Bat algorithm

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title: "Bat algorithm" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["nature-inspired-metaheuristics"] topic_path: "general/nature-inspired-metaheuristics" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat_algorithm" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

The Bat algorithm is a metaheuristic algorithm for global optimization. It was inspired by the echolocation behaviour of microbats, with varying pulse rates of emission and loudness. The Bat algorithm was developed by Xin-She Yang in 2010.

Metaphor

The idealization of the echolocation of microbats can be summarized as follows: Each virtual bat flies randomly with a velocity v_i at position (solution) x_i with a varying frequency or wavelength and loudness A_i. As it searches and finds its prey, it changes frequency, loudness and pulse emission rate r. Search is intensified by a local random walk. Selection of the best continues until certain stop criteria are met. This essentially uses a frequency-tuning technique to control the dynamic behaviour of a swarm of bats, and the balance between exploration and exploitation can be controlled by tuning algorithm-dependent parameters in bat algorithm.

A detailed introduction of metaheuristic algorithms including the bat algorithm is given by Yang where a demo program in MATLAB/GNU Octave is available, while a comprehensive review is carried out by Parpinelli and Lopes. A further improvement is the development of an evolving bat algorithm (EBA) with better efficiency.

References

References

  1. J. D. Altringham, Bats: Biology and Behaviour, Oxford University Press, (1996).
  2. P. Richardson, Bats. Natural History Museum, London, (2008)
  3. (2010). "A New Metaheuristic Bat-Inspired Algorithm, in: Nature Inspired Cooperative Strategies for Optimization (NISCO 2010)". Studies in Computational Intelligence.
  4. Yang, X. S., [https://books.google.com/books?id=iVB_ETlh4ogC&q=bat+algorithm&pg=PR5 Nature-Inspired Metaheuristic Algorithms], 2nd Edition, Luniver Press, (2010).
  5. (2011). "New inspirations in swarm intelligence: A survey". International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation.
  6. (2012). "Bat algorithm inspired algorithm for solving numerical optimization problems". Applied Mechanics and Materials.

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