Bardiya District

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District in Lumbini Province, Nepal

title: "Bardiya District" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["bardiya-district", "districts-of-nepal-established-during-rana-regime-or-before"] description: "District in Lumbini Province, Nepal" topic_path: "general/bardiya-district" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bardiya_District" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary District in Lumbini Province, Nepal ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
typeDistrict
nameBardiya District
native_nameबर्दिया
native_name_lang
image_mapBardiya Province5 locator.png
map_captionLocation of Bardiya (dark yellow) in Lumbini province
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_name
subdivision_type1Province
subdivision_name1Lumbini Province
parts_typemunicipality
parts_stylecoll
established_titleEstablished
seat_typeAdmin HQ.
seatGulariya
leader_titleHead
leader_title1Deputy-Head
leader_title2Parliamentary constituencies
leader_title3Provincial constituencies
government_typeCoordination committee
governing_bodyDCC, Bardiya
area_total_km22025
population_footnotes
population_total426576
population_as_of2011
population_density_km2auto
blank_name_sec1Main language(s)
blank_info_sec1Tharu, Nepali, Awadhi
blank_name_sec2Major highways
timezone1NPT
utc_offset1+05:45
postal_code_typePostal Codes
area_code_typeTelephone Code
area_code084
::

| type = District | name = Bardiya District | native_name = बर्दिया | nickname = | native_name_lang = | motto = | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_map = Bardiya Province5 locator.png | map_alt = | map_caption = Location of Bardiya (dark yellow) in Lumbini province | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_alt1 = | map_caption1 = | coordinates = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = Lumbini Province

| parts_type = municipality | parts_style = coll | p1 = | p2 =

| established_title = Established | established_date = | seat_type = Admin HQ. | seat = Gulariya | leader_title = Head | leader_name = | leader_party = | leader_title1 = Deputy-Head | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = Parliamentary constituencies | leader_name2 =

| leader_title3 = Provincial constituencies | leader_name3 = | government_footnotes = | government_type = Coordination committee | governing_body = DCC, Bardiya | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 2025 | area_note = | area_rank = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_min_m = | elevation_max_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 426576 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_note = | population_rank =

| blank_name_sec1 = Main language(s) | blank_info_sec1 = Tharu, Nepali, Awadhi | blank_name_sec2 = Major highways | blank_info_sec2 =

| timezone1 = NPT | utc_offset1 = +05:45 | postal_code_type = Postal Codes | postal_code = | area_code_type = Telephone Code | area_code = 084 | website = | footnotes =

Bardiya District (), one of the seventy-seven Districts of Nepal, is part of Lumbini Province of Nepal. The district, with Gulariya as its headquarters, covers an area of 2,025 km2 and according to the 2001 census the population was 382,649 in 2011 it has 426,576.

Geography and climate

Bardiya lies in Lumbini Province in midwestern Nepal. It covers 2025 square kilometers and lies west of Banke District, south of Surkhet District of Karnali Province, east of Kailali District of Sudurpashchim Province. To the south lies Uttar Pradesh, India.

Most of Bardiya is in the fertile Terai plains, covered with agricultural land and forest. The northernmost part of the district extends into the Churiya or Siwalik Hills. Bardiya National Park covers 968 km2 occupies most of the northern half of the district. This park is the largest undisturbed wilderness in Nepal's Terai. It provides forest, grassland and riverine habitat for endangered mammal, bird and reptile species. More than 30 species of mammals and more than 250 of birds have been recorded.

Most people living in this district are farmers. The district headquarter Gulariya lies on the Babai River. The Karnali, one of Nepal's largest rivers, divided into multiple branches when it reaches the Terai. The westernmost branch forms the boundary between Bardiya and Kailali districts. An eastern branch is called the Geruwa. The endangered Gangetic dolphin was often seen in its waters, but populations have been declining.

::data[format=table]

Climate zoneElevation range% of area
title = The Map of Potential Vegetation of Nepal – a forestry/agroecological/biodiversity classification systemseries = . Forest & Landscape Development and Environment Series 2-2005 and CFC-TIS Document Series No.110.year = 2005
Lower tropicalbelow 300 meters (1,000 ft)71.4%
Upper tropical300 to 1,000 meters
1,000 to 3,300 ft.22.6%
Subtropical1,000 to 2,000 meters
3,300 to 6,600 ft.2.7%
::

History

Nepal lost it to the East India Company after Anglo-Nepalese war (1814–1816) between the then Kingdom of Nepal and East India Company followed by territorial concessions of Sugauli Treaty. Later during the administration of Jang Bahadur Rana, it was returned to Nepal along with Banke, Kailali and Kanchanpur. In the early twentieth century, Bardiya was still covered with forest and sparsely populated with indigenous tribal people called Tharu. Additional Tharus immigrated west from Dang and Deukhuri Valleys. Tharu from Dang and Deukhuri make up a majority of Bardiya's population. Other tribes called Sonaha live near the Karnali River and western periphery of Bardia National Park, who are historically engaged in extracting golden ores from sediments of river and fishing.

Demographics

|title = |align = center |clear = |direction = |percentages = pagr |state = |type = |shading = off |width = |subbox = |pop_name = |year_name = Census year |percent_name = |footnote = |source = Citypopulation |graph-pos = bottom |graph-width = |graph-height = |percol = |cols = |perrow = |rows = |1981 |199,044 |1991 |290,313 |2001 |382,649 |2011 |426,576 |2021 |460,831

At the time of the 2021 Nepal census, Bardiya District had a population of 459,900. 8.10% of the population is under 5 years of age. It has a literacy rate of 76.85% and a sex ratio of 1122 females per 1000 males. 424,098 (92.22%) lived in municipalities.

|thumb=left |caption=Ethnic groups/castes in Bardiya district (2021) |label1 = Tharu |value1 = 50.66 |color1 = olive |label2 = Chhetri |value2 = 12.77 |color2 = red |label3 = Bahun |value3 = 7.13 |color3 = orange |label4 = Kami |value4 = 6.28 |color4 = salmon |label5 = Magar |value5 = 3.01 |color5 = darkturquoise |label6 = Muslim |value6 = 2.90 |color6 = green |label7 = Thakuri |value7 = 2.30 |color7 = crimson |label8 = Yadav |value8 = 2.00 |color8 = wheat |label9 = Damai |value9 = 1.88 |color9 = darksalmon |label10 = Terai Brahmin |value10 = 1.06 |color10 = #f4c61f |label11 = Lodh |value11 = 0.99 |color11 = #dbc7a8 |label12 = Chamar |value12 = 0.91 |color12 = saddlebrown |label13 = Other Madheshi non-Dalit |value13 = 2.95 |color13 = khaki |label14 = Other Hill Janjati |value14 = 1.50 |color14 = teal |label15 = Other Madheshi Dalit |value15 = 1.12 |color15 = sienna |label16 = Others |value16 = 2.54 |color16 = grey

Tharus make up a majority in the district, making up 51% of the population. Khas people make up 32% of the population, of which Khas Dalits are 9% of the population. Madheshi people are 9% of the population, and Hill Janjatis (mainly Magars) are 5% of the population.

|caption = Languages of Bardiya district (2021) |thumb = right |label1 = Tharu |value1 = 50.41 |color1 = maroon |label2 = Nepali |value2 = 36.26 |color2 = orange |label3 = Awadhi |value3 = 9.84 |color3 = peru |label4 = Others |value4 = 3.49 |color4 = grey

At the time of the 2021 census, 50.41% of the population spoke Tharu, 36.26% Nepali and 9.84% Awadhi as their first language. In 2011, 35.2% of the population spoke Nepali as their first language.

| title = Religion in Bardiya District (2021) | titlebar = #Fcd116 | left1 = Religion | right1 = Percent | float = left | bars =

Administration

The district consists of eight municipalities, out of which six are urban municipalities and two are rural municipalities. These are as follows:

Former village development committees

Prior to the restructuring of the district, Bardiya District consisted of the following municipalities and Village development committees: ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/NepalBardiyaDistrictmap.png" caption="Map of the VDC/s and Municipalities (blue) in Bardiya District"] ::

References

References

  1. (November 2012). "National Population and Housing Census 2011(National Report)". [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal).
  2. "Nepal Census 2001". [[Digital Himalaya]].
  3. (26 May 2006). "River dolphins under threat in Nepal". WWF.
  4. "History of Nepal Army". Official website of Nepal Army.
  5. "NEPAL: Administrative Division".
  6. "Provincial/District/Local reports: Lumbini Province". [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal).
  7. "Table 1: Caste/Ethnicity and sex". [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal).
  8. "Table 5: Mother tongue and sex". [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal).
  9. link. (8 March 2023)
  10. "Table 5: Religion and sex". [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal).
  11. "स्थानिय तह". Ministry of Federal Affairs and General Administration.

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

bardiya-districtdistricts-of-nepal-established-during-rana-regime-or-before