Bernard 190
1928 French airliner
title: "Bernard 190" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["bernard-aircraft", "1920s-french-airliners", "single-engined-tractor-aircraft", "high-wing-aircraft", "aircraft-first-flown-in-1928"] description: "1928 French airliner" topic_path: "geography/france" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_190" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary 1928 French airliner ::
::data[format=table title="Infobox aircraft"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | Bernard 190 |
| image | Bernard 191 GR - Oiseau Canari.JPG |
| caption | Bernard 191GR Oiseau Canari preserved at the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace |
| type | Airliner |
| manufacturer | Bernard |
| designer | Jean Hubert |
| first_flight | 1928 |
| primary_user | CIDNA |
| number_built | ca. 15 |
| :: |
|name=Bernard 190 |image=Bernard 191 GR - Oiseau Canari.JPG |caption=Bernard 191GR Oiseau Canari preserved at the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace |type=Airliner |manufacturer=Bernard |designer= Jean Hubert |first_flight=1928 |introduction= |retired= |status= |primary_user=CIDNA |more_users= |produced= |number_built=ca. 15 |variants=
The Bernard 190 or Bernard-Hubert 190 was a French airliner of 1928. It was a high-wing cantilever monoplane of conventional configuration, based on the Bernard 18. Compared with its predecessor, it kept the same basic design but featured redesigned tail surfaces, an enlarged cabin, and offered its flight crew a completely enclosed cockpit. Also like its predecessor, the basic airliner model provided the basis for a long-range aircraft to be used in record attempts, the 191GR (for Grand Raid).
Operational history
The eight 190Ts entered service in 1929 with CIDNA, operating on various European routes. The 190T was not popular with CIDNA, whose president had been trying for several years to purchase more efficient and economical Fokker F.VIIs. The last 190T was burnt on 3 January 1933.
The 190 is best remembered for the exploits of the three 191GRs. The first built was used by Louis Coudouret in an attempt to cross the North Atlantic in August 1928. This was unsuccessful when the aircraft first refused to leave the ground in Paris, and was later turned back by Spanish authorities unwilling to permit the flight. On 7 July 1929, Coudouret crashed the aircraft near Angoulême and was killed.
The second example was used in the first successful French aerial crossing of the North Atlantic. Painted bright yellow and dubbed Oiseau Canari ("Canary Bird") it departed Old Orchard Beach, Maine, on June 13, 1929 and piloted by Jean Assolant, René Lefèvre and Armand Lotti, it completed the crossing to Oyambre Beach, near Comillas, Cantabria, Spain, in 29 hours 52 minutes, even with a stowaway (Arthur Schreiber) aboard. This aircraft is now preserved in the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace.
The third 191GR was used by Antoine Paillard to set two world airspeed records, for 100 km with a 2000 kg payload, and for 1000 km with a 1000 kg payload.
Variants
;190T:Single-engined airliner, powered by a 358 kW Gnome et Rhône 9Ady (licence-built Bristol Jupiter) radial piston engine.
;191T:A single aircraft powered by a 600 hp Hispano-Suiza 12Lb V-12 engine.
;191GR:Record-breaking aircraft, powered by 447 kW Hispano-Suiza 12Lb piston engine. Three built as 191G.R. No.1, 191G.R. No.2 and 191G.R. No.3.
;192T:Single mailplane example for Aéropostale, powered by a 480 hp Gnome & Rhône 9Akx radial engine.
;193T:Single-engined transport aircraft, powered by a 336 kW Lorraine 12Eb piston engine. Only one built.
;197GR:Engine demonstrator commissioned by Lorraine-Dietrich. Lost off Rangoon 26 February 1929.
Operators
;
Specifications (190T)
::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Bernard_190_3-view_L'Aéronautique_June,1928.png" caption="Bernard 190 3-view drawing from L'Aéronautique June,1928"] ::
|ref=Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1928. Aviafrance:Bernard 190T
|prime units?=met General characteristics
|crew=2 |capacity=8 pax |length m=12.58 |span m=17.3 |height m=3.5 |wing area sqm=42.909 |aspect ratio= |airfoil= |empty weight kg=1780 |gross weight kg=3300 |max takeoff weight kg= |max takeoff weight lb= |max takeoff weight note= |fuel capacity=440 kg |more general= Powerplant
|eng1 number=1 |eng1 name=Gnome & Rhône 9Ady |eng1 type=9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine |eng1 hp=480
|prop blade number=2 |prop name=fixed pitch propeller |prop dia m= |prop dia ft= |prop dia in= |prop dia note= Performance
|max speed kmh=220 |cruise speed note=200 |stall speed kmh=90 |never exceed speed kmh= |never exceed speed mph= |never exceed speed kts= |never exceed speed note= |range km=1000 |ferry range km= |ferry range miles= |ferry range nmi= |ferry range note= |endurance= |ceiling m=3700 |roll rate= |climb rate ms= |time to altitude=1000 m in 7 minutes; 3000 m in 29 minutes 30 seconds |wing loading kg/m2=79.25 |fuel consumption kg/km= |fuel consumption lb/mi= |power/mass= |thrust/weight=
|more performance=
References
Bibliography
References
- Stroud 1966, p. 45
- Liron 1990, pp. 152–153
- (9 January 1999). "Bernard 190T".
- (22 September 2002). "Bernard 191T".
- (29 September 2002). "Bernard 191GR".
- (29 September 2002). "Bernard 192T".
- (29 September 2002). "Bernard 193T".
- (1928). "Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1928". Sampson Low, Marston & company, ltd.
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