Anabta

Quality 0.50 · 2 views · Updated 2 months ago

title: "Anabta" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["anabta"] topic_path: "general/anabta" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabta" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
nameAnabta
translit_lang1Arabic
translit_lang1_typeArabic
translit_lang1_infoعنبتا
translit_lang1_type1Latin
translit_lang1_info1'Anabta (official)
'Anabta and Iktaba (unofficial)
typeMunicipality type C
image_skylineView_of_Anabta.jpg
image_captionView of Anabta
blank_emblem_typeSeal of the Anabta Municipality
pushpin_mapPalestine#West Bank
pushpin_map_captionLocation of Anabta within Palestine
coordinates
grid_namePalestine grid
grid_position161/190
subdivision_typeState
subdivision_nameState of Palestine
subdivision_type1Governorate
subdivision_name1Tulkarm
established_titleFounded
government_footnotestags --
government_typeMunicipality
leader_titleHead of Municipality
leader_nameHamdallah. H. Hamdallah
unit_prefdunam
population_total8,077
population_as_of2017
population_density_km2auto
blank_name_sec1Name meaning
blank_info_sec1grapes
::

| name = Anabta | translit_lang1 = Arabic | translit_lang1_type = Arabic | translit_lang1_info = عنبتا | translit_lang1_type1 = Latin | translit_lang1_info1 = 'Anabta (official) 'Anabta and Iktaba (unofficial) | type = Municipality type C | image_skyline = View_of_Anabta.jpg | image_caption = View of Anabta | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = Seal of the Anabta Municipality | pushpin_map = Palestine#West Bank | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Anabta within Palestine | image_map = | map_caption = | coordinates = | grid_name = Palestine grid | grid_position = 161/190 | subdivision_type = State | subdivision_name = State of Palestine | subdivision_type1 = Governorate | subdivision_name1 = Tulkarm | established_title = Founded | established_date = | government_footnotes = tags -- | government_type = Municipality | leader_title = Head of Municipality | leader_name = Hamdallah. H. Hamdallah | unit_pref = dunam | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = | area_total_dunam = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_min_m = | elevation_max_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 8,077 | population_as_of = 2017 | population_note = | population_density_km2 = auto | blank_name_sec1 = Name meaning | blank_info_sec1 = grapes | website = | footnotes =

Anabta () is a Palestinian town in the Tulkarm Governorate in the northern West Bank, located 9 kilometers east of Tulkarm. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Anabta had a population of 8,077 inhabitants in 2017. Anabta is administered by a municipal council and is one of the oldest municipalities in the Tulkarm Governorate.

Etymology

The name is derived from the word Enabta, which meant "grape" or "berry" in Aramaic and Syriac. Many grape presses have been found in the hills around the village.

History

Roman and Byzantine era

Sherds from the Hellenistic, early and late Roman and the Byzantine eras have been found here.

During Roman and Byzantine rule, Anabta was a Samaritan village. A tradition connects the village with Dositheos, a Samaritan religious leader possibly active during the 1st century CE. Some olive trees still existing in Anabta are said to date back to Roman times.

According to the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine, the site appeared "ancient", and rock-cut tombs and a tank of good masonry had been found.

Pottery sherds from the early Muslim and Medieval eras have also been found here.

Mamluk and Ottoman eras

During the reign of Mamluk Sultan Baibars al-Bunduqdari in the 13th century, Anabta served as a central staging point from which to supply the Muslim armies fighting Crusader and Mongol incursions. The location was chosen because it was considered relatively easy to protect as the area is nestled between two large hills.

During Ottoman rule, Anabta was listed in the 1596 Ottoman tax register as being in the Nahiya of Jabal Sami of the Liwa of Nablus. It had a population of 55 Muslim households who paid a fixed tax rate of 33,3% on wheat, barley, summer crops, olives, goats or beehives, and presses for grapes or olives; a total of 13,757 akçe.

In 1852, the American scholar Edward Robinson visited the village. He described it as "large and well built", with two watermills by the stream. There were many camels there, as the village was on the main route for camels from Nablus to Ramleh.

In 1870/1871 (1288 AH), an Ottoman census listed the village in the nahiya (sub-district) of Wadi al-Sha'ir.

In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described it as a village of moderate size, in the valley, with olives around it. It also had a mill. A portion of the Hejaz Railway used to run through the centre of the town, parallel to the main street.

British Mandate era

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Anabta_1945.jpg" caption="Anabta. 1945. Survey of Palestine. Scale 1:250,000."] ::

The first local council in Anabta was established in 1922 during the mandate period. In the 1936 Anabta shooting, on the night of April 15, 1936, a prelude to the 1936–39 Arab revolt in Palestine, about 20 vehicles traveling on the road outside Anabta were stopped at a road block constructed for the purpose by armed villagers, and forced to hand over weapons and cash. 3 Jewish drivers were separated from the non-Jewish drivers and shot, 2 died of their injuries, the third survived. In June, an attack by Arab irregulars on a civilian bus convoy escalated into the Battle of Anabta, a brief but intense fight between Arab militants and the British army involving air attacks on the Arab fighters. On October 12, 1936, when the rebellion stopped, the Daily Telegraph reporter described the village during his visit to it, he said: "Anabta, the scene of several encounters between British troops and Arabs, was the only place through which I passed where the inhabitants showed truculence". ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Anabta_1947.jpg" caption="Anabta 1947"] ::

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Anabta came under Jordanian rule.

In 1954, Anabta became a municipal council.

In 1961, the population of Anabta was 4,018.

Post-1967

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Anabta has been under Israeli occupation. Shortly after the war, Anabta underwent major development and achieved local council status. According to Israel's Ministry of Defense, the village was connected to the Israeli electric grid. Anabta lies on the edge of the Tulkarm district's Area A, a Palestinian enclave, which means the city became under full security and civil jurisdiction of the Palestinian National Authority.

Geography

Anabta is located 19 kilometers west of Nablus and 9 kilometers east of Tulkarm. The town is bordered to the north by the village of Kafr Rumman, the south by the town of Kafr al-Labad, the east by the village of Ramin and the northwest by the town of Bal'a. The city is elevated 150 meters above sea level. Surrounded by hills on all sides, a small valley that runs through the center of the town. The town has an urban area of about 1,300 dunams. Most of its exterior lands are planted with olives, figs and almonds or covered by forests. Water is provided by five underground wells, with distribution supervised by the town's municipality. The Israeli settlement Einav is located southeast of the city and an Israeli checkpoint is positioned at the eastern entrance of the town.

Demographics

By an 1870 visitor, the population was estimated at 1,800. At the time of the 1922 census of Palestine, Anabta had a population of 1,606 Muslims. In the 1931 census of Palestine, the combined population of Anabta, Iktaba and Nur ash Shams was 2498; 2,457 Muslims, 34 Christians and 1 Druze living in 502 houses. In 1945, the combined population of Anabta and Iktaba was 3,120. Between 1922 and 1947, the population increased by 110%.

In 1967, the population was 3,400, rising to 5,700 by 1987 and 8,300 by 2009.

Clans

Residents of Anabta belong to two large clans, 'Amr and Al-Jetawi. These families are then divided into smaller families. Residents of the village have origins in Hebron, Kafr ad-Dik and other locations. Anabta also contains a significant population of Palestinians from Gaza who are not classified among the families.

Education

The town has two high schools and four elementary schools that are maintained and funded by the Palestinian Authority Ministry of Education.

Health care

The St John of Jerusalem Eye Hospital Group operates a clinic in Anabta envisaged as a centre for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy in the northern West Bank.

Notable residents, or people from Anabta

References

Bibliography

References

  1. Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/178/mode/1up 178]
  2. [[Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics]]. (February 2018). "Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census 2017".
  3. Ran Zadok. (1985). "Notes on Modern Palestinian Toponymy". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins.
  4. link. (2011-09-03 Anabta Municipality entry titled "عنبتا" (Arabic))
  5. Zertal, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Vt-IvRhCEyYC&pg=PA370 370]
  6. Tsafrir, Di Segni and Green, 1994, p. 62
  7. Alan David Crown. (1989). "The Samaritans". Mohr Siebeck.
  8. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/158/mode/1up 158]
  9. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/170/mode/1up 170]
  10. Dauphin, 1998, p. 762
  11. Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 127
  12. Robinson and Smith, 1856, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/laterbiblicalre01smitgoog#page/n174/mode/1up 125]-126
  13. Grossman, David. (2004). "Arab Demography and Early Jewish Settlement in Palestine". Magnes Press.
  14. Government of Palestine. (1926). "Blue Book: Contains also Civil list, Meteorological observations, Communications, Statistics, etc.". Palestine.
  15. Official Gazette of the Government of Palestine, No. 71, 15 July 1922, pp. 7–8
  16. [http://www.jpress.org.il/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Archive&Skin=TAUEn&Source=MyColl&ViewMode=GIF&AppName=2&BaseHref=PLS/1936/04/17&EntityId=Ar00100&PageLabelPrint=1 'Nablus Banidits Seen as Izz ed Din's followers'], ''Palestine Post'', Friday, 17 April 1936.
  17. [https://books.google.com/books?id=FkyMsycbemEC&dq=anabta+jewish&pg=PR6 Israel's secret wars: A history of Israel's intelligence services, Ian Black]
  18. Michael Williams. (25 October 1936). "Commonweal". Commonweal Pub. Corp..
  19. "Anabta, the scene of several encounters between British troops and Arabs". [[Royal Lincolnshire Regiment]].
  20. Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/JordanCensusPages/JordanCensus1961-p13.pdf 13]
  21. Ori Stendel. (1968). "Arab villages in Israel and Judea-Samaria (the West Bank): a comparison in social development". Israel Economist.
  22. Israel. Miśrad ha-biṭaḥon. (1968). "The Israel administration in Judaea, Samaria and Gaza: a record of progress". Ministry of Defence.
  23. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/TulkarmTownsSnapshot.html Tulkarem: town listing in a snapshot] Palestine Remembered
  24. [https://web.archive.org/web/20050210021232/http://www.palestine-info.info/arabic/landhistory/geo/tolkarem.htm The city of Tulkarem and its villages]{{in lang. ar Palestine Information Centre.
  25. [http://www.btselem.org/Download/Separation_Barrier_Map_Eng.pdf Map of the Separation Barrier in the West Bank] B'Tselem
  26. Guérin, 1875, p. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr04gugoog#page/n238/mode/1up 213] ''A cinq kilomètres au nord-oest du Kharbet Kefr Lebed, un grand village, occupant à la fois un vallon et un monticule, compte 1,800 habitants; il se nomme A'nebta, Plusieurs citernes et quelques tombeaux antiques creusés dans le roc attestent qu'il a succédé à une ancienne ville, dont la Bible ne parle pas.''
  27. Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Tulkarem, p.[https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n29/mode/1up 27]
  28. Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 53]
  29. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Tulkarm/Page-074.jpg 74]
  30. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p20.jpg 20]
  31. Transformation in Arab Settlement, [[Moshe Brawer]], in ''The Land that Became Israel: Studies in Historical Geography'', [[Ruth Kark]] (ed), Magnes Press, Jerusalem 1989, p.177
  32. [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ar/2/2e/Anabtafamilies2.png] Anabta Family Tree{{dead link. (August 2021)
  33. Grossman, D. (1986). "Oscillations in the Rural Settlement of Samaria and Judaea in the Ottoman Period". in '''Shomron studies'''. Dar, S., Safrai, S., (eds). Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishing House. p. 346
  34. [https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:kKwJIu6GVrQJ:www.markbenevolence.org.uk/downloads/Anabta_Appeal_Information.pdf+anabta&hl=en&gl=il&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgwWAyAwZaY4P0IdqAMhq2a76ndT3qS4ICUUExfASQzfff9xuW40uY0deO4Q-15AifVQBgSlIgukstfuyvZoKU3A18ivMqjXFgdeG1z9vG87cD_CoCYD9tz-hOjV2Xl5B7Z55Kp&sig=AHIEtbQ8b87RdopHdEQQ8OPyDen-OrJFlQ Anabta eye clinic]
  35. [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-palestinians-government-idUSBRE97C0HU20130813 Palestinian PM who resigned is asked again to form government], 13 Aug 2013.
  36. (19 September 2013). "New Palestinian Authority government carbon copy of old". [[Los Angeles Times]].
  37. [http://www.webgaza.net/palestine/people_profiles/Hamdallah_Rami.htm Rami Hamdallah]

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

anabta