Aeonium

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Genus of succulents

title: "Aeonium" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["aeonium", "crassulaceae-genera"] description: "Genus of succulents" topic_path: "general/aeonium" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeonium" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Genus of succulents ::

| image = Aeonium undulatum.JPG | image_caption = Saucer-plant (Aeonium undulatum) | display_parents = 2 | taxon = Aeonium | authority = Webb & Berthel. | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = About 35, see text

Aeonium, the tree houseleeks, is a genus of about 35 species of succulent, subtropical plants of the family Crassulaceae. Many species are popular in horticulture. The genus name comes from the ancient Greek αἰώνιος / aiōnios (ageless).{{cite book | last1 = Eggli | first1 = U. | last2 = Newton | first2 = L.E. | title = Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names | publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg | year = 2004 | isbn = 978-3-540-00489-9 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=u2n5vusQ1DEC&pg=PA3 | access-date = 25 September 2018 | page = 3

Description

The succulent leaves are typically arranged on a basal stem, in a dense, spreading rosette. A feature which distinguishes this genus from many of its relatives is the manner in which the flowers bear free petals, and are divided into 6 or 12 sections. With the exception of Aeonium simsii, each rosette produces a central inflorescence only once, and then dies back (though it will usually branch or offset to produce ensuing rosettes).

Low-growing Aeonium species are A. tabuliforme and A. smithii; large species include A. arboreum and A. valverdense. They are related to the genera Sempervivum, Aichryson and Monanthes, as can be seen by their similar flower and inflorescences. Recently, the genus Greenovia has been placed within Aeonium.

Species and distribution

All but two species are native to at least one of three different Macaronesian archipelagos (the Canary Islands, Madeira, or Cape Verde) Most aeoniums are from the Canary Islands, The only species not native to these three Macaronesian island groups (Aeonium stuessyi and Aeonium leucoblepharum) are found in Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania; and Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Uganda and Yemen, respectively. Aeonium arboreum is native to both the Canary Islands and Morocco.

Species accepted by Plants of the World Online as of April 2023: ::data[format=table title=""]

SpeciesDistribution
Aeonium aizoon (Bolle) T.H.M.MesCanary Islands (Tenerife)
Aeonium appendiculatum BañaresCanary Islands (La Gomera)
Aeonium arboreum (L.) Webb & Berthel.Canary Islands (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma, El Hierro);
Aeonium aureum (C.Sm. ex Hornem.) T.H.M.MesCanary Islands (Gran Canaria, Tenerife)
Aeonium balsamiferum Webb & Berthel.Canary Islands (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura)
Aeonium canariense (L.) Webb & Berthel.Canary Islands (Gran Canaria, Tenerife; La Gomera, La Palma, El Hierro)
Aeonium castello-paivae BolleCanary Islands (La Gomera)
Aeonium ciliatum (Willd.) Webb & Berthel.Canary Islands (Tenerife)
Aeonium cuneatum Webb & Berthel.Canary Islands (Tenerife)
Aeonium davidbramwelii H.Y.LiuCanary Islands (La Palma)
Aeonium decorum Webb ex BolleCanary Islands (Tenerife, La Gomera)
Aeonium dodrantale (Willd.) T.H.M.MesCanary Islands (Tenerife)
Aeonium glandulosum (Aiton) Webb & Berthel.Maderia (Madeira, Desertas, Porto Santo)
Aeonium glutinosum (Aiton) Webb & Berthel.Madeira (Madeira, Desertas)
Aeonium gomerense (Praeger) PraegerCanary Islands (La Gomera)
Aeonium goochiae (Christ.) PraegerCanary Islands (La Palma)
Aeonium gorgoneum J. A. SchmidtCabo Verde (Santo Antão, São Nicolau, São Vicente)
Aeonium haworthii (Salm-Dyck ex Webb & Berthel.) Webb & Berthel.Canary Islands (Tenerife)
Aeonium hierrense (R. P. Murray) Pit. & Proust.Canary Islands (La Palma, El Hierro)
Aeonium lancerottense (Praeger) PraegerCanary Islands (Lanzarote)
Aeonium leucoblepharum Webb ex A. RichardYemen, Ethiopia, Sudan, Kenya, Uganda
Aeonium lindleyi Webb & Berthel.Canary Islands (Tenerife)
Aeonium liui ArangoCanary Islands (Tenerife)
Aeonium nobile (Praeger) PraegerCanary Islands (La Palma)
Aeonium percarneum (R. P. Murray) Pit. & Proust.Canary Islands (Gran Canaria)
Aeonium rubrolineatum Svent.Canary Islands (La Gomera)
Aeonium saundersii BolleCanary Islands (La Gomera)
Aeonium sedifolium (Webb ex Bolle) Pit. & Proust.Canary Islands (Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma))
Aeonium simsii (Sweet) Stearn.Canary Islands (Gran Canaria)
Aeonium smithii (Sims) Webb & Berthel.Canary Islands (Tenerife)
Aeonium spathulatum (Hornem.) PraegerCanary Islands (Gran Canaria, Tenerife; La Gomera, La Palma, El Hierro)
Aeonium stuessyi H.-Y. LiuEthiopia, Kenya, Tanzania
Aeonium tabuliforme (Haw.) Webb & Berthel.Canary Islands (Tenerife)
Aeonium undulatum Webb & Berthel.Canary Islands (Gran Canaria)
Aeonium urbicum (C. Sm. ex Hornem.) Webb & Berthel.Canary Islands (Tenerife)
Aeonium valverdense (Praeger) PraegerCanary Islands (El Hierro)
::

Hybrids

Much hybridising has been done, resulting in several cultivars of mixed or unknown parentage. The following species and cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-

  • Aeonium tabuliforme

  • Aeonium haworthii{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/504/Aeonium-haworthii/Details | title = Aeonium haworthii | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • Aeonium haworthii 'Variegatum'

  • Aeonium 'Blushing Beauty'{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/227610/Aeonium-Blushing-Beauty/Details | title = Aeonium 'Blushing Beauty' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • Aeonium 'Sunburst'{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/314094/Aeonium-Sunburst-(v)/Details | title = Aeonium 'Sunburst' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • Aeonium 'Zwartkop'{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/26342/Aeonium-Zwartkop/Details | title = Aeonium 'Zwartkop' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}} Hybridising between Aeonium species or cultivars and other Crassulaeceae species or cultivars has produced intergeneric crosses:

  • x *Semponium '''Sienna' (Sempervivum 'Green Ice' x *Aeonium'' 'Ice Warrior').

  • x Semponium 'Destiny' - winner of the Royal Horticultural Society Chelsea Flower Show 'Chelsea Plant of the Year 2022' award.

Some species have been introduced in California.{{Cite web | url = http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=100676 | title = Aeonium in Flora of North America @ efloras.org | website = www.efloras.org | access-date = 2016-10-15

UK national collections of aeoniums are held by Mellie Lewis at Clun in Shropshire and by Inverewe at Poolewe, Wester Ross in Scotland.

Images

File:Aeonium-arboreum-'Atropurpu.jpg|Aeonium arboreum 'Atropurpureum' File:Aeonium aureum (≡ Greenovia. aurea) (Marianne Perdomo) 1.jpg|Aeonium aureum File:Aeonium castello-paivae.jpg|Aeonium castello-paivae File:Aeonium decorum P1050445.JPG|Aeonium decorum File:Aeonium lindleyi P1050450.JPG|Aeonium lindleyi File:Aeonium nobile.jpg|Aeonium nobile File:Aeonium simsii P1050451.JPG|Aeonium simsii File:Aeonium smithii 10-5-2008 12-49-17.JPG|Aeonium smithii File:Aeonium tabuliforme PICT033.jpg|Aeonium tabuliforme File:Aeonium tabuliforme (7577650498).jpg|Aeonium tabuliforme bearing inflorescence File:Aeonium tabuliforme PICT2232.jpg|Detail of Aeonium tabuliforme flower File:Aeonium tabuliforme x arboreum 'Zwartkop' 2.jpg|Aeonium tabuliforme × arboreum 'Zwartkop' File:Aeonium undulatum 092.JPG|Aeonium undulatum File:Aeonium valverdense PICT0545.jpg|Aeonium valverdense

References

  • R. Nyffeler, "Aeonium", in Urs Eggli, ed. Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants: Crassulaceae (Springer, 2003)
  • M. Cristini, "The Genus Aeonium" (Rome, 2022)

References

  1. (2001). "Wild flowers of the Canary Islands". Editorial Rueda.
  2. "International Crassulaceae Network: ''Aeonium''". International Crassulaceae Network.
  3. (2023). "''Aeonium'' Webb & Berthel.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  4. "''Aeonium tabuliforme''". RHS.
  5. "''Aeonium haworthii'' 'Variegatum'". RHS.
  6. "Graham Rice's new plants blog: Super succulent is Chelsea Plant of the Year star / RHS Gardening".
  7. "The RHS Chelsea Flower Show Plant of the Year / RHS Gardening".
  8. "Join Plant Heritage | Conserving the diversity of garden plants".
  9. Scotland, National Trust for. (April 22, 2022). "A glimpse into plant evolution through…".

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aeoniumcrassulaceae-genera