Brčko

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title: "Brčko" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["brčko-district", "bosnia-and-herzegovina–croatia-border-crossings"] topic_path: "general/brcko-district" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brčko" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
nameBrčko
official_nameGrad Brčko
Град Брчко
City of Brčko
settlement_typeCity
total_type
motto
image_skylineBrčko (collage image).jpg
image_captionBrčko
mapframeyes
pushpin_mapBosnia and Herzegovina#Balkans
pushpin_label_position
pushpin_map_captionLocation within Bosnia and Herzegovina
pushpin_mapsize
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_name
subdivision_type1District
subdivision_name1Brčko District
subdivision_type2Geographical region
subdivision_name2Posavina
parts_type
parts_style
parts
p2
leader_titleMayor
leader_nameSiniša Milić (SNSD)
leader_title1President of the District Assembly
leader_name1Damir Bulčević (NiP)
leader_title2(Suspended)--
leader_name2
established_title
established_date
unit_pref
area_total_km2402
area_water_percent
elevation_footnotes
elevation_m92
elevation_min_ft
population_as_of2013
population_total39893
population_density_km2auto
coor_type
coordinates
postal_code_type
postal_code76100 (Pošte Srpske)

| | area_code | +387 049 | | website | | | population_blank1 | 83516 | | population_blank1_title | Brčko District | ::

| name = Brčko | official_name = Grad Brčko Град Брчко City of Brčko | native_name = | settlement_type = City | total_type = | motto = | image_skyline = Brčko (collage image).jpg | imagesize = | image_caption = Brčko | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = | blank_emblem_size = | mapframe = yes | mapsize = | map_caption = | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = | dot_y = | pushpin_map = Bosnia and Herzegovina#Balkans | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_caption = Location within Bosnia and Herzegovina | pushpin_mapsize = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = | subdivision_type1 = District | subdivision_name1 = Brčko District | subdivision_type2 = Geographical region | subdivision_name2 = Posavina | seat_type = | seat = | parts_type = | parts_style = Default is list if up to 5 items, coll if more than 5-- | parts = | p1 = | p2 = | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Siniša Milić (SNSD) | leader_title1 = President of the District Assembly | leader_name1 = Damir Bulčević (NiP) | leader_title2 = (Suspended)-- | leader_name2 = | established_title = | established_date = | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 402 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 92 | elevation_ft = | elevation_max_m = | elevation_max_ft = | elevation_min_m = | elevation_min_ft = | population_as_of = 2013 | population_note = | population_total = 39893 | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone = | utc_offset = | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coor_type = | coordinates = | postal_code_type = Postcode | postal_code = 76100 (Pošte Srpske)

76120 (BH Pošta) | area_code = +387 049 | website = | footnotes = | population_blank1 = 83516 | population_blank1_title = Brčko District

Brčko () is a city and the administrative seat of Brčko District, in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies on the banks of Sava river across from Croatia. As of 2013, it has a population of 39,893 inhabitants.

De jure, the Brčko District belongs to both entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska) but in practice it is not governed by either; practically, Brčko is a self-governing free city.

Name

Its name is very likely linked to the Breuci (Greek Βρεῦκοι), one of the Pannonian tribes of the Illyrians who migrated to the vicinity of today's Brčko from the territories of the Yamnaya culture in the 3rd millennium BC. Breuci greatly resisted the Romans but were conquered in 1st century BC and many were sold as slaves after their defeat. They started receiving Roman citizenship during Trajan's rule.

A number of Breuci migrated and settled in Dacia, where a town called Bereck or Brețcu, a river (Brețcu River) and a mountain Munții Brețcului in today's Romania were named after them.

Geography

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Brcko02.svg" caption="Brčko District and Brčko town"] ::

The city is on the north, riparian border of Bosnia, across the Sava River from the village of Gunja in Croatia.

Brčko is the seat of the Brčko District, an independent unit of local self-government created on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina following an arbitration process. The local administration was formerly supervised by an international supervisory regime headed by Principal Deputy High Representative who is also ex officio the Brčko International Supervisor. This international supervision was frozen since 23 May 2012.

History

Upon the conclusion of the Treaty of Passarowitz in 1718, Brčko was to be transferred to the Habsburg monarchy.

During the 1862 exodus of Muslims from Serbia, some Belgrade Muslims who were expelled by the Serbian government settled in the town.

In the Bosnian War, Brčko was the location of the Brčko bridge massacre on 30 April 1992. Later, it was the narrowest point of the Brčko corridor that connected two parts of Republika Srpska.

Brčko was a geographic point of contention in 1996 when the U.S.-led Implementation Force (IFOR) built Camp McGovern between the villages of Brod and Brka. Camp McGovern under the overwatch of 3-5 CAV 1/BDE/1AR Division (US) was constructed from a war torn farming cooperative structure in the Zone of Separation (ZOS) for the purpose of establishing peacekeeping operations. The mission was to separate the former warring factions. The ZOS was one kilometer wide of no man's land, where special permission was required for Serbian or Bosnian forces to enter. Various checkpoints and observation points (OP's) were established to control the separation.

Although Brčko was a focal point for tension in the late 1990s, considerable progress in multi-ethnic integration in Brčko has since occurred including integration of secondary schooling. Reconstruction efforts and the Property Law Implementation Plan have improved the situation regarding property and return. Today, Brčko has returned to a strategic transshipment point along the Sava River. The population of Brčko has not returned to its pre-war ethnic mix of Bosniaks, Serbs, and Croats. Brčko sits at the east–west apex of Republika Srpska, the ethnic Serb portion of Bosnia & Herzegovina, and as such is critical to the RS for its economic future.

Brčko was one of the main points discussed in the Dayton Peace Accords. After several weeks of intensive negotiation, the issue of Brčko was to be decided by international arbitration. Brčko Arbitration ruled in Feb 1997 that Brčko would be managed by an ambassadorial representative from the international community. The first Ambassador to Brčko was an American with support staff from the UK, Sweden, Denmark & France. Brčko Arbitration in March 1998 suggested the Brcko area could be a special district, which they finally decided likewise in March 1999.

The first international organization to open office in Brčko at that time was the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE).

Following PIC meeting on 23 May 2012, it was decided to suspend, not terminate, the mandate of Brčko International Supervisor. Brčko Arbitral Tribunal, together with the suspended Brčko Supervision, will still continue to exist.

Demographics

::data[format=table title="Ethnic composition"] | title=Popis 2013 u BiH – Brčko District |url=http://www.statistika.ba/?show=12&id=30163 |website=statistika.ba}} | 1991 | 1981 | 1971 | 1961 | |---|---|---|---|---| | Total | 39,893 (100.0%) | 41,406 (100.0%) | 31,437 (100.0%) | 25,337 (100.0%) | | Serbs | 19,420 (48.68%) | 8,253 (19.93%) | 5,532 (17.60%) | 5,481 (21.63%) | | Bosniaks | 17,489 (43.84%) | 22,994 (55.53%) | 16,725 (53.20%) | 15,651 (61.77%) | | Croats | 1,457 (3.652%) | 2,894 (6.989%) | 2,157 (6.861%) | 2,663 (10.51%) | | Others | 996 (2.497%) | 2,054 (4.961%) | 468 (1.489%) | 327 (1.291%) | | Roma | 333 (0.835%) | | 5 (0.016%) | 6 (0.024%) | | Albanians | 77 (0.193%) | | 86 (0.274%) | 115 (0.454%) | | Yugoslavs | 60 (0.150%) | 5,211 (12.59%) | 6,351 (20.20%) | 952 (3.757%) | | Montenegrins | 31 (0.078%) | | 65 (0.207%) | 82 (0.324%) | | Macedonians | 24 (0.060%) | | 16 (0.051%) | 19 (0.075%) | | Slovenes | 4 (0.010%) | | 19 (0.060%) | 25 (0.099%) | | Turks | 2 (0.005%) | | | | | Hungarians | | | 13 (0.041%) | 16 (0.063%) | ::

Transport

Rail

A railway station is near the city centre on the line from Vinkovci to Tuzla. However, no passenger trains operate to Brčko anymore. The closest operating railway station is in Gunja, Croatia; just on the other side of the border.

Water

Brčko has the largest river port in Bosnia, on the Sava river.

Sport

Brčko has three football clubs (FK Jedinstvo Brčko, FK Lokomotiva Brčko, FK Izbor Brčko, FK Dizdaruša Brčko and the youngest club FK Ilićka 01). They all play in the Second League of Republika Srpska. The city is home to some of the most successful volleyball teams in the country Mladost and Jedinstvo.

Education

The city is home to an economics school of the University of East Sarajevo and a local theatre festival.

Gallery

File:Brčko-panorama.jpg|Panorama of Brčko File:Brčko noću.jpg|Brčko at night File:Fontana - simbol grada.jpg|Fountain - the symbol of the city

Twin towns – sister cities

Brčko is twinned with:

Notable people

References

Bibliography

References

  2. (2019). "Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in Bosnia and Herzegovina".
  3. [https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2014/may/14/brcko-bosnia-europe-only-free-city Welcome to Brčko, Europe’s only free city and a law unto itself].
  4. Kiss Lajos: Földrajzi nevek etimológiai szótára Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest 1978 {{ISBN. 963 05 1490 7 103. oldal '''Bereck'''-szócikk
  5. (2012-05-23). "Press Conference Following the Meeting of the Steering Board of the Peace implementation Council". [[Office of the High Representative]].
  6. {{harvnb. Pelidija. 1989; {{harvnb. Roksandić. 2007
  7. Özkan, Ayşe. "The Expulsion of Muslims from Serbia after the International Conference in Kanlıca and Withdrawal of the Ottoman Empire from Serbia (1862-1867)". Akademik Bakış.
  8. (1997-02-14). "Award - Arbitral Tribunal For Dispute Over Inter-Entity Boundary In Brcko Area". [[Office of the High Representative]].
  9. (1998-03-15). "Supplemental Award - Arbitral Tribunal For Dispute Over Inter-Entity Boundary In Brcko Area". [[Office of the High Representative]].
  10. (1999-03-05). "Final Award - Arbitral Tribunal For Dispute Over Inter-Entity Boundary In Brcko Area". [[Office of the High Representative]].
  11. "Popis 2013 u BiH – Brčko District".
  12. (2021-11-05). "Kardeş şehir Bosna Hersek heyeti, Samsun’da".
  13. (2014-08-29). "Успјешно организован турнир млађих категорија у фудбалу". Radio Brčko.
  14. "Sister Cities". St. Louis Economic Development Partnership.

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