Bara District

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District in Madhesh Province, Nepal

title: "Bara District" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["bara-district", "districts-of-nepal-established-during-rana-regime-or-before", "districts-of-madhesh-province"] description: "District in Madhesh Province, Nepal" topic_path: "general/bara-district" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bara_District" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary District in Madhesh Province, Nepal ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
typeDistrict
nameBara District
native_nameबारा जिल्ला
nicknameअन्नको
native_name_lang
image_skyline{{Photomontage
photo1aBakaiya riverr.jpg
photo2aSimraungadh Fort.jpg
photo2bKalaiya Ghantaghar.jpg
photo3aSimara, Nepal.jpg
spacing1
positioncenter
color_borderwhite
colorwhite
size175
foot_montageLal Bakaiya river, Kalaiya clock tower, a paddy field in Simara, remains of Simraungadh Fort (Clockwise from top)
image_mapBara District locator.png
mapsize300
map_captionBara District (dark yellow) in Madhesh Province
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_name
subdivision_name1Mithila
subdivision_type2Province
subdivision_name2Madhesh
parts_typeMunicipality
parts_stylecoll
established_titleEstablished
seat_typeAdmin HQ.
seatKalaiya
leader_titleHead
leader_title1Deputy-Head
leader_title2Parliamentary constituencies
leader_title3Provincial constituencies
government_typeCoordination committee
governing_bodyDCC, Bara
area_total_km21190
population_footnotes
population_total743982
population_as_of2021
demographics2_footnotes
demographics2_title1Income per capita (US dollars)
demographics2_info1$1763
population_density_km2auto
blank_name_sec1Main Language(s)
blank_name_sec2Major highways
timezone1NPT
utc_offset1+05:45
postal_code_typePostal Codes
area_code_typeTelephone Code
website
blank1_name_sec1Main Languages
blank1_info_sec1Tharu, Nēpālī, Bhojpuri, Maithili
::

| type = District | name = Bara District | native_name = बारा जिल्ला | nickname = अन्नको भण्डार | native_name_lang = | motto = | image_skyline = {{Photomontage | photo1a = Bakaiya riverr.jpg | photo2a = Simraungadh Fort.jpg | photo2b = Kalaiya Ghantaghar.jpg | photo3a = Simara, Nepal.jpg | spacing = 1 | position = center | color_border = white | color = white | size = 175 | foot_montage = Lal Bakaiya river, Kalaiya clock tower, a paddy field in Simara, remains of Simraungadh Fort (Clockwise from top) | imagesize = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_map = Bara District locator.png | mapsize = 300 | map_alt = | map_caption = Bara District (dark yellow) in Madhesh Province | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_alt1 = | map_caption1 = | coordinates = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = | subdivision_name1 = Mithila | subdivision_type2 = Province | subdivision_name2 = Madhesh | parts_type = Municipality | parts_style = coll | p1 = | p2 = | established_title = Established | established_date = | seat_type = Admin HQ. | seat = Kalaiya | leader_title = Head | leader_name = | leader_party = | leader_title1 = Deputy-Head | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = Parliamentary constituencies | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = Provincial constituencies | leader_name3 = | government_footnotes = | government_type = Coordination committee | governing_body = DCC, Bara | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 1190 | area_note = | area_rank = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_min_m = | elevation_max_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 743982 | population_as_of = 2021 | demographics2_footnotes = | demographics2_title1 = Income per capita (US dollars) | demographics2_info1 = $1763 | demographics2_title2 = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_note = | population_rank = | blank_name_sec1 = Main Language(s) | blank_info_sec1 = | blank_name_sec2 = Major highways | blank_info_sec2 = | timezone1 = NPT | utc_offset1 = +05:45 | postal_code_type = Postal Codes | postal_code = | area_code_type = Telephone Code | area_code = | website = | footnotes = | blank1_name_sec1 = Main Languages | blank1_info_sec1 =Tharu, Nēpālī, Bhojpuri, Maithili

Bara District ( ) is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal, located in the western part of the Madhesh Province. The district is third richest district in Nepal after Kathmandu and Morang with 3.3% share of total GDP of Nepal and highest per capita income in Madhesh province. Kalaiya serves as the district's headquarter. Bakaiya, Jamuniya, Pasaha, Dudhaura and Bangari are the main rivers of Bara. The main languages spoken in the district are Tharu, Bhojpuri, Bajjika, and Nepali.

History

Simraungadh is major part of Bara district. It is a historical place in Nepal and famous for agricultural products. Here people grow wheat, maize, and various green vegetables (cauliflower, tomato, banana (raw), beetroot, bitter gourd, bottle gourd, brinjal, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, chilli (green), chilli (dry red), coriander leaves, cucumber, potato and so on).

Bara district is famous for the Gadhimai Temple, particularly as every five years it celebrates the Gadhimai Mela. This festival has historically been celebrated every 5 years by sacrificing animals. In the future animal sacrifice will no longer occur, as temple authorities have decided to convert the festival into a "momentous celebration of life."

Geography and climate

::data[format=table]

Climate ZoneElevation Range% of Area
title = The Map of Potential Vegetation of Nepal - a forestry/agroecological/biodiversity classification systemseries = . Forest & Landscape Development and Environment Series 2-2005 and CFC-TIS Document Series No.110.year = 2005
Lower Tropicalbelow 300 meters (1,000 ft)86.6%
Upper Tropical300 to 1,000 meters
1,000 to 3,300 ft.13.4%
::

The district is surrounded by Parsa district in the west, Rautahat district in the east, Makwanpur district of Bagmati province in the north and Indian state of Bihar in the south. It covers an area of 1,190 km2.

Demographics

At the time of the 2021 Nepal census, Bara District had a population of 763,137. 10.17% of the population is under 5 years of age. It has a literacy rate of 64.54% and a sex ratio of 958 females per 1000 males. 507,224 (66.47%) lived in municipalities.

|thumb=right |caption=Ethnic groups/castes in Bara district (2021) |label1 = Muslim |value1 = 14.43 |color1 = green |label2 = Yadav |value2 = 10.97 |color2 = wheat |label3 = Tharu |value3 = 10.24 |color3 = olive |label4 = Kanu |value4 = 4.88 |color4 = #ddc9aa |label5 = Chamar |value5 = 4.60 |color5 = saddlebrown |label6 = Kushwaha |value6 = 4.32 |color6 = sandybrown |label7 = Kurmi |value7 = 4.06 |color7 = bisque |label8 = Teli |value8 = 4.06 |color8 = palegoldenrod |label9 = Tamang |value9 = 3.92 |color9 = orchid |label10 = Paswan |value10 = 3.30 |color10 = darkgoldenrod |label11 = Dhanuk |value11 = 2.90 |color11 = goldenrod |label12 = Bahun |value12 = 2.75 |color12 = orange |label13 = Kalwar |value13 = 2.65 |color13 = #d3d067 |label14 = Chhetri |value14 = 2.46 |color14 = red |label15 = Mallaah |value15 = 2.24 |color15 = burlywood |label16 = Other Madheshi non-Dalit |value16 = 13.37 |color16 = khaki |label17 = Other Madheshi Dalit |value17 = 3.21 |color17 = sienna |label18 = Other Hill Janjati |value18 = 2.41 |color18 = teal |label19 = Others |value19 = 3.23 |color19 = grey

Ethnicity/caste: Madheshi are the largest group, making up over 61% of the population. Muslims are the largest single community, making up over 14% of the population. Tharus are 10% of the population. There are small minorities of Khas and Hill Janjatis.

Religion: 80.9% were Hindu, 14.7% Muslim, 4.1% Buddhist, 0.3% Christian, 0.04% Kirati, 0.01% Prakriti and 0.3% others.

Literacy: 51.8% could read and write, 3.0% could only read and 45.1% could neither read nor write.

|title= |align= right |clear = |direction =horizontal |percentages = pagr |state = |type = |shading = off |width = |subbox = |pop_name = |year_name = census year |percent_name = |footnote = |source = Citypopulation |graph-pos = bottom |graph-width = |graph-height = |percol = |cols = |perrow = |rows = |1981 |318,957 |1991 |415,718 |2001 |559,135 |2011 |687,708 |2021 |743,975 According to the preliminary 2021 census, Bara district has a total population of 743,975. The population according to 2011 census was 687,708. Between 2011 and 2021, the population growth rate was 0.75%, the 32nd highest in the country. There are 112,329 households in the districts and 134,390 families in this district. The population density is 625 people per sq. kilometers and the average family size is 5.54.

The gender ratio of the district is 104.51 with 380,192 males and 363,783 females.

|thumb=right |caption = Languages of Bara district (2021) |label1 = Bhojpuri |value1 = 73.86 |color1 = gold |label2 = Tharu |value2 = 8.62 |color2 = maroon |label3 = Nepali |value3 = 8.57 |color3 = orange |label4 = Tamang |value4 = 3.32 |color4 = turquoise |label5 = Urdu |value5 = 2.13 |color5 = red |label6 = Bajjika |value6 = 1.74 |color6 = palevioletred |label7 = Others |value7 = 1.76 |color7 = grey

Bhojpuri is the largest language. Tharu is the second-largest language. Nepali is spoken by 9% of the population. Tamang, Urdu and Bajjika are spoken by a small minority.

Administration

The district consists of two sub– metropolitan cities five urban municipalities and nine rural municipalities. These are as follows:

Former municipalities and village development committees

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/NepalBaraDistrictmap.png" caption="VDC/s and Municipalities (blue) in Bara District" alt=""] ::

Prior to the restructuring of the district, Bara consisted of the following municipalities and village development committees:

Villages

Education

Symbiosis Institute of Management (SIM) is situated in district headquarter, Kalaiya which is committed for quality education in Commerce and Education.

Notable people

References

References

  1. (November 2021). "National Population and Housing Census 2021(National Report)". [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal).
  2. (August 2025). "Visualizing Development".
  3. (2014-02-28). "Top 10 languages spoken as mother tongues in Nepal".
  4. "Gadhimai Temple Trust Chairman, Mr Ram Chandra Shah, on the decision to stop holding animal sacrifices during the Gadhimai festival".
  5. (29 July 2015). "Thousands of Animals Have Been Saved in Nepal as Mass Slaughter Is Cancelled". [[Vice News]].
  6. "Provincial/District/Local reports: Madhesh Province". [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal).
  7. "Table 1: Caste/Ethnicity and sex". [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal).
  8. "Table 5: Religion and sex". [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal).
  9. NepalMap Literacy [https://nepalmap.org/data/table/?table=LITERACY_SEX&primary_geo_id=district-08&geo_ids=district-08,province-2,country-NP]
  10. "NEPAL: Administrative Division".
  11. "Preliminary Report of National Population 2021". Central Bureau of Statistics, Nepal.
  12. "Table 5: Mother tongue and sex". [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal).
  13. "स्थानिय तह". Ministry of Federal Affairs and General Administration.

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bara-districtdistricts-of-nepal-established-during-rana-regime-or-beforedistricts-of-madhesh-province