Beryciformes

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Order of fishes

title: "Beryciformes" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["beryciformes", "ray-finned-fish-orders", "taxa-named-by-charles-tate-regan", "articles-which-contain-graphical-timelines"] description: "Order of fishes" topic_path: "general/beryciformes" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryciformes" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Order of fishes ::

| fossil_range = Late Cretaceous to Recent | image = BeryxDecadactylus.jpg | image_caption = Beryx decadactylus | taxon = Beryciformes | authority = Regan, 1909 | subdivision_ranks = Suborders | subdivision = * Holocentroidei

The Beryciformes are a poorly-understood order of carnivorous ray-finned fishes consisting of 7 families, 30 genera, and 161 species. They feed on small fish and invertebrates. Beyond this, little is known about the biology of most member species because of their nocturnal habits and deepwater habitats.

All beryciform species are marine and most live in tropical to temperate, deepwater environments. Most live on the continental shelf and continental slope, with some species being found as deep as 2000 m. Some species move closer to the surface at night, while others live entirely in shallow water and are nocturnal, hiding in rock crevices and caves during the day. Several species are mesopelagic and bathypelagic. Beryciformes' bodies are deep and mildly compressed, typically with large eyes that help them see in darker waters. Colors range from red to yellow and brown to black, and sizes range from 8 -. Member genera include the alfonsinos, squirrelfishes, pricklefishes, and whalefishes. A number of member species are caught commercially, including the alfonsino and the splendid alfonsino.

Taxonomy

Beryciforms first appeared during the Late Cretaceous period and have survived to today in relative abundance. They are considered the most primitive order in Acanthopterygii, and as such are split off at the base of the cladogram below from the rest of the member orders. Beryciforms are distinguished by having 18–19 caudal fin rays, as opposed to percomorphs, which have 17. Having fewer caudal fin rays is considered a sign of a more recently evolved species among fish.

Classification

The following classification is based on Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes:

In the past, the Trachichthyiformes and Polymixiiformes were also placed within this order. However, such a classification is now known to be paraphyletic.[[File:Pseudoberyxsyriacus.jpg|thumb|[[Pseudoberyx|Pseudoberyx syriacus]], an extinct beryciform]]

Phylogeny

A recent phylogeny based on the work Betancur-Rodriguez et al. 2017. The Gibberichthyidae (gibberfishes) and Hispidoberycidae (spiny-scale pricklefish) of suborder Stephanoberycoidei were not examined.{{clade |style=font-size:90%;line-height:90% |label1= |1={{clade |1=Polymixiiformes (beardfishes) |label2=Acanthopterygii |2={{clade |label1=Berycimorpha |1={{clade |label1=Beryciformes |1={{clade |label1=Berycoidei |1={{clade |1=Melamphaidae (ridgeheads or bigscales) |2=Berycidae (alfonsinos and nannygais) |label2=Stephanoberycoidei |2={{clade |1=Cetomimidae (flabby whalefishes) |2={{clade |1=Rondeletiidae (redmouth whalefishes) |2={{clade |1=Barbourisiidae (velvet whalefish) |2=Stephanoberycidae (pricklefishes) |label2=Trachichthyiformes |2={{clade |1=Diretmidae (spinyfins) |label2=Trachichthyoidea |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=Monocentridae (pinecone fishes) |2=Anomalopidae (lanterneye or flashlight fishes) |2=Trachichthyidae (slimeheads, roughies or redfish) [[File:Anoplogaster cornuta.jpg|70px]] |2={{clade |label1=Holocentrimorpha |1={{clade |label1=Holocentriformes |1=Holocentridae (squirrelfishes and soldierfishes) |2=Percomorpha (perches and allies)

Human interaction

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Santiago,_Praza_de_Abastos_castañeta_encarnada.JPG" caption="Vulnerable]]."] ::

Timeline of genera

The Beryciformes first appeared in the Late Cretaceous and still survive today in relative abundance. ImageSize = width:1000px height:auto barincrement:15px PlotArea = left:10px bottom:50px top:10px right:10px

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References

References

  1. {{ITIS
  2. {{FishBase_order. (2008)
  3. Bray, Dianne J.. "Order Beryciformes". Museums Victoria.
  4. Paxton, John R.. (1998). "Encyclopedia of Fishes". Academic Press.
  5. Grzimek, Bernhard. (2003). "Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia, Fishes II". Gale.
  6. Fricke, R.. (2025). "ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: CLASSIFICATION".
  7. Laan, Richard van der. (2018-10-11). "Family-group names of fossil fishes". European Journal of Taxonomy.
  8. (2017). "Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes – Version 4". BioMed Central.
  9. (June 1991). "Age determination of orange roughy, Hoplostethus atlanticus (Pisces: Trachichthyidae) using 210 Pb: 226 Ra disequilibria". Springer.
  10. [http://www.traffic.org/species-reports/traffic_species_fish10.pdf Managing risk and uncertainty in deep-sea fisheries: lessons from Orange Roughy]
  11. Sepkoski, J.. (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology.

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