Bothriembryontidae

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Family of gastropods

title: "Bothriembryontidae" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["bothriembryontidae"] description: "Family of gastropods" topic_path: "general/bothriembryontidae" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bothriembryontidae" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Family of gastropods ::

|taxon = Bothriembryontidae |image = Placostylus ambagiosus priscus.JPG |image_caption = A shell of the subspecies Placostylus ambagiosus priscus |authority = Iredale, 1937 |synonyms_ref = |synonyms = Placostylidae Pilsbry, 1946 |subdivision_ranks = Genera |subdivision = See text |display_parents = 3

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Naturalis_Biodiversity_Center_-RMNH.MOL.170350-Eumecostylus_hargravesi(Cox,1871)-Placostylidae-_Mollusc_shell.jpeg" caption="''Eumecostylus hargravesi'' from the Solomon Islands."] ::

Bothriembryontidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Orthalicoidea.

Taxonomy

This family has been named Placostylidae and had no subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

Breure et al. (2010) moved Prestonella and Bothriembryon to Placostylidae.

Breure & Romero (2012) confirmed previous results from 2010 and they renamed Placostylidae to Bothriembryontidae.

  • subfamily Bothriembryontinae Iredale, 1937
  • subfamily Placostylinae Pilsbry, 1946 - for species from New Zealand and Melanesia

Prestonellinae was formally described as a new subfamily within Bothriembryontidae in 2016. Therefore three subfamilies are recognized in Bothriembryontidae:

  • subfamily Bothriembryontinae Iredale, 1937
  • subfamily Placostylinae Pilsbry, 1946
  • Prestonellinae van Bruggen, Herbert & Breure, 2016

Genera

Genera within the family Bothriembryontidae include:

Bothriembryontinae

  • Bothriembryon - the type genus of the family Bothriembryontidae

Bothriembryontidae incertae sedis (temporary name)

Placostylinae

Prestonellinae

A cladogram based on nuclear ITS2, 28S rRNA and histone 3 (H3) and sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI) genes showing phylogenic relations of Bothriembryontidae by Breure & Romero (2012):

|label1=Bothriembryontidae |1={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |label1=Plectostylus |1=Plectostylus peruvianus |label2=Discoleus |2=Discoleus ameghinoi |label2=Prestonella |2={{clade |1=Prestonella bowkeri |2=Prestonella nuptialis |label2=Bothriembryon |2={{clade |1=Bothriembryon dux |2=Bothriembryon indutus |2={{clade |label1=Placostylus |1={{clade |1=Placostylus eddystonensis |2=Placostylus ambagiosus |2={{clade |label1=Eumecostylus |1=Eumecostylus uliginosus |label2=Placocharis |2=Placocharis strangei

Distribution

Bothriembryontidae have Gondwanan distribution.

References

References

  1. MolluscaBase (2018). Helicina. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=994701 on 2018-02-22
  2. Breure A. S. H. & Romero P. (2012). "Support and surprises: molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three-locus gene analysis with a divergence time analysis and ancestral area reconstruction (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". ''[[Archiv für Molluskenkunde: International Journal of Malacology]]'' '''141'''(1): 1-20. {{doi. 10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/141/001-020.
  3. [[Henry Augustus Pilsbry. Pilsbry H. A.]] (1946). "Notes on the anatomy of Australian and Galapagos Bulimidae (Mollusca, Pulmonata)." ''[[Notulae Naturae of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia]]'' '''168''': 1-4. Placostylidae is on the page 3.
  4. {{Bouchet 2005
  5. [[Adolph Cornelis van Bruggen. Bruggen A. C. van]], Herbert D. G. & Breure A. S. H. (2016). "Prestonellinae – validation of the name as a new subfamily of Bothriembryontidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea)". ''[[Zootaxa]]'' '''4084''': 590–592.
  6. (2022-05-23). "Taxonomy and taphonomy of Pliocene bulimoid land snails from Māngere, northern New Zealand, with descriptions of a new genus and two new species (Gastropoda: Bothriembryontidae: Placostylinae)". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics.
  7. Breure A. S. H. & Ablett J. D. (2012) "Annotated type catalogue of the Bothriembryontidae and Odontostomidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London". ''[[ZooKeys]]'' '''182''': 1-70. {{doi. 10.3897/zookeys.182.2720
  8. Breure A. S. H., Groenenberg D. S. J. & Schilthuizen M. (2010). "New insights in the phylogenetic relations within the Orthalicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora) based on 28S sequence data". ''[[Basteria]]'' '''74'''(1-3): 25-31.

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bothriembryontidae