Botan River

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River in Siirt, Turkey

title: "Botan River" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["rivers-of-turkey", "tributaries-of-the-tigris-river", "landforms-of-siirt-province"] description: "River in Siirt, Turkey" topic_path: "geography/turkey" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botan_River" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary River in Siirt, Turkey ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox river"]

FieldValue
imageBotan_Valley.jpg
image_captionBotan
map_captionThe Botan River and its tributaries
mouth_locationTigris River
subdivision_type1Country
subdivision_name1Turkey
discharge1_avg100 to
::

| image = Botan_Valley.jpg | image_caption = Botan | map = | map_size = | map_alt = | map_caption = The Botan River and its tributaries | mouth_location = Tigris River | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Turkey | length = | source1_elevation = | mouth_elevation = | discharge1_avg = 100 to | basin_size = The Botan River is located in the Siirt Province of southeastern Turkey. The upstream of the Botan River is often called Çatak, which flows mostly in the Van Province.

There is Botan Valley National Park in the area. The uppermost part of the Çatak River, west of the town of Çatak, is sometimes called Norduz. It originates in the high mountains around the Nordüz Plateau, near the border between Van and Hakkâri, and flows westwards before it turns to the northwest. The river has shaped a canyon on its way. The altitude difference between the valley and the top of the mountains reaches about 1000 m. The Çatak River is joined by the Büyükdere River at Çukurca, near Pervari in the Siirt Province, after which it is named Botan Suyu (Uluçay). Running westwards by east of Aydınlar and Siirt, it reaches Bostancık locality. Here, the rivers Zorava and Bitlis join the Botan. Finally at Çattepe in Siirt Province, it joins the Tigris River, after which the Tigris sharply turns southwards.

The discharge of Botan River from spring to mid-summer averages about 100–300 m³/s (3,500–11,000 cu ft/s), while it reaches in April and June about 400–600 m³/s (14,000–21,000 cu ft/s, and in May it peaks at about 700–1,000 m³/s (25,000–35,000 cu ft/s and sometimes more. At this time, it looks much bigger than the Tigris River. At the end of summer or in the fall, its depth is not less than 1 m, and its outflow not less than around 60–80 m³/s (2,100–2,800 cu ft/s).

Crossing is only possible by boat. The river runs in narrow, deep and steep valleys. Lowlands are rare on its way, preventing it use for irrigation.

Dams

For the purpose of building hydroelectric power plants, studies have been carried out on several places at the river. Seven dams in different sizes are planned, built or under construction on the Botan River.

The first dam and hydroelectric plant just below Aydınlar (Tillo) district has been completed. Officially named the "Alkumru Dam", it is also locally called the "Tillo Dam" due to the native name of the district. Downstream of the Alkumru Dam is the Kirazlık Dam to regulate its outflows and produce hydroelectric power; an installed capacity of 45 MW.

The Çetin Dam, which is currently under construction, will have a 405 MW power capacity. The total investment amount for the project is expected to be approximately US$450 million. Construction on the Pervari Dam began in 2014 and the Keskin Dam is planned.

In history

In his Anabasis, Xenophon describes the crossing of the Botan, then called the Centrites (Κεντρίτης). At that time, it formed the boundary between Corduene and Armenia.

Notes

References

References

  1. Maclean, Arthur John. (1901). "A Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac as Spoken by the Eastern Syrians of Kurdistan, Northwest Persia, and the Plain of Moṣul". [[Clarendon Press]].
  2. [https://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/turkey/ Van Sheet E16]
  3. [https://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/world/ Shahpur Sheet 340-B]
  4. "Botan Suyu (Uluçay)". Siirt İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü.
  5. "Coğrafi Durumumuz".
  6. Donat, Yavuz. (November 15, 2008). "Botan Vadisi'nde bir gün". Siirtce.
  7. "Supplemantary Studies Of The Electrical Power Resources Survey And Development Administration On The Application Of The Build- Operate- Transfer ("BOT") Basis — ALKUMRU DAM & HPP (Siirt)". Elektrik İşleri Etüt İdaresi.
  8. "$60 million dam completed". Siirt Haber Ajansi.
  9. (May 7, 2007). "Global Investment Holdings (GIH), Has Won the Tender for the Cetin Dam and HEPP (Hydro-Electric Power Plant) Project, Held by DSI (State Waterworks Agency)". Global Yatırım.
  10. Seton Lloyd, ''Ancient Turkey: A Traveller's History'', 1999, {{isbn. 0520220420, p. 126

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