Abrud

Quality 0.50 · 3 views · Updated 2 months ago

title: "Abrud" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["populated-places-in-alba-county", "localities-in-transylvania", "towns-in-romania", "mining-communities-in-romania"] topic_path: "general/populated-places-in-alba-county" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrud" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox Romanian subdivision"]

FieldValue
typetown
countyAlba
population_totalauto
image_skylineAbrud.seara.jpg
image_mapAbrud jud Alba.png
map_captionLocation in Alba County
image_shieldROU AB Abrud CoA.svg
leader_nameRadu-Marcel Tuhuț
leader_partyPSD
leader_term2024–2028
coordinates
elevation627
area_total32.00
postal_code515100
area_code(+40) 02 58
website
::

|type = town |county = Alba |population_total = auto |image_skyline = Abrud.seara.jpg |image_map = Abrud jud Alba.png |map_caption = Location in Alba County |image_shield = ROU AB Abrud CoA.svg |leader_name = Radu-Marcel Tuhuț |leader_party = PSD |leader_term = 2024–2028 |coordinates = |elevation = 627 |elevation_min = |elevation_max = |area_total = 32.00 |population_as_of = |population_footnotes = |postal_code = 515100 |area_code = (+40) 02 58 |website = Abrud (; ; ) is a town in the north-western part of Alba County, Transylvania, Romania, located on the river Abrud. It administers three villages: Abrud-Sat (Abrudfalva), Gura Cornei (Szarvaspataktorka) and Soharu (Szuhár).

Population

|source = INS, Census data |1912 |2938 |1930 |2468 |1948 |2656 |1956 |4411 |1966 |5150 |1977 |5315 |1992 |6729 |2002 |6803 |2011 |4944 |2021 |4360

At the 2021 census, Abrud had a population of 4,360. According to the census from 2011, the town had a total population of 4,944; of those, 96.66% were ethnic Romanians, 0.86% ethnic Hungarians, and 0.53% ethnic Romani.

Name

The name came from the ancient name of the Abrud river. Although first recorded only in 1271 in the form terra Obruth, the name of the town might have derived from a hypothetical Dacian word for gold: "obrud". The Hungarian name is Abrudbánya ("bánya" means mine in Hungarian). According to Hungarian linguists, the town's modern name reflects a characteristic vowel shift in the medieval Hungarian language which occurred in the 14th century. The Romanian name Abrud was borrowed from the Hungarian form, the transformation of Obruth to Abrud reflects the typically Hungarian vowel shift (from o to a) as in the case of the Szamos and Maros rivers. If the ancient form had survived directly in the Romanian language, then according to the Romanian linguistic rules it would have produced Aurud. According to Romanian linguist Nicolae Drăganu, the earlier form of the Hungarian name was Obruth and Obrudbania which was a Greek variant of a Thracian word. He states that the Romanian form (a) came from the romanized Dacians, while the Hungarian form (o) came from the Daco-Romans through Slavic mediation.

History

Antiquity

The Romans erected a small fortification here in the 2nd century AD. It was part of the defence system of the gold mines nearby, in "Alburnus Maior" (nowadays, Roșia Montană), but it was abandoned in the 3rd century.

Middle Ages

Abrud was first recorded in 1271 in as terra Obruth. It gained town status in 1427.

18th-century revolts

In 1727, the leaders of a revolt gained control of the town. Another serfs' revolt began in the area in 1784 with Horea, Cloșca and Crișan as leaders fighting the Austrian Imperial forces. Abrud was captured by the uprising's members on 6 November, before the revolt was crushed by the Austrian army.

1848 revolution

During the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, negotiations took place in Abrud between the leaders of the Romanian peasants, led by Avram Iancu and Ion Dragoș, the envoy of Lajos Kossuth, deputy of Bihar County in the Parliament of Budapest, regarding the conciliation of the Romanian and Hungarian revolutionary forces. On 6 May, in violation of the negotiated armistice, Major Imre Hatvani conducted a one-way action without any compliance by attacking and occupying Abrud which triggered the Abrud massacre. Hatvani embarked also on unnecessary killings, hanged Romanian lawyer Ioan Buteanu, while his drunken soldiers massacred prefect Petru Dobra. In the next two weeks 88 Romanians were killed in the central square, and around 2,500 Hungarians were killed in revenge by Iancu's army in Abrud and in Roșia Montană; Dragoș was also killed, being considered a traitor. The escalated conflict could not be settled, Abrud was conquered and lost several times by the Hungarian troops, until 18 May when they retreated to Arad.

Natives

Climate

Abrud has a humid continental climate (Cfb in the Köppen climate classification).

|location = Abrud |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 0.8 |Feb high C = 2.8 |Mar high C = 7.4 |Apr high C = 13.7 |May high C = 18 |Jun high C = 21.2 |Jul high C = 22.9 |Aug high C = 23.3 |Sep high C = 18.4 |Oct high C = 13.2 |Nov high C = 7.9 |Dec high C = 2.2 |year high C = |Jan mean C = -2.7 |Feb mean C = -1.1 |Mar mean C = 3.1 |Apr mean C = 9 |May mean C = 13.6 |Jun mean C = 17 |Jul mean C = 18.7 |Aug mean C = 19 |Sep mean C = 14.2 |Oct mean C = 9 |Nov mean C = 4.2 |Dec mean C = -1 |year mean C = |Jan low C = -5.9 |Feb low C = -4.7 |Mar low C = -1.2 |Apr low C = 3.9 |May low C = 8.5 |Jun low C = 11.9 |Jul low C = 13.8 |Aug low C = 14.2 |Sep low C = 10 |Oct low C = 5.2 |Nov low C = 1.2 |Dec low C = -3.8 |year low C = |Jan precipitation mm = 56 |Feb precipitation mm = 53 |Mar precipitation mm = 71 |Apr precipitation mm = 97 |May precipitation mm = 131 |Jun precipitation mm = 149 |Jul precipitation mm = 149 |Aug precipitation mm = 108 |Sep precipitation mm = 84 |Oct precipitation mm = 62 |Nov precipitation mm = 60 |Dec precipitation mm = 66 |year precipitation = |date=May 2021|source=https://en.climate-data.org/europe/romania/alba/abrud-44395/}}

References

|File:Abrud Biserica Sf. Nicolae.JPG|Catholic church |File:Churches in Abrud.jpg|Unitarian and Calvinist churches |File:Abrud station.jpg|Train station |File:RO AB Abrud Vedere generala.jpg|Panoramic view

References

  1. "Results of the 2024 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau.
  2. Ștefan Pascu: A History of Transylvania, Dorset Press, 1990, {{ISBN. 978-0-88029-526-0, {{ISBN. 0-88029-526-0
  3. "Structura Etno-demografică a României".
  4. Makkai, László. (2001). "History of Transylvania Volume I. From the Beginnings to 1606 - III. Transylvania in the Medieval Hungarian Kingdom (896–1526) - 1. Transylvania'a Indigenous Population at the Time of the Hungarian Conquest". Columbia University Press, (The Hungarian original by Institute of History Of The Hungarian Academy of Sciences).
  5. Makkai, László. (2001). "History of Transylvania Volume I. From the Beginnings to 1606 - III. Transylvania in the Medieval Hungarian Kingdom (896–1526) - 1. Transylvania'a Indigenous Population at the Time of the Hungarian Conquest". Columbia University Press, (The Hungarian original by Institute of History Of The Hungarian Academy of Sciences).
  6. Drăganu, Nicolae. (1920–1921). "Din vechea noastră toponimie".
  7. (19 March 2009). "1160.02". ran.cimec.ro.
  8. . (10 May 2012). ["Az abrudbányai mészárlás"](https://tortenelemportal.hu/2012/05/az-abrudbanyai-meszarlas/). *Történelem portál*.
  9. "Primăria Orașului Abrud – Istorie".

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

populated-places-in-alba-countylocalities-in-transylvaniatowns-in-romaniamining-communities-in-romania