Bardere

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title: "Bardere" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["populated-places-in-gedo", "jubba-river"] topic_path: "general/populated-places-in-gedo" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bardere" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
official_name
باردير
native_nameBardhere
settlement_typeCity
motto
image_skylineBardhere.png
imagesize250px
image_captionA section of Bardere City
flag_size400
mapsize250px
pushpin_mapSomalia#Horn of Africa#Africa
pushpin_map_captionLocation within Somalia##Location within the Horn of Africa##Location within Africa
pushpin_relief1
subdivision_type
subdivision_nameSomalia
subdivision_type1State
subdivision_type2Region
subdivision_type3District
subdivision_name1Jubaland
subdivision_name2Gedo
subdivision_name3Bardhere
government_typeMayor
leader_titleBardere District Commissioner
leader_nameMohamed khadar Ahmed Derow
leader_title1
established_title
established_date1700
established_title2
established_title3
established_date3
unit_pref
area_total_km217,748
area_land_km215
area_water_km25
area_water_sq_mi5
area_water_percent8
area_urban_km215
area_metro_km245
area_blank1_km215
area_blank1_sq_mi
population_as_of755,000
population_footnotes
population_note2021 estimate
population_est755,500
population_density_km226
population_blank1_titleEthnicities
population_blank2_titleReligions
coordinates
timezone
utc_offset+3
elevation_footnotes
elevation_m168
elevation_ft
postal_code_type
::

| official_name = Bardere باردير | native_name = Bardhere | nickname = | settlement_type = City | motto = | image_skyline = Bardhere.png | imagesize = 250px | image_caption = A section of Bardere City | flag_size = 400 | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = | blank_emblem_size = | image_map = | mapsize = 250px | map_caption = | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = | dot_y = | pushpin_map = Somalia#Horn of Africa#Africa | pushpin_map_caption = Location within Somalia##Location within the Horn of Africa##Location within Africa | pushpin_relief = 1 | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Somalia | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_type2 = Region | subdivision_type3 = District | subdivision_name1 = Jubaland | subdivision_name2 = Gedo | subdivision_name3 = Bardhere | government_footnotes = | government_type = Mayor | leader_title = Bardere District Commissioner | leader_name = Mohamed khadar Ahmed Derow | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | established_title = | established_date = 1700 | established_title2 = | established_date2 = | established_title3 = | established_date3 = | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 17,748 | area_land_km2 = 15 | area_water_km2 = 5 | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = 5 | area_water_percent = 8 | area_urban_km2 = 15 | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = 45 | area_metro_sq_mi = | area_blank1_title = | area_blank1_km2 = 15 | area_blank1_sq_mi = | population_as_of = 755,000 | population_footnotes = | population_note = 2021 estimate | pop_est_as_of = | population_est = 755,500 | population_density_km2 = 26 | population_density_sq_mi = | population_metro = | population_density_metro_km2 = | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | population_urban = | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_density_urban_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = Ethnicities | population_blank1 = | population_blank2_title = Religions | population_blank2 = | population_density_blank1_km2 = | population_density_blank1_sq_mi = | coordinates = | timezone = EAT | utc_offset = +3 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 168 | elevation_ft = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | blank_name = | blank_info = | blank1_name = | blank1_info = | website = | footnotes = | name = Bardere (, , ) also known as Bardera, is a city in Jubaland State of Somalia. It is the second most populous city in Jubaland with Kismayo being the largest and most densely populated city in the region. Bardere sits on the Jubba River around 250 km west of the city of Baidoa and is in a highland area with fertile soil.

Etymology

Bardera is an important agricultural centre living up to its name Bar meaning “palm tree”, and Dhere meaning “tall” a reference to the ubiquitous palm trees that have grown expansively in the area.

The river banks are lined by beautiful palm trees and so are the farms of this town that lies at an intersection of all major roads that links Somalia to Elwak and Mandera in Kenya, Kismayo, Baidoa, Barawe and Dinsoor within Somalia.

History

Medieval

During the Middle Ages, Bardera and its surrounding area was part of the Ajuran Empire that governed much of southern Somalia and eastern Ethiopia, with its domain extending from Hobyo in the north, to Qelafo in the west, to Kismayo in the south. Bardera was one of the most important cities in the Jubba river during the Ajuran period. It was an agricultural and commercial center. Known as a centre for Islamic scholarship, it also had roads that connected the Benadir ports built by Ajuran. Bardhere provided many goods to the coastal provinces and many merchants across the region came to Bardera for trade.

Early Modern

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/BarderaCitadel.jpg" caption="View of the Bardera [[Citadel]] in the mid-1800s by [[Baron]] [[Karl Klaus von der Decken]]."] ::

Bardera continued its agricultural and commercial legacy under Geledi Sultanate rule where it was surrounded by a citadel and with increased link between the coast and interior, both the Benadir ports and Bardera flourished with the city serving as the key ivory hub in the southern part of the Horn.

In the 1830s, a new militant extremist group rose in the citadel of Bardera, overlooking the Jubba River, and began imposing their interpretation of Islam on the surrounding regions, including the coastal city of Barawa, which they subdued and captured in 1840. In response, Sultan Yusuf Mahamud gathered his armies into a coalition and marched towards Bardera. The citadel was besieged and then burned to the ground, solidifying Sultan Yusuf's paramount authority in southern Somalia following his Conquest of Bardera. Following the defeat of the Bardera recovered and remained relatively quiet until the eventual end of the Geledi Sultanate and subsequent incorporation into Italian Somaliland.

Modern

After independence in 1960, the city was made the center of the official Bardera District. Bardera became the first place in Somalia were onions were grown commercially. This production began to increase rapidly but eventually fell off in the 1980s due to failed agricultural policies of the Somali government. The actual quality soil is in a narrow strip on either side of the river where pumps can feed private farms. Other produce such as sorghum can be found in Markabley/Hayranta although still in the district. German Explorer Carl Von Der Decken was killed at this same site in 1860, remnants of his wrecked ship still remain.

Economy

The economy of Bardera is largely agriculture-based. Animal husbandry also figures prominently, with livestock kept for meat, milk and butter.

Agriculture

There are two types of farming which exist in Bardera area: Irrigated farming and seasonal farming.

Many medium- and small-scale farms near the river use water pumping machines. These motors irrigate the land with canals, and farmers plant crops.

The majority of farmers use a low-tech farming method of farming during the two rainy seasons . Small operation farms are found throughout Jubaland, far away from the river banks where families plant sorghum, maize, and beans on any land that is suitable for farming.

Mogadishu's fruit and vegetable market used to have a section containing Bardera's famous onion product. Since the start of the civil war in Somalia, produce from Bardera to large urban centers like Mogadishu, Kismayo, or Baidoa were diverted to Kenyan markets such as Wajir, Garissa, Mombasa, and Nairobi.

The district has along serving Chamber of commerce lead by Bashir Noor Ahmed(Gudoomiyaha Gudiga Ganacsatada)-Chairman Chamber of Commerce and ensures markets are available for the agricultural products of the riverine Farmers and as well the animals from the districts have markets in the neighboring districts with in the countries.

Sorghum, corn or maize, different types of onions, beans, sesame, tobacco, and fruits such as bananas, watermelon, oranges, papayas, and mangoes, from Bardera farms reach markets as far as Djibouti, about 3,000 km away to the north of Somalia.

Education

Bardera for ages was a center of higher learning, The city is famously associated with the study of Islamic jurisprudence.

Bardera's Islamic centers attracted students seeking knowledge and teachers seeking employment used to come from across Somalia. Bardera has 20 elementary schools, seventeen primary and secondary schools. Bardera polytechnic college was founded in July 2008. This college was established to cover the higher education needs of the Bardera area community, which has been growing since the start of the 1990s. Bardera polytechnic college s policy is give vocational training, real marketable skills for 16 to 60 age population.

Juba Valley Agricultural Institute is an academic institute within the Bardera Polytechnic College in Bardera, Somalia. It is situated within the southern Jubaland.

Juba Valley Veterinary Institute is a veterinary institute in Bardera, Somalia. The institute is part of Bardera Polytechnic specialized schools and institutes within the college system.

Both Juba Valley Agricultural Institute and Jubba Valley Veterinary institute were part of the second phase of development at Bardera Polytechnic.

For centuries, students traveled from far distances and from all points on the Horn as a whole. Every Somali who came of age before the 1950s, knows the importance of Bardera as a religious education center.

Later generations found different kind of class spaces at Somali National University (SNU), Lafole, Lafole Agricultural College and Sidam management training school.

Geography

Bardera is situated 2-3 degrees latitude north of the equator and at a longitude of 42-43 degrees.

Climate

Bardera is characterized by warm weather and high humidity, having a hot arid climate (Köppen climate classification BWh) despite receiving around 380 mm of annual rainfall, owing to its extremely high potential evapotranspiration. |width=auto |location = Bardera |single line = Yes |metric first = Yes |temperature colour = pastel |Jan record high C = 45.0 |Feb record high C = 45.0 |Mar record high C = 49.0 |Apr record high C = 46.0 |May record high C = 45.0 |Jun record high C = 46.0 |Jul record high C = 42.0 |Aug record high C = 39.0 |Sep record high C = 43.0 |Oct record high C = 44.0 |Nov record high C = 43.0 |Dec record high C = 43.0 |year record high C = 49.0 |Jan high C = 38.2 |Feb high C = 39.3 |Mar high C = 41.4 |Apr high C = 38.0 |May high C = 35.6 |Jun high C = 34.0 |Jul high C = 32.5 |Aug high C = 33.1 |Sep high C = 34.9 |Oct high C = 36.1 |Nov high C = 35.9 |Dec high C = 36.7 |year high C = 36.3 |Jan mean C = 29.7 |Feb mean C = 30.6 |Mar mean C = 31.5 |Apr mean C = 30.4 |May mean C = 29.0 |Jun mean C = 27.7 |Jul mean C = 26.2 |Aug mean C = 26.8 |Sep mean C = 28.2 |Oct mean C = 29.1 |Nov mean C = 28.8 |Dec mean C = 29.1 |year mean C = 29.0 |Jan low C = 21.4 |Feb low C = 22.0 |Mar low C = 22.9 |Apr low C = 22.9 |May low C = 22.6 |Jun low C = 21.3 |Jul low C = 20.4 |Aug low C = 20.9 |Sep low C = 21.5 |Oct low C = 22.1 |Nov low C = 21.7 |Dec low C = 21.6 |year low C = 21.8 |Jan record low C = 16.0 |Feb record low C = 17.0 |Mar record low C = 18.0 |Apr record low C = 18.0 |May record low C = 18.0 |Jun record low C = 16.5 |Jul record low C = 15.0 |Aug record low C = 12.0 |Sep record low C = 16.0 |Oct record low C = 18.5 |Nov record low C = 14.0 |Dec record low C = 16.0 |year record low C = 12.0 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 6 |Feb rain mm = 6 |Mar rain mm = 22 |Apr rain mm = 93 |May rain mm = 55 |Jun rain mm = 15 |Jul rain mm = 25 |Aug rain mm = 7 |Sep rain mm = 6 |Oct rain mm = 63 |Nov rain mm = 57 |Dec rain mm = 29 |year rain mm = 384 |unit rain days = 0.1 mm |Jan rain days = 1 |Feb rain days = 1 |Mar rain days = 3 |Apr rain days = 8 |May rain days = 5 |Jun rain days = 3 |Jul rain days = 4 |Aug rain days = 2 |Sep rain days = 1 |Oct rain days = 5 |Nov rain days = 6 |Dec rain days = 4 |year rain days = 43 |Jan humidity = 63 |Feb humidity = 61 |Mar humidity = 61 |Apr humidity = 69 |May humidity = 72 |Jun humidity = 71 |Jul humidity = 69 |Aug humidity = 70 |Sep humidity = 69 |Oct humidity = 73 |Nov humidity = 72 |Dec humidity = 69 |year humidity = 68 |Jan sun = 285.2 |Feb sun = 262.7 |Mar sun = 291.4 |Apr sun = 228.0 |May sun = 235.6 |Jun sun = 207.0 |Jul sun = 186.0 |Aug sun = 226.3 |Sep sun = 231.0 |Oct sun = 213.9 |Nov sun = 219.0 |Dec sun = 254.2 |year sun = |Jand sun = 9.2 |Febd sun = 9.3 |Mard sun = 9.4 |Aprd sun = 7.6 |Mayd sun = 7.6 |Jund sun = 6.9 |Juld sun = 6.0 |Augd sun = 7.3 |Sepd sun = 7.7 |Octd sun = 6.9 |Novd sun = 7.3 |Decd sun = 8.2 |yeard sun = 7.8 | Jan percentsun = 80 | Feb percentsun = 80 | Mar percentsun = 73 | Apr percentsun = 55 | May percentsun = 55 | Jun percentsun = 55 | Jul percentsun = 55 | Aug percentsun = 55 | Sep percentsun = 64 | Oct percentsun = 55 | Nov percentsun = 64 | Dec percentsun = 73 | year percentsun = 64 |source 1 = Deutscher Wetterdienst | url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_632500_kt.pdf | title = Klimatafel von Bardera / Somalia | work = Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world | publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst | language = de | access-date = 22 October 2016}} |source 2 = Food and Agriculture Organization: Somalia Water and Land Management (percent sunshine){{cite web | url = http://sddr.faoswalim.org/downloads/Long%20Term%20Mean_Monthly__sunshine%20fraction.xls | title = Long term mean monthly sunshine fraction in Somalia | publisher = Food and Agriculture Organization | access-date = 4 November 2016 | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005063105/http://sddr.faoswalim.org/downloads/Long%20Term%20Mean_Monthly__sunshine%20fraction.xls | url-status = dead

Photos

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Bardere.bridge.jpg" caption="Bridge in Bardera"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Geed_Baardhere.jpg" caption="Bardera pulm tree"] ::

Notable people

Abdiweli Sheikh Ahmed, Former Prime minister of Somalia.

Farah Hussein Sharmarke, Philosopher, Poet.

Fatimo Isaak Bihi, First Somali female ambassador, Ambassador to Geneva, Director of the African Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Aden Ibrahim Aw Hirsi, Author, Somali Politician.

Ahmed Warsame, Head of the Somali Military Academy.

Mohamud Ali Magan, Somali Foreign Affairs, Consul General to United States Of America and Canada.

Ali shire Warsame, Somali Politician

References

References

  1. "Map of Baardheere (Bardera), Somalia, Africa - Collins Maps".
  3. Jones, Seth. (2016). "Counterterrorism and Counterinsurgency in Somalia Assessing the Campaign Against Al Shabaab". RAND corporation.
  4. "FAO/GIEWS - WFP - SPECIAL REPORT on SOMALIA, 3 SEPTEMBER 1999".
  5. (13 April 2006). "Somalia: Rapid food security assessment in Gedo region - The epicenter of the drought - Somalia {{!}} ReliefWeb".
  6. "Baardhere Surname Origin, Meaning & Last Name History".
  7. (2015-07-22). "Bardhere oo laga qabsaday al-Shabaab".
  8. Lee V. Cassanelli, ''The shaping of Somali society: reconstructing the history of a pastoral people, 1600-1900'', (University of Pennsylvania Press: 1982), p.102.
  9. Obba, Gufu. (2014). "Climate Change Adaptation in Africa". Routledge.
  10. Reese, S. S.. (2008-01-01). "Chapter Two. Religious History As Social History". Brill.
  11. (2013). "Muslim Societies in Africa". Indiana University Press.
  12. Obba, Gufu. (2014). "Climate Change Adaptation in Africa". Routledge.
  13. Africa in the Nineteenth Century Until the 1880s edited by J. F. Ade Ajayi Page 387
  14. Cassanelli, Lee Vincent. (1973). "The Benaadir Past: Essays in Southern Somali History". University Microfilms International.
  15. (25 February 2003). "Historical Dictionary of Somalia". Scarecrow Press.
  16. "UNITED NATIONS OPERATION IN SOMALIA II (UNOSOM II) - Background (Full text)".
  17. link. (2010-01-02)
  18. (2013-09-02). "Bardera Town".
  19. (24 November 2020). "Cash-based assistance to support displaced families in Bardera - Somalia {{!}} ReliefWeb".
  20. (2019). "Climate and environmental change in Somalia". Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.
  21. (2022-02-28). "Somalia: ACTED encourages a resilient agriculture against climate change".
  22. "Assessments {{!}} Assessment & Analysis Knowledge Management Platform".
  23. Glavin, Chris. (2017-02-13). "Education in Somalia {{!}} K12 Academics".
  24. "Bardera Polytechnic {{!}} Academic Influence".
  25. "Juba Valley Veterinary Institute".
  26. "Juba Valley Veterinary Institute".
  27. (January 1985). "DEVELOPMENT OF THE JUBA VALLEY: PRESENT SITUATION, POTENTIAL, PLANNING". USAid.
  28. "Secondary and Vocational Education Evaluation 2013-2015, in Gedo Region of Somalia".
  29. "Somali National University {{!}} Mogadishu, Somalia {{!}}".
  30. "Bardera, Somalia — Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates".

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populated-places-in-gedojubba-river