Avitelmessus

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title: "Avitelmessus" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["dromiacea", "cretaceous-arthropods-of-north-america", "late-cretaceous-crustaceans", "late-cretaceous-animals-of-north-america", "fossil-taxa-described-in-1923", "cretaceous-north-carolina", "cretaceous-mississippi", "cretaceous-tennessee", "fossils-of-north-carolina", "fossils-of-mississippi", "fossils-of-tennessee", "maastrichtian-genera"] description: "Extinct genus of crabs" topic_path: "general/dromiacea" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avitelmessus" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Extinct genus of crabs ::

| fossil_range = Late Cretaceous, | image = Avitelmessus grapsoides.JPG | image_caption = Fossil of Avitelmessus grapsoideus | genus = Avitelmessus | parent_authority = Rathbun, 1923 | species = grapsoideus | authority = Rathbun, 1923

Avitelmessus is an extinct genus of crab from the Late Cretaceous Peedee Formation and Ripley Formation of the United States. The type and only species is A. grapsoideus.

Taxonomic history

Avitelmessus was described in 1923 by Mary J. Rathbun, who assigned it to the family Atelecyclidae. Martin Glaessner reassigned it to the family Dakoticancridae in 1960.

Description

The shell of Avitelmessus was about 2.25 in in length and was nearly ovular in shape, with a "rounded outline". The upper surface was marked by "broad, shallow grooves" which formed two attached diamond-like shapes, with the larger one closer to the front. "Subsidiary" grooves came in contact with both sides of the larger diamond. The "fairly blunt" anterior edge of the carapace possessed a small, central rostrum, with orbits on either side. The front legs were modified to become chelipeds, with pincers formed by an upper finger, which was movable, and a lower finger, which was stationary (an extension of the previous leg segment). All limbs were covered by "fine granules". At least one specimen with "color markings" (considered rare among fossil crabs) has been discovered. The colors are described as "a medium background, dark spots and blotches, and light lines".

Fossil sites

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Avitelmessus_grapsoideus_fossil,_Tellus_Science_Museum.jpg" caption="Fossil in the [[Tellus Science Museum"] ::

Avitelmessus was originally described by Rathbun based on the holotype from the Peedee Formation of North Carolina, as well as specimens from the Ripley Formation of Mississippi. Later, she would also describe specimens from western Tennessee. Avitelmessus is also present on the Atlantic coastal plain and in the Mississippi Embayment. The "near restriction" of Avitelmessus to the Mississippi embayment (and that of other Dakoticancridae members to other specific areas) suggest "provincialism" among the family.

References

References

1. "Fossilworks: Avitelmessus".
2. Rathbun, M. J. (1923). "Decapod Crustaceans from the Upper Cretaceous of North Carolina." ''North Carolina Geological Survey'', vol. 5., pp. 403-408.
3. Palmer, Douglas. (2009). "Prehistoric Life: the Definitive Visual History of Life on Earth". [[Dorling Kindersley.
4. (January 18, 1957). "An Upper Cretaceous crab, ''Avitelmessus grapsoideus'' Rathbun". [[University of Michigan]].
5. (1998). "The Dakoticancridae (Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Late Cretaceous of North America and Mexico". [[Contributions to Zoology]].
6. Bishop, Gale A.. (1988). "A new crab, ''Seorsus wadei'', from the Late Cretaceous Coon Creek Formation, Union Country, Mississippi". [[Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington]].
7. Bishop, Gale A.. (1986). "Crustacean Biogeography". [[August Aimé Balkema.

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::