Bubalus

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Genus of bovines

title: "Bubalus" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["bubalus", "bubalina", "herbivorous-mammals", "mammal-genera", "taxa-named-by-charles-hamilton-smith"] description: "Genus of bovines" topic_path: "general/bubalus" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubalus" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Genus of bovines ::

| image = BUFFALO159.JPG | taxon = Bubalus | authority = C. H. Smith, 1827 | type_species = Bos bubalis | type_species_authority = Linnaeus, 1758 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = Bubalus arnee Bubalus bubalis Bubalus depressicornis Bubalus mindorensis Bubalus quarlesi

Bubalus is a genus of Asiatic bovines that was proposed by Charles Hamilton Smith in 1827. Bubalus and Syncerus form the subtribe Bubalina, the true buffaloes.

The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and classification of domestic animals as species, subspecies, races or breeds has been discussed controversially for many years and was inconsistent between authors. Assessors of the Food and Agriculture Organization consider domestic water buffalo populations as breeds.

Bubalus species comprise the domestic water buffalo (B. bubalis), the wild water buffalo (B. arnee), the tamaraw (B. mindorensis), the lowland anoa (B. depressicornis), and the mountain anoa (B. quarlesi). The latter two anoa species were proposed to form a subgenus Anoa within Bubalus.

Characteristics

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Water_buffalo_skull_(Bubalus_bubalis).jpg" caption="''Bubalus'' skull"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Buffalo_kidney--_FMVZ_USP-09.jpg" caption="Kidney of a ''Bubalus''"] ::

Smith described Bubalus as low in proportion to the bulk with very solid limbs, a small dewlap and a long, slender tail; the head is large with a strong convex-shaped narrow forehead, large eyes and funnel-shaped ears; horns are lying flat or bending laterally with a certain direction to the rear; the female udder has four mammae. Lydekker added that the line of back is nearly straight with 13 pairs of ribs; the tail is tufted and reaching about to the hocks; the horns are more or less markedly triangular for the greater part of their length and situated low down on the skull; the muzzle is broad, and the hair sparse in adults.

Species

This genus comprises the following living species: ::data[format=table]

ImageScientific nameDistribution
[[File:Water-buffalo.jpg120px]]Domestic water buffalo B. bubalis Linnaeus, 1758
[[File:Indian Water Buffalo Bubalus arnee by Dr Raju Kasambe IMG 0347 (11) (cropped).jpg120px]]Wild water buffalo B. arnee Kerr, 1792
[[File:Lowland Anoa.JPG120px]]Lowland anoa B. depressicornis Smith, 1827
[[File:Bubalus mindorensis by Gregg Yan 01.jpg120px]]Tamaraw B. mindorensis Heude, 1888
[[File:Mountain Anoa at Krefeld Zoo.jpg120px]]Mountain anoa B. quarlesi Ouwens, 1910
::

Valid names

The 2013 checklist of the Catalogue of Life lists as "accepted" five species binomina in the genus Bubalus:

  • Bubalus bubalis Linnaeus, 1758
  • Bubalus depressicornis Smith, 1827
  • Bubalus mephistopheles Hopwood, 1925
  • Bubalus mindorensis Heude, 1888
  • Bubalus quarlesi Ouwens, 1910 Bubalus arnee is not listed here.

The Integrated Taxonomic Information System lists the same five species binomina as valid; it also lists as valid six subspecies of Bubalus bubalis:

  • Bubalus bubalis arnee Kerr, 1792
  • Bubalus bubalis bubalis Linnaeus, 1758
  • Bubalus bubalis fulvus Blanford, 1891
  • Bubalus bubalis kerabau Fitzinger, 1860
  • Bubalus bubalis migona Deraniyagala, 1952
  • Bubalus bubalis theerapati Groves, 1996

Fossil species

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Bubalus_murrensis.JPG" caption="''Bubalus murrensis'' horns"] ::

The following extinct fossil species have been described:

References

References

  1. (2004). "The naming of wild animal species and their domestic derivatives". Journal of Archaeological Science.
  2. FAO (2013). [http://dad.fao.org/cgi-bin/EfabisWeb.cgi?sid=ed0eff86d3187bc80655e681362a8e22,reportsreport13_50000020 ''Breeds from species: Buffalo''.] Domestic Animal Diversity Information System, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
  3. (2020). "''Bubalus bubalis'': A Short Story". Frontiers in Veterinary Science.
  4. (2005). "The taxonomic status, distribution and conservation of the lowland anoa ''Bubalus depressicornis'' and mountain anoa ''Bubalus quarlesi''". Mammal Review.
  5. (1827). "The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. Class Mammalia, Volume 5". Geo. B. Whittaker.
  6. (1913). "Catalogue of the ungulate mammals in the British Museum (Natural History)". British Museum (Natural History).
  7. (2011). "Ungulate Taxonomy". Johns Hopkins University Press.
  8. Roskov Y., Kunze T., Paglinawan L., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Hernandez F., De Wever A., eds (2013). [http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2013/search/scientific/genus/Bubalus/match/1 ''Bubalus'']. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2013 Annual Checklist. Reading, UK.
  9. ITIS [https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt Results of: Search in every Kingdom for Scientific Name containing 'Bubalus'] {{webarchive. link. (March 12, 2009 . Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed january 2014.)
  10. Croft, D. A., Heaney, L. R., Flynn, J. J., Bautista, A. P. (2006). ''Fossil remains of a new, diminutive ''Bubalus'' (Artiodactyla: Bovidae: Bovini) from Cebu island, Philippines''. Journal of Mammalogy 87(#5): 1037–1051.
  11. (2017). "A new extinct dwarfed buffalo from Sulawesi and the evolution of the subgenus ''Anoa'': An interdisciplinary perspective". Quaternary Science Reviews.
  12. (1925). "A new species of buffalo from the Pleistocene of China". Annals and Magazine of Natural History.
  13. Schreiber, H. D., Munk, W. (2002). ''A skull fragment of ''Bubalus murrensis'' (Berckhemer, 1927) (Mammalia, Bovinae) from the Pleistocene of Bruchsal-Buchenau (NE-Karlsruhe, SW-Germany)''. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie (12): 737–748.
  14. "Fossilworks: Bubalus palaeokerabau".

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