Agathoxylon

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Extinct genus of conifers of the family Araucariaceae

title: "Agathoxylon" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["araucariaceae", "paleozoic-genus-first-appearances", "mesozoic-genera", "late-cretaceous-genus-extinctions", "paleozoic-life-of-new-brunswick", "paleozoic-life-of-nova-scotia", "paleozoic-life-of-prince-edward-island", "fossils-of-antarctica", "fossils-of-argentina", "fossils-of-botswana", "fossils-of-germany", "fossils-of-india", "fossils-of-namibia", "fossils-of-romania", "fossils-of-south-africa", "fossils-of-turkey", "fossils-of-zambia", "fossils-of-zimbabwe", "fossil-taxa-described-in-1848", "prehistoric-gymnosperm-genera"] description: "Extinct genus of conifers of the family Araucariaceae" topic_path: "geography/argentina" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agathoxylon" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Extinct genus of conifers of the family Araucariaceae ::

| fossil_range = Late Carboniferous-Maastrichtian | image = Dadoxylon-chalala.jpg | image_caption = Agathoxylon fossil trunks from the Bumi Hills area of Zimbabwe | taxon = Agathoxylon | authority = Hartig 1848 | type_species = Agathoxylon cordaianum | type_species_authority = Hartig 1848 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text | synonyms = |title=Agathoxylon synonymy |Agathoxylon P.Greguss 1952 |Araucariopsis Caspary |Araucarioxylon Kraus |Cordaioxylon Felix |Cordaixylon Grand |Cordaites |Dadoxylon Endlicher |Dammaroxylon J.Schultze-Motel |Palaeoxylon A.T.Brongniart |Peuce Lindley & W.Hutton |Platyspiroxylon P.Greguss |Simplicioxylon G.Andreánszky

Agathoxylon (also known by the synonyms Dadoxylon and Araucarioxylon) is a form genus of fossil wood, including massive tree trunks. Although identified from the late Palaeozoic to the end of the Mesozoic, Agathoxylon is common from the Carboniferous to Triassic. and Cheirolepidiaceae, with late Paleozoic and Triassic forms possibly representing other conifers or other seed plant groups like "pteridosperms".

Description

Agathoxylon were large trees that bore long strap-like leaves and trunks with small, narrow rays. Often the original cellular structure is preserved as a result of silica in solution in the ground water becoming deposited within the wood cells. This mode of fossilization is termed permineralization.

Systematics

As a genus, Dadoxylon was poorly defined, and apart from Araucariaceae, has been associated with fossil wood as diverse as Cordaitales, Glossopteridales and Podocarpaceae. Furthermore, it may be the same form genus as Araucarioxylon, hence the usage Dadoxylon (Araucarioxylon). The genus Agathoxylon, classified under the family Araucariaceae, has nomenclatural priority over the genera Araucarioxylon and Dadoxylon.

Several Dadoxylon species, such as D. brandlingii and D. saxonicum have been identified as Araucarites. D. arberi and D. sp.1 were synonymised with the glossopterid species Australoxylon teixterae and A. natalense, respectively; while D. sp. 2 was transferred to Protophyllocladoxylon.

Species

Distribution

Agathoxylon is common in many parts of the world, found in sites of both Gondwana and Laurasia and reported from southern Africa, Asia, the Middle East, Europe, and North America.

In southern Africa, Agathoxylon is widespread in the Karoo Supergroup. In Zimbabwe, it is especially encountered in the Pebbly Arkose Formation, and also reported frequently from the Angwa Sandstone Formation.

References

References

  1. (1996). "Index Nominum Genericorum (ING). A compilation of generic names published for organisms covered by the ICN: International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants. [previously: organisms covered by the International Code for Botanical Nomenclature]".
  2. (1923). "Proceedings and Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada". Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History.
  3. (1991). "Les espèces du genre Dadoxylon depuis 1962: Leur répartition et leur évolution du Permien à la fin du Mésozoïque". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology.
  4. (December 2021). "Agathoxylon santanensis sp. nov. from the Aptian Crato fossil Lagerstätte, Santana Formation, Araripe Basin, Brazil". Journal of South American Earth Sciences.
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  10. M. Philippe and M. Bamford. (2008). "A key to morphogenera used for Mesozoic conifer-like woods". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology.
  11. R. Rößler, M. Philippe, J. van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, S. Mcloughlin, J. Sakala and G. Zijlstra. (2014). "Which name(s) should be used for Araucaria-like fossil wood?—Results of a poll". Taxon.
  12. (2009). "Silicified wood from the Czech part of the Intra Sudetic Basin (Late Pennsylvanian, Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic): Systematics, silicification and palaeoenvironment". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen.
  13. M.K. Bamford, Bruce Cairncross and H. Lombard. (2020). "Silicified fossil woods from the Late Permian Middleton Formation, Beaufort Group, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa and their palaeoenvironmental significance". South African Journal of Geology.
  14. M. de Wit, M. Bamford & C. van Waarden. (2018). "Fossil trees from the basal Triassic Lebung Group at the Makgaba site, west of Mokubilo, Botswana". Palaeontologica Africana.
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  22. W.N. Edwards. (1933). "Triassic wood from the Malay States". Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society.
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  29. Adriana Kloster and Silvia Gnaedinger. (2018). "Coniferous wood of Agathoxylon from the La Matilde Formation, (Middle Jurassic), Santa Cruz, Argentina". Journal of Paleontology.
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