Babol

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City in Mazandaran province, Iran

title: "Babol" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["cities-in-mazandaran-province", "populated-places-in-babol-county", "babol"] description: "City in Mazandaran province, Iran" topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babol" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary City in Mazandaran province, Iran ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

Field	Value
official_name	Babol
native_name
settlement_type	City
image_skyline	{{multiple image
border	infobox
total_width	300
perrow	1/1/2/2/2/
image1	Babol museum.jpg
alt1	Babol museum
image2	Mohammad Hassan Khan Bridge.jpg
alt2	Mohammad Hassan Khan
image3	Borj Didebani.jpg
alt3	Watch Tower
image4	Dearest Dome.jpg
alt4	Dearest Dome
image5	Tekiyekazembeyg.jpg
alt5	Tekiye Kazem Beyg
image6	Babol - hasir frooshan - panoramio.jpg
alt6	Hasir forooshan
imagesize	300px
mapsize	150px
pushpin_map	Iran
coordinates
coordinates_footnotes
subdivision_type	Country
subdivision_name	Iran
subdivision_type1	Province
subdivision_type2	County
subdivision_type3	District
subdivision_name1	Mazandaran
subdivision_name2	Babol
subdivision_name3	Central
leader_title	Mayor
leader_name	Marziyeh Alijan-Nejad
area_total_km2	45
elevation_m	-2 - 50
elevation_ft	-6 - 150
population_footnotes
population_as_of	2016
population_total	250217
population_density_km2	auto
postal_code_type	Postal Code
postal_code	48xxx-xxxxx
area_code	011
website
timezone	IRST
utc_offset	+3:30
blank_name	Vehicle Plate
blank_info	IRAN ج72 , ج82 , ص82
blank1_name	Former Names
blank1_info	Barforoush / Mamatir
::

::callout[type=note]

|official_name = Babol |native_name = |settlement_type = City |image_skyline ={{multiple image | border = infobox | total_width = 300 | perrow = 1/1/2/2/2/ | image1 = Babol museum.jpg | alt1 = Babol museum | image2 = Mohammad Hassan Khan Bridge.jpg | alt2 = Mohammad Hassan Khan | image3 = Borj Didebani.jpg | alt3 = Watch Tower | image4 = Dearest Dome.jpg | alt4 = Dearest Dome | image5 = Tekiyekazembeyg.jpg | alt5 = Tekiye Kazem Beyg | image6 = Babol - hasir frooshan - panoramio.jpg | alt6 = Hasir forooshan |imagesize = 300px |image_caption = |image_seal = |mapsize = 150px |pushpin_map = Iran |coordinates = |coordinates_footnotes = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Iran |subdivision_type1 =Province |subdivision_type2 =County |subdivision_type3 =District |subdivision_name1 =Mazandaran |subdivision_name2 =Babol |subdivision_name3 =Central |established_title = |established_date = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Marziyeh Alijan-Nejad |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 45 |elevation_m = -2 - 50 |elevation_ft = -6 - 150 |population_metro = |population_footnotes = |population_as_of = 2016 |population_total = 250217 |population_est = |population_est_as_of = |population_density_km2 = auto |postal_code_type = Postal Code |postal_code = 48xxx-xxxxx |area_code = 011 |website = |footnotes = |timezone = IRST |utc_offset = +3:30 |blank_name = Vehicle Plate |blank_info = IRAN ج72 , ج82 , ص82 |blank1_name = Former Names |blank1_info = Barforoush / Mamatir

Babol (; ) is a city in the Central District of Babol County, Mazandaran province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Babol is divided into two metropolitan areas (under Iranian law).

History and etymology

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Bahman_Square_of_Babol.jpg" caption="Bahman Square Babol in 1946"] ::

Founded by the Safavids in the 16th century, it was built on the site of the ancient city of Mamtir (deriving from "Mah Mithra" "great Mithra). Mithra or 'The Mediator' was believed to be the savior of creation from the threat of darkness and the one who stands between the light of Ahura Mazda and the darkness of Ahriman. Babol was formerly called Barforushdeh (meaning Market Town) and Barforush afterwards. In 1931, the founder of the Pahlavi dynasty Reza Shah (1878-1944) ordered urban planning efforts to commence in the city and changed its name to Babol, which means city with abundant water supply.

Demographics

Language and ethnicity

Mazandarani people have a background in Tabari ethnicity and speak Mazandarni. Their origin goes back to the Tapuri people, who were forced to migrate to the south coast of the Caspian Sea during the Achaemenid dynasty.

The native people of Sari, Shahi, Babol, Amol, Nowshahr, Chalus, and Tonekabon are Mazandarani people and speak the Mazandarani language.

Population

|title = Population history |align =right |clear = |direction = |percentages = |state = |type = |shading = |width = |subbox = |pop_name = |year_name = |percent_name = |footnote = |source = |graph-pos = |graph-width = |graph-height = |percol = |cols = |perrow = |rows = |1956 |36,194 |1966 |49,973 |1976 |68,059 |1986 |115,320 |1991 |137,348 |1996 |158,346 |2006 |198,636 |2011 |219,467 |2016 |250,217

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 198,636 in 55,943 households. The following census in 2011 counted 219,467 people in 67,069 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 250,217 people in 81,572 households.

Babol is one of the most important cities in the north of Iran, known as a regional center for education, trade, industry, and medical services. It is famous for its orange groves.

Geography

Location

Babol is in the north of Iran, north-east of Tehran, between the northern slopes of the Alborz Mountains and southern coast of the Caspian Sea.The city is located approximately 20 kilometers south of the Caspian Sea on the west bank of Babolrud River. Babol borders Babolsar and Fereydunkenar to the north, Qaem Shahr and Shirgah District to the east, Savadkuh to the southeast, Firuzkuh to the South and Amol to the west. Babol University is famous for its spectacular scenery.

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/MazandaranBabol.PNG" caption="Map showing the location of Babol county as well as Babol city in [[Mazandaran]]."] ::

Climate

the city receives abundant annual rainfall. The Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csa, Trewartha: Cs)

| source = 'Weatherbase Weather2visit

Economy

Commerce and trading are the backbone of the city's economy since it is the largest commercial center for Mazandaran province, partially due to its location at the center of the province and also the large population of villages around the city, making Babol county the most populated county in the province. Babol produces food and textiles — as well as other processed goods, including oranges, lemons, and tangerines. There are many rice farms around the city, and, until about 20 years ago, tea, tobacco, and cotton were processed.

The city is served by Refah Chain Stores Co., Iran Hyper Star, Isfahan City Center, Shahrvand Chain Stores Inc., Kowsar Market, Ofoq Kourosh chain store.

Transportation

Almost all of the city transportation is by car, buses and other road vehicles. Thus, Babol is highly dependent on the regional highway network which connects the city to Babolsar 10 km north, Amol 30 km west and Qaemshahr 15 km east. These are all new wide highways.

Babol has access to an airport 55 km away and to a train station 15 km away.

The ports of Fereydunkenar and Babolsar are both located on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea with connection to other Caspian ports.

Colleges and universities

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Babol_Noshirvani_University_of_Technology-Main_Building.jpg" caption="Noshirvani University of Technology"] ::

As the largest commercial center, the city of Babol also hosts large number of universities province. Universities include:

Babol Noshirvani University of Technology The university is an influential center for academic research in Iran, due to which it has been consistently ranked among the top schools in the country. BNUT is currently ranked 1st among all Iranian universities according to Times Higher Education (THE) World University Rankings. THE has also ranked BNUT between 351st and 400th among world universities, 55th among the world's young universities, as well as 43rd among Asian universities.
Babol University of Medical Sciences
Mazandaran University of Science and Technology
Educators University - Education Center Martyr Rajai Babol
PNU - Babol Center
PNU - Bandpey Unit
Islamic Azad University - Babol Unit
University of Applied Science - Babol Unit
Babol Vocational College of Imam Sadiq
Mazandaran Institute of Technology
Rahedanesh Institute of Higher Education
Tabari Institute of Higher Education
Aryan Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Applied Science of Art and Culture - Unit 4 Of Babol
Institute of Applied Science Technology Jahad Daneshgahi
Institute of Applied Science -Unit Of Western Bandpey
Vocational College of Sama - Babol Unit
Vocational College of AzZahra - Babol Unit

Health centers and hotels

Negin Hotel
Reza Hotel
Marjan Hotel
Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital
Babol Clinic
Shahid Beheshti Hospital
Fatemeh Al-Zahra Hospital
Yahya Nejad Hospital
17 Shahrivar Hospital
Mehregan Hospital

Industry

Major corporations

Iran Khodro Mazandaran
Babol Machine Mfg. & Ind
MSco
Khazar Khodro Babol.Co

Sports

Babol is home to the Iranian Basketball Super League team BEEM Mazandaran BC which plays in the city's Shahid Sojoodi Arena. BEEM also had a popular volleyball team in the Iranian Super League in 2008–2009. Now Babol have a 2 Team in wrestling, Bime Razi and Arash Zin. They have a popular football club, Khooneh Be Khooneh. Khooneh Be Khooneh play in the 1st division (after Premier League) in the Iranian system football. Babol was the host of Freestyle Wrestling Club World Cup in December 2018.

Landmarks

The ruins of Shah Abbas I's palace are located in the city. Mohammad Hassan Khan bridge is also one of the most ancient buildings of Mazandaran. It was built by the king Mohammad Hassan Khan Qajar, the ancestor of Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar as the main road from Babol to Amol. Now it is known as the old road of Babol to Amol. Babol also contains Babol Noshirvani Park, the largest park including a playground located in the northern part of Iran, located in the vicinity of Caspian Sea. Babol is home to many important and intact forests and jungles, such as, Shiadeh, in south-east Babol.

Filband, a village near the northern Iranian city of Babol, is famous for its skies which are full of interconnected cumulus clouds, especially in springtime.

Historical and natural attractions

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Borjedidbanibbl.jpg" caption="Borje didebani"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Masjed_Jame_Babol.jpg" caption="Babol Jameh Mosque"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Soltan_MohamadTaher.jpg" caption="Sultan Mohamad Taher Tomb Tower"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Sardare_Pezeshki.jpg" caption="Entrance of the Medical Sciences University of Babol"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Jameh_Mosque_0.jpg" caption="Jameh Mosque"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Baghferdous.jpg" caption="Bagh-e Ferdous"] ::

Mohammad Hassan Khan bridge
Babol Royal Palace
Babol Museum
Emamzadeh Ghasem
Kazem Beik Mosque
Watchtower
Babol Jameh Mosque
Mohaddesin Mosque
Tekyeh Moghri Kola
Sultan Mohammad Taher Tomb Tower
Darvish Fakhr Al-Din Tomb
Post Building
Head University of Medical Sciences
Ibn Shahr Ashub Tomb
Sarast Tower
Darvish Alam-bazi Tower
Hasirforoshan Mosque
Azroud Thermal Spring
Babolroud
Babolkenar Forest Park
Historic homes Qajansb
Aghajan Nasab House
Osia House
Najafi Mansion
Sheikh Mousa Yaylak and Waterfall
Kimoun Waterfall
Shiadeh Dam
Saghanefar Kija Tekyeh
Porang High School
Shiadeh Saghanefar
Abuol Hasan Kola Saghanefar
Mulana Mosque
Tirkan Waterfall
Haft Waterfall
Filband Village
Bandpey Village
Pir Alam Tekyeh
Moftakher ul-Mamalek Caravanserai
Sadr Hawza
Chahar Suq Mosque
Lafoor Jungle
Bagh-e Ferdows
Noshirvani Park

Notable people

Quddús or Mullá Muḥammad ʻAlí-i-Bárfurúshi (c.1820-1849) – the most prominent disciple of the Báb.
Alireza Firouzja (born 2003) – chess player
Hossein Fallah Noshirvani (1902–1972) – philanthropist
Shahrokh Meskoob (1924–2005) – academic and writer
Alireza Mashaghi (born 1977) – scientist
Ahmad Ghahreman (1928–2008) – botanist
Farhad Rachidi (born 1962) – scientist
Amir Pazevari (17th century) – poet
Muhammad Ashrafi (1804–1898) – Shia Marja'
Mohammad-Ali Barfrushi (1820–1849) – Babi leader
Sheikh Mohammad Haeri Mazandarani (1960) – religious
Zeinolabedin Haeri Mazandarani (1919–1996) – religious
Ali Asghar Mazandarani (1826–1911) – cleric
Karim Motamedi (born 1929) – minister
Hassan Ghashghavi (born 1957) – ambassador
Delkash (1924–2004) – singer
Afshin (born 1978) – singer
Maziar (1952–1997) – singer
Hassan Anousheh (born 1945) – writer
Zeinolabedin Rahnama (1893–1989) – writer
Davoud Rashidi (1933–2016) – actor
Tal'at Basari (born 1925) – feminist writer
Mokarrameh Ghanbari (1928–2005) – painter
Hamid Reza Chitgar (1949–1987) – politician
Reza Salehi Amiri (born 1962) – politician
Arya Aramnejad (born 1983) – singer
Bijan Mortazavi (born 1957) – singer and musician
Towhidi Tabari (born 1964) – artist
Parviz Bahram (1933–2019) – dubber
Mohammad Hossein Mahdavian (born 1981) – film director
Parinaz Izadyar (born 1985) – actress
Leyli Rashidi (born 1973) – actress
Maryam Kavyani (born 1970) – actress
Masoud Hedayatifard (born 1971) – scholar in fishery science
Masih Alinejad (born 1976) – journalist
Sohrab Entezari (born 1977) – football player
Emam-Ali Habibi (born 1931) – wrestler
Morteza Pouraliganji (born 1992) – football player
Mehdi Kheiri (born 1983) – football player
Hadi Norouzi (1985–2015) – football player
Bashir Babajanzadeh (born 1989) – wrestler
Sousan Hajipour (born 1990) – taekwondo practitioner
Noshad Alamian (born 1991) – table tennis player
Nima Alamian (born 1992) – table tennis player
Mojtaba Mirzajanpour (born 1991) – volleyball player

Notes

References

((OpenStreetMap contributors)). (20 October 2024). "منطقه ۱ [District 1], Babol, بخش مرکزی [Central District], Babol County, Mazandaran Province, 47149-48145, Iran".
"GMWH+X8W Babol, Mazandaran Province, Iran".
"Irna News".
Hassan. Habibi. fa. تاریخ تصویب (Approval date) 1369/06/21 (Iranian Jalali calendar). (12 September 1990 ). link. fa. لام تا کام [Lam ta Kam]. {{lang. fa. ‌وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. fa. کمیسیون سیاسی دفاعی هیأت دولت [Political Defense Commission of the Government Board]. fa. شناسه [ID] 6BCA9E6B-F7AD-441C-8A24-47D38564A5F5. {{lang. fa. شماره دوره [Course number] 69, {{lang. fa. شماره جلد [Volume number] 3.
"شهرداری بابل".
"Glottolog 4.8 - Mazanderani".
Borjian, Habib. (2004). "Māzandarān: Language and People". [[Brill Publishers.
"Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, illustrated by numerous engravings on wood. William Smith, LLD. London. Walton and Maberly, Upper Gower Street and Ivy Lane, Paternoster Row; John Murray, Albemarle Street. 1854., TAPU´RI".
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Windfuhr, G. L. 1989. New Iranian languages: Overview. In Rüdiger Schmitt, ed., ''Compendium linguarum Iranicarum''. Wiesbaden: L. Reichert. pp. 490.
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Iranian Students' News Agency - ISNA
"Climate: Babol - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org.
"Babol: Climate Summary". CantyMedia.
"Babol, Iran Monthly – All Weather Averages". CantyMedia.
"Bābol monthly weather averages".
(2021-11-11). "Babol Noshirvani University of Technology".
(23 April 2018). "Iran's Beauties in Photos: Scenic Village of Filband".

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::