Akan names
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title: "Akan names" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["akan-given-names", "akan-language"] description: "none" topic_path: "general/akan-given-names" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akan_names" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
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The Akan people of Ghana, Ivory Coast, and Togo frequently name their children after the day of the week they were born and the order in which they were born. These "day names" have further meanings concerning the soul and character of the person. Middle names have considerably more variety and can refer to their birth order, twin status, or an ancestor's middle name.
This naming tradition is shared throughout West Africa and the African diaspora. During the 18th–19th centuries, enslaved people in the Caribbean from the region that is modern-day Ghana were referred to as Coromantees. Many of the leaders of enslaved people's rebellions had "day names" including Cuffy, Cuffee or Kofi, Cudjoe or Kojo, Quao or Quaw, and Quamina or Kwame/Kwamina.
Most Ghanaians have at least one name from this system, even if they also have an English or Christian name. Notable figures with day names include Ghana's first president Kwame Nkrumah and former United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan.
In the official orthography of the Akan language, the Ashanti versions of these names as spoken in Kumasi are as follows. The diacritics on á a̍ à represent high, mid, and low tone (tone does not need to be marked on every vowel), while the diacritic on a̩ is used for vowel harmony and can be ignored. (Diacritics are frequently dropped in any case.) Variants of the names are used in other languages, or may represent different transliteration schemes. The variants mostly consist of different affixes (in Ashanti, kwa- or ko- for men and a- plus -a or -wa for women). For example, among the Fante, the prefixes are kwe-, kwa or ko for men and e-, a respectively. Akan d̩wo or jo (Fante) is pronounced something like English Joe, but there do appear to be two sets of names for those born on Monday.
Characteristics of each day
- Sunday's child is the general leader, sensitive to family situations and warm member of the family. He/she tends to be shy and likes to keep to himself/herself, but is very aware of his/her surroundings and usually is the secret keeper of the family.
- Monday's child is the father or mother in the family; nurturing in nature, dependable and organized, and protective of his/her family.
- Tuesday's child is the problem solver and planner of the family. They are structured in nature, neutral in all matters and never take sides.
- Wednesday's child is fully in control of every situation, does not want to be told what to do, knows it all, is spontaneous, vibrant and cordial.
- Thursday's child is quiet in nature and incredibly observant. They are generally listeners, not talkers, and analyzes situations very well.
- Friday's child is a leader, not a follower. He/she is very temperamental but has a big heart. Generally the instigator of everything.
- Saturday's child likes to take control of family situations. He/she runs the show and make the rules, but will go out of his/her way for others any time.--
Day names
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| Day born | Ashanti | Variants | Root | Assoc.{{cite journal | Male name | Female name | Ndyuka |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| last = Bartle | first = Philip F. W. | title = Forty Days: The Akan Calendar | journal = Africa: Journal of the International African Institute | volume = 48 | issue = 1 | pages = 80–84 | publisher = Edinburgh University Press |
| *Sunday | |||||||
| (Kwesida)* | Kwasi | Akosua, | Kwasi, Siisi, Akwasi, Kosi; | ||||
| Akasi, Akosi, Akosiwa, Kwasiba, Awusi, Asi, Ese | Kwasi, Kwasiba | Asi | Universe | Kwesi, Quasheba, Esi, Siisi | |||
| *Monday | |||||||
| (Jowda)* | Kwadwo | Adwoa | Kodjó, Kojo, Kwadwo, Jojo, Cudjoe; | ||||
| Adjua, Ajwoba, Adwoba, Adjoa, Adjo, N'adjo, M'adjo, Adjowa, Ajao | Kodyo, Adyuba | Dwo | Peace | Cudjoe, Kojo, Joojo, Adjoa, Ajuba, Juba | |||
| *Tuesday | |||||||
| (Benada)* | Kwabena, | Abena | Komlá, Komlã, Komlan, Kabenla, Kobby, Ebo, Kobi, Kobina; | ||||
| Ablá, Ablã, Abenaa, Araba, Abrema | Abeni | Bene | Ocean | Kobina, Abena, Ewurabena | |||
| *Wednesday | |||||||
| (Wukuda)* | Kwaku | Akua | Kukuuwa, Kwaku | Koku, Kokou, Kwaku, Abeiku, Kaku, Kuuku, Kwaku; | |||
| Akuba, Akú, Ekua, Akuba | Wukuo | Spider (Sky) | Kweku, Abeiku, Yooku, Kukuuwa, Cooba | ||||
| *Thursday | |||||||
| (Yahwada)* | Yaw | Yaa | Yao, Yawo, Yawu, Yawa, Ayawa, Kwaw, Ekow, Kow; | ||||
| Yaa, Yaaba, Yaba, Aaba, Abina | Yaw, Yaba | Ya | Earth | Ekow, Quao, Aba, Yaaba, Baaba | |||
| *Friday | |||||||
| (Fida)* | Kofi | Afua | Fiifi, Yoofi; | ||||
| Afí, Afiba, Afia, Efua, Efe | Kofi, Afiba | Afi | Fertility | Fiifi, Yoofi Cuffee, Afiba, Fiba | |||
| *Saturday | |||||||
| (Memeneda)* | Kwame | Amba, Ama | Kwami, Kuw-ame, Kw-ame, Kwamena, Kw-amina, Komi; | ||||
| Ame, Ami, Amba, Amma, Ameyo | Kwami, Amba | Amene | God | Kwamina, Ama | |||
| :: |
Naming for twins
There are also special names for elder and younger twins.
The word Panyin means older/elder. Kakra is short for Kakraba, which means little/younger one. The definition/description below for the meaning of younger and an elder is backwards or vice versa.
::data[format=table]
| Twin | Male name | Female name | Variants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Twin | Attá | Ataá | Atta |
| Firstborn ("elder" twin) | Atta Panyin | Attá Panyin | Panyin |
| Second born ("younger" twin) | Atta kakra | Kakra, Kakraba | Ataa |
| Born after twins | Tawia. | ||
| Born after Tawia | Gaddo | Nyankómàgó | |
| :: |
Birth-order names
There are also names based on the order of birth, the order born after twins, and the order born after remarriage.
::data[format=table]
| Order | Male name | Female name |
|---|---|---|
| First born | Píèsíe | |
| Second born | Mǎnu | Máanu |
| Third born | Meńsã́ | Mánsã |
| Fourth born | Anan, Anané | |
| Fifth born | Núm, Anúm | |
| Sixth born | Esĩã́ | |
| Seventh born | Esuón | Nsṍwaa |
| Eighth born | Bótwe | |
| Ninth born | Ákron, Nkróma | Nkróma Nkrũmãh |
| Tenth born | Badú | Badúwaa |
| Eleventh born | Dúkũ | |
| Twelfth born | Dúnu | |
| Thirteenth born | Adusa | |
| Fourteenth born | Agyeman | |
| Last born | Kaakyire | |
| :: |
Special delivery
Children are also given names when delivered under special circumstances.
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| Circumstance | Male/Female name | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| on the field | Efum | "The field" |
| on the road | Ɔkwán | "The road" |
| in war | Bekṍe, Bedíàkṍ | "war time" |
| happy circumstances | Afriyie/Afiríyie | "good year" |
| one who loves | Adofo | "the special one from God, warrior" |
| great one | Agyenim | "the great one from God" |
| after long childlessness | Nyamékyε | "gift from God" |
| premature or sickly | Nyaméama | "what God has given (no man can take away)" |
| forceful | Kumi | "forcefulness" |
| after death of father | Antó | "it didn't meet him" |
| *father refuses | ||
| responsibility* | Obím̀pέ | "nobody wants" |
| Yεmpέw | "we don't want you" | |
| :: |
Family names
Ashanti people given-names are concluded with a family name (surname) preceded by a given name. The family name (surname) are always given after close relatives and sometimes friends. Since Ashanti names are always given by the men, if a couple receives a son as their first born-baby then the son is named after the father of the husband and if the baby is a girl then she will be named after the mother of the husband. As a result, if the man is called Osei Kofi and his wife gives birth to a girl as their first born, the girl may be called Yaa Dufie even if she was not born on Friday. The reason is that the mother of the husband (Osei Kofi) is called Yaa Dufie. The Ashanti people usually give these names so that the names of close relatives be maintained in the families to show the love for their families.
In the olden days of Ashanti it was a disgrace if an Ashanti man was not able to name any child after his father and/or mother because that was the pride of every Ashanti household. Most of the ethnic-Ashanti family name (surname) given to boys could also be given to girls just by adding the letters "aa". Some Ashanti family names (surnames) can be given to both boys and girls without changing or adding anything. However, there are other ethnic-Ashanti family name (surnames) that are exclusively male names, while others are exclusively female names.
::data[format=table] | # | Ethnic-Ashanti family name | # | Ethnic-Ashanti family name | # | Ethnic-Ashanti family name | 1 | Abeberese | 84 | Baafi | 168 | Mensah | 2 | Abeyie | 85 | Baah | 169 | Mintah | 3 | Aboagye | 86 | Bafuor | 170 | Misa | 4 | Aboah | 87 | Baffoe | 171 | Mmorosa | 5 | Aborah | 88 | Baako | 172 | Mpong | 6 | Aborampah | 89 | Baidoo | 173 | Munuo | 7 | Abrafi | 90 | Barwuah | 174 | Narh | 8 | Abrefa | 91 | Banahene | 175 | Nduom | 9 | Acheampong | 92 | Bediako | 176 | Nimo || Nimoh | 10 | Achamfour | 93 | Bekoe | 177 | Nkansa || Nkansah | 11 | Acquah | 94 | Bemah | 178 | Nkrumah | 12 | Adade | 95 | Boadi | 179 | Nsiah | 13 | Addai | 96 | Boadu | 180 | Nsonwah || Nsonwaa | 14 | Addo | 97 | Boahen | 181 | Nsor | 15 | Adiyiah | 98 | Boakye | 182 | Ntiamoa || Ntiamoah | 16 | Adomah | 99 | Boamah | 183 | Ntim | 17 | Adomako | 100 | Boampong | 184 | Ntow | 18 | Adusei | 101 | Boasiako | 185 | Nuako | 19 | Adwubi | 102 | Boateng | 186 | Nkruamah | 20 | Afoakwah | 103 | Boatei | 187 | Nyamekye | 21 | Afreh | 104 | Bonah | 188 | Nyantah | 22 | Afram | 105 | Bonsu | 189 | Nyantakyi | 23 | Afrane | 106 | Bonsra || Bonsrah | 190 | Nyarko | 24 | Afrakoma || Afrakomah | 107 | Brempong | 191 | Obeng || Oteng | 25 | Afrifa || Afirifa | 108 | Busia || Busiah | 192 | Obuor | 26 | Afriyie | 109 | Cofie || Cuffee || Kofi | 193 | Oduro | 27 | Afful | 110 | Crentsil | 194 | Ofori | 28 | Ahinful | 111 | Daako || Darko | 195 | Ofosu | 29 | Arkorful | 112 | Dankwah || Danquah | 196 | Ogyampah | 30 | Agyapong | 113 | Danso | 197 | Ohemeng | 31 | Agyare | 114 | Dapaa || Dapaah || Depay | 198 | Ohene | 32 | Agyei | 115 | Diawuo | 199 | Okese | 33 | Agyeman || Agyemang | 116 | Donkor || Donkoh || Dontoh | 200 | Okoromansah | 34 | Aidoo | 117 | Domfe | 201 | Okyere | 35 | Akenten || Akenteng | 118 | Dorkenoo | 202 | Omenah || Omenaa | 36 | Akomeah | 119 | Duah | 203 | Opambuor | 37 | Akomfrah | 120 | Dufie | 204 | Opare | 38 | Akosah | 121 | Duodu | 205 | Opoku | 39 | Akoto | 122 | Dwamena || Dwamenah | 206 | Oppong | 40 | Akuamoah | 123 | Dwomoh | 207 | Opuni | 41 | Akuffo | 124 | Ekuoba | 208 | Osafo | 42 | Akrofi | 125 | Enninful | 209 | Osam | 43 | Akyaw | 126 | Essien | 210 | Otuo | 44 | Amakye | 127 | Farkyi | 211 | Osei | 45 | Amamfo | 128 | Firikyi | 212 | Owoahene | 46 | Amankona || Amankonah | 129 | Fofie | 213 | Owusu | 47 | Amankwah | 130 | Fokuo | 214 | Oyiakwan | 48 | Ameyaw | 131 | Fordjour | 215 | Paintsil | 49 | Amissah | 132 | Forobuor | 216 | Pappoe | 50 | Amoabeng | 133 | Fredua || Freduah | 217 | Peprah | 51 | Amoah | 134 | Fremah | 218 | Pinaman | 52 | Amoako | 135 | Frimpong || Frempon || Frempong | 219 | Poku | 53 | Amoateng | 136 | Gyakari | 220 | Prempeh | 54 | Amofah | 137 | Gyan || Djan || Djansi | 221 | Quainoo | 55 | Ampadu | 138 | Gyamera || Gyamerah | 222 | Quansah | 56 | Ampem | 139 | Gyamah || Gyaama | 223 | Safo || Sarfo | 57 | Ampofo | 140 | Gyamfi | 224 | Sakyi | 58 | Amponsah | 141 | Gyambibi | 225 | Sarkodie | 59 | Amponsem | 142 | Gyasi | 226 | Sarpei || Yartei | 60 | Andoh | 143 | Gyeabuor | 227 | Sarpon || Sarpong | 61 | Ankobiah | 144 | Gyimah | 228 | Sasraku | 62 | Ankomah | 145 | Inkoom | 229 | Siabuor | 63 | Ankrah | 146 | Karikari | 230 | Siaw | 147 | Katakyie | 231 | Sika | 65 | Anokye | 148 | Kenu | 232 | Sikafuo | 66 | Ansah | 149 | Koduah | 233 | Sintim | 67 | Apori Antwi | 150 | Kokote | 234 | Siriboe | 68 | Apau | 151 | Konadu | 235 | Soadwa || Soadwah | 69 | Appiah | 152 | Koranten || Koranteng | 236 | Sowah | 70 | Asamoah | 153 | Korsah | 237 | Tagoe | 71 | Asante || Asantewaa | 154 | Kouassi | 238 | Takyi | 72 | Asare | 155 | Kufuor || Kuffour | 239 | Tandoh | 73 | Asenso | 156 | Kumankama | 240 | Tawiah | 74 | Ashia | 157 | Kusi || Kusiwaa | 241 | Tuffour | 158 | Kwantwi | Tutu | 75 | Asiamah | 159 | Kwaata | 242 | Twasam | 76 | Asiedu | 160 | Kwakye | 243 | Tweneboa || Tweneboah | 77 | Asomadu | 161 | Kwateng || Kwarteng | 244 | Twerefuo | 77 | Asomaning | 162 | Kwayie | 245 | Twum || Twumasi | 79 | Asubonteng | 163 | Kyekyeku | 247 | Wiafe || Wiredu | Assumin | Assuming | Kyem | 80 | Ayeh | 164 | Kyereme | 248 | Yamoah | 81 | Ayensu | 165 | Kyerematen || Kyeremateng | 249 | Yankah | 82 | Ayew | 166 | Kyerewa || Kesewaa | 250 | Yeboah | 83 | Awuah | 167 | Mansong | 251 | Yiadom | - | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| ::
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References
Additional references
- J. E. Redden and N. Owusu (1963, 1995). Twi Basic Course. Foreign Service Institute (Hippocrene reprint).
- Florence Abena Dolphyne (1996). A Comprehensive Course in Twi (Asante) for the Non-Twi Learner. Accra: Ghana Universities Press.
- Akan Teleteaching course
- Aukan Library (Ndyuka)
References
- Neita, Lance, [https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/2014/08/29/so-whats-in-a-name/ "So what's in a name?"], ''[[Jamaica Observer]]'', 29 August 2014.
- For the Akan, the first-born twin is considered the younger, as the elder is thought to have stayed behind to help the younger out.
- "List of Ashanti (Twi, Asante) Names". afropedea.org.
- "The Sociolinguistic of Ashanti Personal Names". njas.helsinki.fi.
- "The Ashanti and their names". asanteman.freeservers.com.
- Philip Briggs. (2001). "Ghana: The Bradt Travel Guide". Bradt.
- "Sacramento Kings {{!}} The Official Site of the Sacramento Kings".
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