbos 70 and Urbos 100 / 100X

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/1-es_villamos_(2105).jpg" caption="Budapest"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/CAF_Urbos_3_Parramatta.jpg" caption="Sydney"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Cagliari_tram_2018_02.jpg" caption="Cagliari"] ::

::data[format=table]

Country	City/System	Quantity	Order value	Notes	Europe	North America	South America	Asia	Middle East	Oceania	Africa
Belgium	Antwerp	58
Coast Tram	48		Delivered 2020–2021 Name: Zeelijner
Ghent	18
Liège	20	€360 million
France	Besançon	19	€34.4 million
Grenoble	38		title=CAF secures two new commercial successes in France	url=https://www.cafmobility.com/en/press-room/two-new-commercial-successes-france/	archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250815154856/https://www.cafmobility.com/en/press-room/two-new-commercial-successes-france/	archive-date=2025-08-15	access-date=2026-01-25	website=CAF Mobility	language=en}} To be operational by 2028.
Marseille	15	€57 million
Montpellier	60	€200 million	Option for 17 more trams possible. In service since 2025.
Nantes	8	€22 million	Option for 4 more trams for €10 million
Saint-Étienne	16		In service since May 2017.
Tours	19	N/A	To be operational by 2028
Germany	Freiburg im Breisgau	25
Hungary	Budapest	73+20	€90 million	Option for 31 more trams
Debrecen	18
Italy	Bologna	title=Bologna and Roma tram orders placed	url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/light-rail-and-tram/bologna-and-roma-tram-orders-placed/67557.article	website=Railway Gazette International	access-date=2026-01-31	language=en	first=	last=	date=8 October 2024}}	€130 million	title=CAF trams for Bologna and even more for Rome
Cagliari	3	€7.7 million	In service since 2018
Palermo	23		Option for 35 more trams possible.
Rome	60		Option for 81 more trams possible.
Luxembourg	Luxembourg	21	€83.0 million	In service since 2017
Netherlands	Amsterdam	72		Initial order was 63 in 2016. In operation since January 2021.
Utrecht	27
27
Norway	Oslo	87		Locally designated as SL18. First two were delivered in 2020. In operation from January 2022, with trial period of 5 months. Option for 60 more.
Portugal	Lisbon	15	€43 million	Delivery began in April 2023 and will be complete during 2024.
Serbia	Belgrade	30	€70 million
Spain	Granada	13	€43.9 million	Option for 4 more trams
Málaga	14
Seville	5		MetroCentro line, 1 reserved
Vitoria-Gasteiz	7		Locally designated the Euskotren 600 series.
Zaragoza	21
Sweden	Lund	7	297 million SEK	In service since December 2020.
United Kingdom	West Midlands (Birmingham)	title= Last new tram arrives for West Midlands	magazine= Today's Railways UK	issue=263	date=January 2024	page=21}}	£40 million
Edinburgh	27
Canada	Calgary	28		For use on the Green Line LRT. To be delivered in 2027. Option for 24 additional LRVs possible.
United States	Cincinnati	5	$25 million
Kansas City	14		Total fleet size of 14 by 2025
Maryland (Washington, D.C.)	28		Urbos 70. 5 modules (3 long & 2 short) per vehicle. Scheduled to be in service in late 2027.
Omaha	6	$54 million	For use on the Omaha Streetcar. Option for a further 29 trams. To be operational by 2027.
Seattle	10	$50 million	author1=	title=Seattle DOT cancels streetcar contract with CAF USA	url=https://www.progressiverailroading.com/passenger_rail/news/Seattle-DOT-cancels-streetcar-contract-with-CAF-USA--58570	access-date=May 17, 2024	work=Progressive Railroading	date=September 12, 2019	issn=0033-0817	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913044856/https://www.progressiverailroading.com/passenger_rail/news/Seattle-DOT-cancels-streetcar-contract-with-CAF-USA--58570	archive-date=September 13, 2019
Brazil	Salvador	40		last=	first=	date=14 August 2024	title=Urban transport industry news round-up	url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/urban-transport-industry-news-round-up/67113.article	access-date=2026-01-10	website=Railway Gazette International	language=en
Taiwan	Kaohsiung	9		ACR system built in; no need for catenary
New Taipei City	23	€200 million
Israel	Jerusalem	114		Urbos 100. For Red Line extension and Green Line. Operational on the Red Line since 2025
Tel Aviv	98		For Purple Line. To be operational 2027
Australia	Canberra	14	A$65 million	5-module 100. Delivered 2018, operational April 2019
Newcastle	6		5-module 100 supercapacitor wire free. Delivered 2018–19
Sydney	16	A$20 million
(1st order)	5-module 100. Initial order for 6 trams; subsequently increased to 12. Four more trams for the line were ordered from CAF in June 2021, they entered service in 2023. Operates on the Inner West Light Rail.
13		7-module 100 battery wire free, operating on Stage 1 of the Parramatta Light Rail since December 2024
Mauritius	Port Louis	18	€100 million	In service since October 2019
::

Design flaws

In December 2017, the Besançon Tramway in Besançon, France, discovered cracks in their Urbos 3s vehicles around the bogie box area of the bodies, which in December 2020 CAF paid for remedial work to be performed with each unit affected requiring one month downtime for the work to be completed.

On 11 June 2021, the West Midlands Metro (operating between Birmingham and Wolverhampton, England) were forced to suspend their services due to similar cracks being discovered in the bogie box areas of their Urbos 3s vehicles, with ongoing investigations continuing to identify any other issues relating to the cracks and to find options for remedial works to be performed.

Following on from these instances, in November 2021 the New South Wales transport minister Rob Stokes announced that the Sydney L1 Dulwich Hill Line would be decommissioned for up to 18 months, due to serious design flaws in all 12 of the CAF Urbos 3s tram sets that were running on the line. Stokes stated that the flaws (in the bogie boxes) were likely to be far broader in scope than those identified in Sydney due to the thousands of the same tram type operated around the world.

Similar issues relating to cracks in the bogie box area were discovered in the Urbos 3 vehicles supplied to the Belgrade Tramway Network.

The discovery of further cracks in the West Midlands trams led to service being suspended again from 12 November 2021 to December 2021.

Following vehicle inspections, services in the West Midlands were again suspended on 20 March 2022 until further notice due to cracks described by the operator as 'bodywork cracks'. Midland Metro was working directly with the manufacturer to assess the safety and operational impact.

Urbos AXL

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/A36_(Stockholm)_Aga_1.jpg" caption="Urbos AXL in [[Stockholm"] ::

Vehicles in the Urbos AXL series have longer car-body sections and pivoting bogies. With a maximum speed of 90 km/h, it is designed for high-capacity, mass rapid transit systems. This type of tram is currently in use only in two Northern European countries:

• Tallinn, Estonia, (20 trams)
• Stockholm, Sweden (22 trams)

Urbos TT

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Trambahía_Cádiz_2025_10.jpg" caption="Cádiz]]."] ::

The Urbos TT series is built with tram-train technology, connecting existing heavy rail infrastructure directly to urban tramway systems.

• Cádiz, Spain (7 vehicles)

Urbos LRV

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Houston_CAF_LRV_on_Harrisburg_Blvd_at_Wayside_Drive,_Feb_2017.jpg" caption="Houston"] ::

A three-section articulated car supported by three bogies, the LRV variant of Urbos is designed for the North American market and is customizable.

• Houston, Texas, USA (39 vehicles)

LRTA 13000 class (Metro edition)

Main article: LRTA 13000 class

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/LRT-1_4G_Carriedo_2024-10-18.jpg" caption="Santa Cruz]], [[Manila"] ::

The LRTA 13000 class is a high-floor light rail vehicle variant of the Urbos. 120 units were ordered for the LRT Line 1 medium-capacity rail system in Metro Manila, Philippines. It was designed by CAF along with Mitsubishi Corporation and built at CAF's facilities in Corella, Spain, and Huehuetoca, Mexico. The trains were progressively delivered from 2021 onwards, entering service by 20 July 2023. It replaced the aging, forty-year-old LRTA 1000 class LRVs.

References

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